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UNIDAD ACADÉMICA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES
CARRERA DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN MENCIÓNINGLÉS
MACHALA2016
TORRES CASTILLO ANDREA MABEL
METHODOLOGICAL STRATEGIES APPLIED BY TEACHERS TODEVELOP THE INTEREST AND LEARNING OF STUDENTS IN THE
ENGLISH CLASS
UNIDAD ACADÉMICA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES
CARRERA DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN MENCIÓNINGLÉS
MACHALA2016
TORRES CASTILLO ANDREA MABEL
METHODOLOGICAL STRATEGIES APPLIED BY TEACHERS TODEVELOP THE INTEREST AND LEARNING OF STUDENTS IN
THE ENGLISH CLASS
Urkund Analysis Result Analysed Document: TORRES CASTILLO ANDREA MABEL.pdf (D21119220)Submitted: 2016-07-19 18:04:00 Submitted By: [email protected] Significance: 7 %
Sources included in the report:
PROYECTO-DAMARIS.docx (D15871575) TRNC 16.06.11.docx (D4245265) Evaluating the motivational impact of CALL systems current practices and future directions.pdf (D18045484) https://cutelynblog.wordpress.com/2016/04/28/multiple-intelligence-strategies/ http://file.upi.edu/Direktori/FPBS/JUR._PEND._BAHASA_INGGRIS/IYEN_N/Presentasi_Kopendas(10-11_Okt_2009.pdf
Instances where selected sources appear:
7
U R K N DU
DEDICATION
To my angels in heaven, my Dad and my grandfather, that since there, they have made
it possible my biggest dream giving me their blessings.
To my mom for her love, devotion, advice, understanding and for her help in difficult
times. She makes me a good person with values, principles, character, perseverance,
and courage to achieve my goals.
To my siblings for always being present trusting me.
To my daughter, because She is my whole life and the reason I want to overcome
more each day.
Andrea
V
VI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I thank Technical University of Machala for giving me the opportunity to finish my
career.
I also thank to all my teachers because they formed me as a professional, to my family
for their unconditional support.
Andrea
VII
ABSTRACT
METHODOLOGICAL STRATEGIES APPLIED BY TEACHERS TO DEVELOP THE
INTEREST AND LEARNING OF STUDENTS IN THE ENGLISH CLASS
Author: Andrea Mabel Torres Castillo
This project focuses on the application of different methodological strategies that help
teachers to develop interest and learning of students in English class. These strategies
are very important in the English classroom because for students the subject of English
is tedious and difficult to learn. The objective of this document is to provide teachers
methodological strategies through innovative and motivating techniques to achieve
quality and active teaching-learning. It is vital in the classroom, the management and
use of the proposed strategies that help students to interact and build their own
knowledge.
This research provides support to teachers to guide how to teach a class to motivate
their students, and they achieve good learning by developing the four skills: Reading,
speaking, writing, listening.
Key words: Strategies, motivation, techniques, learning, interest.
VIII
Resumen
Este proyecto se centra en la aplicación de diferentes estrategias metodológicas que
ayudan al docente a desarrollar el interés y aprendizaje de los estudiantes en la clase
de inglés. Estas estrategias son de mucha importancia, ya que para los estudiantes, la
materia de inglés es tediosa y difícil de aprender. El Objetivo del mismo es
proporcionar a los maestros estrategias metodológicas a través de técnicas activas,
innovadoras y motivadoras para lograr una enseñanza-aprendizaje de calidad. Es de
vital importancia dentro del aula, el manejo y uso de las estrategias propuestas porque
ayudan al estudiante a interactuar y a construir su propio conocimiento.
Esta investigación sirve de apoyo a los profesores para guiar la manera de dictar una
clase para que motiven a sus estudiantes y lograr un buen aprendizaje desarrollando
las cuatro habilidades: Reading, speaking, writing, listening.
Palabras claves: estrategias, motivación, aprendizaje, interés.
IX
INDEX
Cover…………………..…………………………………………………………I
Frontispicie…………………..………………………………………………… .II
Evaluation page or veredict…………………………………………………..IV
Dedication...…………………..……………………………………………….. V
Acknowledge….………………………………………………………………..VI
Abstract…………….....………………………………………………………..VII
Index……………………………………………………………………………..IX
Introduction……………….…………………………………………………….10
Development……………….………………………………………………… . 11
Results………………………………………………………..………………... 21
Conclussions……………………………………………………………….….. 22
Bibliography…………………………………………………………………… .23
10
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays the forms or strategies to teach a foreign language are very important. English
is the Universal language, for this reason, this language is taught in many countries
including Ecuador. The Minister of Education of our country includes English in the
academic curriculum like foreign language.
