Unit 1, Lecture 3Unit 1, Lecture 3The American The American

Revolutionary WarRevolutionary WarMr. SmithMr. Smith

88thth grade U.S. History grade U.S. HistoryAugust 16August 16thth/17/17thth & 20 & 20thth/21/21stst, 2012, 2012

Help From AbroadHelp From Abroad France and Great Britain had a history of France and Great Britain had a history of

fightingfighting France lost the French and Indian War and France lost the French and Indian War and

lost its American colonieslost its American colonies 1776 – France was giving secret aid to the 1776 – France was giving secret aid to the

AmericansAmericans Battle of Saratoga – Americans actually Battle of Saratoga – Americans actually

beat the British…seeing this Louis XVI beat the British…seeing this Louis XVI came to our assistancecame to our assistance

Spain joined in 1779, forcing Britain to Spain joined in 1779, forcing Britain to fight multiple enemies on land and at seafight multiple enemies on land and at sea

Europeans Help WashingtonEuropeans Help Washington

Marquis de LafayetteMarquis de Lafayette– 19 year old French nobleman19 year old French nobleman– Bought his ragtag group warm clothing with his Bought his ragtag group warm clothing with his

own moneyown money Baron de KalbBaron de Kalb

– German officer who formerly served in the German officer who formerly served in the French armyFrench army

Baron von SteubenBaron von Steuben– Trained the Americans how to fightTrained the Americans how to fight

Charging with bayonetsCharging with bayonets

Winter at Valley ForgeWinter at Valley Forge Washington had to retreat from PhiladelphiaWashington had to retreat from Philadelphia Made it to southeastern part of Pennsylvania, Made it to southeastern part of Pennsylvania,

Valley ForgeValley Forge Winter was brutalWinter was brutal

– Troops lacked supplies to begin withTroops lacked supplies to begin with– ¼ died from malnutrition, exposure to cold, or diseases ¼ died from malnutrition, exposure to cold, or diseases

(typhoid fever)(typhoid fever) While Congress was not able to provide the best While Congress was not able to provide the best

support (supplies), private citizens picked up the support (supplies), private citizens picked up the slackslack

There were deserters (understandable with the There were deserters (understandable with the conditions), but so many men loved Washington – conditions), but so many men loved Washington – they remained with him throughout this very they remained with him throughout this very difficult winter.difficult winter.

The Treaty of ParisThe Treaty of Paris Ended the American Revolutionary WarEnded the American Revolutionary War

– Gained freedom from British ruleGained freedom from British rule– Established boundaries for our new nationEstablished boundaries for our new nation– The U.S. can fish off the Atlantic coastThe U.S. can fish off the Atlantic coast– Debts would be paid by both Britain and the Debts would be paid by both Britain and the

U.S.U.S.– Captured Americans would be returnedCaptured Americans would be returned– The seized property of Loyalists would be The seized property of Loyalists would be

returnedreturned Loyalists – colonist loyal to the King of Britain during Loyalists – colonist loyal to the King of Britain during

the American Revolutionthe American Revolution Neither side honored the terms of the Neither side honored the terms of the

treatytreaty

Costs of the WarCosts of the War

25,700 Americans died25,700 Americans died 1,400 Americans went missing1,400 Americans went missing 8,200 Americans were wounded8,200 Americans were wounded 10,000 British died10,000 British died America had war debts totaling $27 millionAmerica had war debts totaling $27 million 60,000 to 100,000 Loyalists left the U.S.60,000 to 100,000 Loyalists left the U.S.

– Went to Canada and BritainWent to Canada and Britain

Issues After the WarIssues After the War

How will we govern our nation?How will we govern our nation? Will we allow our citizens freedom of Will we allow our citizens freedom of

religion?religion? Will we have slavery in our new Will we have slavery in our new

nation?nation?

The French RevolutionThe French Revolution The French people heard about the The French people heard about the

American Revolution and began to American Revolution and began to question revolting against their Kingquestion revolting against their King

America initially supports the French America initially supports the French RevolutionRevolution

The extreme violence causes them to The extreme violence causes them to change their (America) mindchange their (America) mind

The British came to Louis XVI’s aid The British came to Louis XVI’s aid because fear of revolution coming to because fear of revolution coming to BritainBritain

1793 – George Washington says America 1793 – George Washington says America will remain neutralwill remain neutral

Remaining NeutralRemaining Neutral

Britain began seizing American shipsBritain began seizing American ships Two treaties to deal with thisTwo treaties to deal with this

– Jay’s TreatyJay’s Treaty Forced Britain to pay for damage to U.S. vesselsForced Britain to pay for damage to U.S. vessels

– Pickney’s TreatyPickney’s Treaty #1 Americans could freely travel down Mississippi #1 Americans could freely travel down Mississippi

RiverRiver #2 American can store grains in New Orleans for free#2 American can store grains in New Orleans for free #3 31#3 31stst parallel established southern boundary parallel established southern boundary