In the different educational Institutions, in El Oro province it is observed a poor
performance in the subject of English, because the atmosphere in the classroom is not
appropriate, students are shown distracted and indifferent. The responsible for these
problems is the teacher because he does not management a proper use of aimed
techniques at achieve the student be active in the construction of his/her own knowledge.
School failure in the subject of English is given by the little knowledge that teachers have
in terms of strategies to make a fun and interesting class.
The investigation in this problem is based in the Importance of increasing student
motivation to reach successful learning.
Therefore, we have the following item:
METHODOLOGICAL STRATEGIES APPLIED BY TEACHERS TO DEVELOP THE
INTEREST AND LEARNING OF STUDENTS IN THE ENGLISH CLASS.
11
DEVELOPMENT
COMPLEXIVE EXAMEN PRACTICAL DIMENSION
Practice reagent to resolve
In the ninth year of 9 de Octubre college, the English teachers do not dominate the
management of methodological strategies to manage their course.
What would be the factors that are affecting the wrong domain of methodological
strategies by teachers in the ninth year?
Many teachers only use the books to give classes; these classes are boring for student. It
is important for the teacher to give classes that are full of interest, and they have to provide
a variety of strategies to reach their students.
“Professor continually asks: “What methodology will work best? What ways of teaching will
facilitate the process? What techniques achieve better stimulate learning of one concept?”
(Salicett Fonsecai, Cinthya, Jimenez, Carpio, & Smith Barr, 2013).
To teach English in the different educational units, we propose strategies to increase the
students´ interest in learning English in the class.
What are the strategies?
Schmeck (2013) defined:
The term strategy was originally a military term that referred to procedures for
implementing the plan of a large-scale military operation. The more specific steps in
implementation of the plan were called tactics. More generally, the term strategy has come
to refer to the implementation of a set of procedures (tactics) for accomplishing something.
So, We can say that Strategies are:
12
They are designed to solve practical problems and overcome difficulties with optimization
of time and resources.
Strategies suggest a qualitative change in the system from eliminating the contradictions
between the desired and current status
Involve a planning process in which occurs the sequencing of actions oriented to
GOAL
Interrelate dialectically, in a global plan, the objectives or goals pursued and methodology
to achieve them (Benítez Gener, Guerra García, Pérez Martínez, Pino Ledesma, &
Labrador Labrado, 2016).
What is motivation?
Dörnyei & Ushioda (2013) said:
The motivation concerns the directions and magnitude of human behavior, that is: The
choice of a particular action, the persistence with it, the effort expended on it. In other
words, the motivation is responsible for: why people decide to something, how to long they
are willing to sustain the activity, and how bad they are going to pursue it.
The teacher's task is very difficult when you have unmotivated and disinterested students
in the subject, but nothing is impossible.
According to UK.Essays (2013):
Motivation is an important drive in our life if we don't have any motivating we will face
many difficulties in our road. You can say that learning without motivation is as food
without salt. So each person in this life need motivation to continue his/ her life because
motivation helps us to be more affective on our society.
If the student is interested in learning any subject, it will be easy for them, on the other
hand, if they show disinterest the result will be negative.
For a successful development in English class, motivation is critical because students will
use a different language, which does not dominate and must approve at school.
13
That is why; the first thing the teacher has to achieve is to make students have the wish to
learn. This task is not easy, because each student has a different personality,
environment, level of learning, etc. and the teacher will have to adapt the learning
techniques to the necessity according of group.
To teach English in the different educational units, we propose strategies to develop the
interest and learning of student English in the class.
MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES STRATEGIES.
Herrell & Jordan in their book mentioned:
In 1993, Dr. Howard Gardner, professor of psychology and education sciences at Harvard
University, has proposed his theory of multiple intelligences. Through this theory Dr.
Gardner concluded that intelligence is not innate and mastered all the skills and abilities of
solving problems that human have. The intelligence is located in different areas of the
brain, interconnected and they can also work individually and can develop if they find an
environment that offers the necessary conditions. Using knowledge of multiple
intelligences strategies is especially beneficial to English Language Learners since
allowing them learn and demonstrate their understanding in the mode in which they are
most confident serves to lower the affective filter and boost their self-esteem and
motivation.
We list the 8 intelligences:
Bodily Kinesthetic: the person who has this intelligence use body in all forms, with music,
with exercises, with jobs, etc. This type of intelligence requires strength, speed, flexibility,
hand-eye coordination and balance.
It is the intelligence of athletes, craftspeople, surgeons, actors, models and dancers.
Intrapersonal: “It allows to understand our needs and characteristics as well as our
strengths and weaknesses” (Herrell & Jordan).
14
People who possess this intelligence can set goals, assess skills and they can meditate,
exhibit personal discipline, and maintain composure.
Interpersonal: this intelligence allows us to interact with others easily. Most daily activities
depend on this type of intelligence, because they are formed by groups of people with
whom we should relate.
It is typically of teachers, psychologists, therapists those working with people, helping
identify and resolve problems.
Linguistic: It is considered one of the most important. In this intelligence, both
hemispheres of the brain are used.
In this, the person manipulates words and language easily. They are writers, good editors,
political or religious leaders, poets, marketers, etc.
Logical/Mathematical: This is one of the most traditional intelligences. Persons belonging
to this group, use the logical hemisphere of the brain and can engage in the exact
sciences. They have the ability to identify patterns, calculate, formulate and test
hypotheses. People those conformed this group have an incredible reasoning. It is
typically economists, engineers, scientists, etc.
Musical: The power of this intelligence lies from birth and varies from one person to
another. This type of intelligence needs to be stimulated to develop their full potential,
either to play an instrument or to hear a melody with sensitivity. It is typically of singers,
composers, musicians, dancers.
Visual/Spatial: The ability to observe the world and objects from different perspectives.
These people present ideas visually, create mental images, perceive visual details, draw
and make sketches.
Also, they can recognize landmarks, addresses, faces and recognize people only see
them once.
It is typically to artists, photographers, architects, designers, publicists, etc.
Naturalistic: It is the ability to learn through environment. For example, when students
observes plants, flowers, etc. and make experimentations.
15
Now, in English class, we use this strategy with different activities. For example:
In Bodily Kinesthetic: with games or role-play.
Intrapersonal: investigation with TICS. Individual work.
Interpersonal: Use group works.
Linguistic: use oral test, dialogues.
Logical/Mathematical: use puzzles, scramble sentences
Musical: use singing a song or composing a song.
Visual/Spatial: have students make pictures, work with power point illustrations.
Naturalistic: “ask students to connect the concept with examples from nature” (Herrell &
Jordan).
ROLE PLAYS:
“Role Play as a term, describes a range of activities characterized by involving participants
in “as-if” or “simulated” actions and circumstances” (Yardley-Matwiejczuk, 1997).
As Pimbo (2015) mentioned in her Thesis, “The fundamental characteristics of the role
play are: its symbolic character, the arguments, the contents, the real interrelations that
establish students and ludic relationships”.
16
The Role Play is considered as an active learning technique and it is one of the most
known and used among teachers and students in our schools. This technique helps us a
lot to complement new skills with which we have acquired.
As describe (Porter, 2008):
Role playing has multiple motivations for students, including those mentioned: Take ideas
and different positions to their own, teamwork, empowerment in decision-making in the
game and greater commitment to students. The aim is to imagine how to act and the
decisions that each of the characters take in different situations.
This strategy works the speaking and listening skills because it allows the teacher to know
the different abilities and skills of students in language and how it operates within a group
of people.
REALIA:
Realia Strategy is a term for the real things or concrete objects that are used in the
classroom to build background knowledge and vocabulary which provides students with
opportunities to use all the senses in learning which allows students to see, hear, feel,
smell and even taste the object being explored that could be helpful in comprehension.
(Aldriani, 2013)
The use of real objects as a strategy to teach English, makes students feel in a trusted
environment, and, at the same time, promoting language learning.
This strategy improves the activity of mind for students to relate the content of the class
with daily life so that knowledge is acquired more easily, strengthens speaking and
increases creativity.
“In Education, Realia is a mediaa that’s easy and interesting to be accesed. Realia is used
in the classroom to ilustrate new knowledge an aid to facilitate language learnig and
production” (Mukarromah, 2015)
17
Students develop the speaking, writing, listening skills.
Among real objects that can be used in classrooms, we have some categories: cellphones,
clothes, animals, football teams, etc.
CATEGORY REALIA USES
Cellphones Sony, LG, SAMGUNG, iPhone, etc. Vocabulary development, acting
out stories, oral, practice.
Clothes Different kinds of hats, dresses, sweaters, jackets. Oral practice, writing support,
vocabulary development.
Football
teams
Barcelona, Emelec, Liga de Quito, El Nacional,
etc. Oral practice, vocabulary
development, sensory
experiences.
Animals Pets, domestic animals, kinds of bird, zoo
animals. Vocabulary development,
sensory experiences.
Buildings Pictures of Houses, skyscraper, mansions Oral practice, language
development.
GAMES:
Students in general, whether children or young people really like the games, as they are
part of their physical, intellectual and social development.
18
The game as a teaching resource in the classroom is essential for English classes to
practice and improve pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar resource. Also, games help
the development of the four language skills: Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing.
The use of games in English class helps students to create a positive environment, and
transforms learning into a fun activity.
For the teaching and learning of English, games are vital to develop imagination and
stimulate creativity. Students will gain skills that help in learning and develop creative
thinking through games.
We have a list of games for English learning:
Simon says:
It is a popular and well-known game in the classroom. The teacher gives the order to do
some activity and students perform. For example, to learn parts of the body, Simon says,
touching her head.
Don’t Say Yes or No: “The concept of the game is simple. You read questions off a card
in the hopes of making your opponent say YES or NO. If they say one these forbidden
words you hit the bell and laugh at them” (Laura, 2014).
Example Card:
Let’s start
Are you ready?
Do you like banana?
Do you wear shoes?
Do you like ice cream?
19
Are you a student?
Is this your school?
Bingo card: The Objective of this game is teachers check the level of student in
vocabulary. You can use names, numbers, verbs, etc.
Scrambled Sentences
This game, besides being funny, is based on giving students a group of words to form the
correct order of a sentence. This game helps teacher to know the student’s ability in writing
and reading.
SONGS
A piece of music for voice or voices, whether accompanied or unaccompanied, or
the act or art of singing. A short composition for solo voice, usually accompanied
by the piano, based on a poetic text and composed in such a way as to enhance
rather than to overshadow the significance of the text. In a song, the words and
music are of equal importance. (Flattum, 2004)
The songs are an important teaching tool in learning English as it encompasses many
aspects in terms of language skills. Also, the use of songs helps to increase vocabulary
and to develop pronunciation.
“Using music in the classroom could be more than just a fun, engaged atmosphere. It
could possibly assist in accelerated, long term acquisition of a language” (Chandler, 2016).
Songs are a very effective teaching resource, this allows work on the four language skills;
reading, writing, listening and speaking, at the same time, students have fun and feel
motivate.
20
Usually, the songs become an accessible resource in everyday life because young
students listen to songs continuously on the radio, on television, at home, on buses, in a
bar, on the beach, even when we walk down the street.
The method that you used to remember song is the same to work in school. “We
had been practice this device since we are children, which the "ABC" song. We
know that let children remember all this alphabets is very difficult them, so teacher
will teach the children this "ABC" song to let them easily remember all this 26
alphabets”. (ESSAYS, 2013)
Listen to the songs, students know the rhythm of the song, and often even they hum it, but
they do not know the correct letter of it. Here is evident in students a trend and a natural
inclination towards the song.
21
RESULTS
As a final result of this project, we have the direct influence of the wrong application of
methodological strategies in the poor performance of students in the English class.
Certainly these factors make some students do not feel attachment to English due to the
bad teaching strategies used focus only on a text, and make dull and boring class.
A boring English class results in students with a low level of knowledge in the subject, and
many reprobates. This is a reason for we provide a help to teachers, and we give an option
of improved teaching of English language. These strategies change the tedious learning
environment, in a place full of motivation and interest.
As Lozano A. (2003) said: “Motivation is considered as an element facilitator of the
involvement of the learner: when a student is strongly motivated and personality all their
effort is directed towards the goal of a certain goal, employing all their resources”.
22
CONCLUSIONS
Factors affecting for teachers not management a group of students in English class, is the
lack of different methodological strategies used in the classroom.
If students are interested in the class, the teacher's work becomes extremely easy.
The strategies mentioned in this project help the teacher keep harmony in the classroom
and that students learn while having fun.
We have come to a clear and precise conclusion, if the teacher uses strategies through
motivational techniques will arouse student interest in learning, and the atmosphere in the
classroom will be in order and balance. Students learn while they constructed their own
knowledge.
23
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