Unemployment rate 4.3 % of labour force Exports (goods ... · 3 Romania Economic forecast 2. POPULATION AND ECONOMY Importance of rural areas Territory Population GVA Employment (km2)

Agriculture and Rural Development

Statistical Factsheet

CONTENTS

Main f igures

1. KEY DATA

2. POPULATION & ECONOMY

3. FINANCIAL ASPECTS

4. ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS

5. AGRICULTURAL TRADE

6. FARM STRUCTURE

1

2

3

4-5

6-12

13-14

15-16

Romania

June 2019

Population (1st January) 19 530 631 persons

Area* 238 398 km2

Currency RON leu

Nominal GDP at current prices 203 440 million EUR

GDP per capita at current prices 10 437 EUR

GDP per capita at purchasing power 19 797 PPS

Harmonised index of consumer prices 4.3% change over previous year

Unemployment rate 4.3 % of labour force

Exports (goods & services) 84 484 million EUR (current prices)

Imports (goods & services) 90 999 million EUR (current prices)

Balance (goods & services) -6 515 million EUR (current prices)

Exports of agricultural products 6 511 million EUR

Imports of agricultural products 7 629 million EUR

Current account balance -4.3 % of GDP

General government balance -3.3 % of GDP

General government gross debt 35.1 % of GDP

Updated: June 2019 * Data refer to the year 2016

Main figures - Year 2018

Sources: European Commission, Eurostat, and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs.

2

Romania

1. KEY DATA

Total population (number of persons), of which: 2018 19 530 631 3.8% of EU-28

in predominantly rural regions (PR) 2018 53.4% 18.9% in EU-28

in intermediate regions 2018 34.8% 36.2% in EU-28

in predominantly urban regions 2018 11.8% 44.9% in EU-28

Population in PR regions (number of persons) 2018 10 436 306 10.9% of EU-28

In EUR (current prices):

total (million EUR) 2018 203 440 1.0% of EU-28

GDP per capita (EUR/person) 2018 10 437 30 946 in EU-28

GDP per capita (PPS/person) 2018 19 797 30 946 in EU-28

Real GDP growth rate (% change over previous year) 2018 3.6% 2.1% in EU-28

Agriculture, forestry and fishing (% of total GVA) 2018 4.8% 1.6% in EU-28

Total expenditure (million EUR), of which: 2018 2 995.2 5.1% of EU-28

Direct payments (%) 2018 59.2% 70.9% in EU-28

Market measures (%) 2018 1.2% 4.6% in EU-28

Rural development (%) 2018 39.6% 24.5% in EU-28

Agricultural goods output (million EUR), of which: 2018 18 413.1 4.4% of EU-28

Crop output, of which: 75.4% 6.2% of EU-28

Cereals (including seeds) 27.0% 10.4% of EU-28

Industrial crops 9.9% 9.6% of EU-28

Forage plants 8.2% 6.9% of EU-28

Vegetables and horticultural products 14.8% 4.8% of EU-28

Potatoes 4.8% 7.3% of EU-28

Fruits 8.3% 5.3% of EU-28

Wine 2.2% 1.4% of EU-28

Olive oil 0.0% 0.0% of EU-28

Animal output, of which: 23.2% 2.5% of EU-28

Cattle 1.7% 1.0% of EU-28

Pigs 5.5% 2.8% of EU-28

Sheep and goats 1.2% 4.0% of EU-28

Poultry 2.7% 2.2% of EU-28

Milk 5.5% 1.8% of EU-28

Eggs 4.2% 7.4% of EU-28

Gross value added at basic prices (million EUR) 2018 8 323.9 4.7% of EU-28

Total intermediate consumption (million EUR) 2018 11 420.0 4.5% of EU-28

Indicator A (% change over previous year) 2018 0.4% -3.6% in EU-28

Total (No), of which: 2016 3 422 030 32.7% of EU-28

UAA < 5 ha (%) 2016 91.8% 65.6% in EU-28

Economic size < 4 000 € 2016 84.6% 55.7% in EU-28

Holder < 35 years (%) 2016 3.1% 5.1% in EU-28

Holder > 64 years (%) 2016 44.3% 32.8% in EU-28

UAA per holding (ha) 2016 3.7 16.6 in EU-28

AWU (No) 2016 1 640 120 18.3% of EU-28

Female farm holders (%) 2016 33.8% 30.8% in EU-28

Male farm holders (%) 2016 66.2% 69.2% in EU-28

Agriculture in % of total employment 2017 20.3% 3.9% in EU-28

Macroeconomics

Population (new European Commission methodology)

GDP

Gross value added

Financial aspects

Updated: June 2019

Agricultural income

Farm structure

Holdings

Agricultural expenditure

Labour force

Sources: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development.

Economic accounts of agriculture

Agricultural output

Agricultural input

3

Romania

Economic forecast

2. POPULATION AND ECONOMY

Importance of rural areas

Territory Population GVA Employment

(km2) (persons) (Million EUR) (persons)

Year 2016 2018 2016 2017

Predominantly Rural Regions 161 667 10 436 306 56 368 4 673 000

Intermediate Regions 74 927 6 793 070 54 880 2 438 400

Predominantly Urban Regions 1 804 2 301 255 41 500 1 251 900

Total 238 398 19 530 631 152 747 8 363 300

Source: Eurostat. Updated: June 2019

67.8%

53.4%

36.9%

55.9%

31.4%

34.8%

35.9%

29.2%

0.8%11.8%

27.2%15.0%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

% Territory % Population % GVA % Employment

predominantly rural intermediate predominantly urban

Indicators 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

In million EUR (current prices) 131 926 133 147 143 802 150 457 160 297 170 393 187 940 203 440 218 477 234 357

Per capita (in PPS; current prices) 13 510 14 306 14 540 15 196 16 282 17 022 18 744 19 797 21 010 22 280

GDP growth (at constant prices) 2.0% 2.1% 3.5% 3.4% 3.9% 4.8% 7.3% 3.6% 3.8% 3.6%

GDP deflator 3.1% -1.1% 4.3% 1.2% 2.6% 1.4% 2.8% 4.5% 3.5% 3.5%

Harmonised index of consumer

prices5.8% 3.4% 3.2% 1.4% -0.4% -1.1% 1.1% 4.3% 3.5% 3.3%

Exports (goods and services) 12.1% 1.1% 20.2% 8.0% 4.6% 16.0% 10.0% 5.4% 4.4% 3.6%

Imports (goods and services) 10.1% -1.8% 8.8% 8.7% 8.0% 16.5% 11.3% 9.1% 6.9% 4.9%

Net exports of goods and services

(million EUR) -7 663 -6 823 -1 119 -662 -996 -1 579 -3 988 -6 515 -8 539 -10 097

Unemployment rate 7.2 6.8 7.1 6.8 6.8 5.9 4.9 4.3 4.2 4.1

Current account balance -5.0 -4.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -2.1 -3.2 -4.3 -4.5 -4.7

General government balance -5.4 -3.7 -2.2 -1.3 -0.7 -2.9 -2.9 -3.3 -3.4 -4.7

General government gross debt 34.2 37.0 37.6 39.2 37.8 37.3 35.1 35.1 36.0 38.2

Updated: June 2019 Data for 2019 and 2020 are forecasts

Source: European Commission, Eurostat and Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs

GDP

% change over previous period

% of total employment

% of GDP

4

Romania

3.1. AGRICULTURE: FINANCIAL ASPECTS

CAP expenditure

Distribution of CAP expenditure

2018

1 000 EUR % of total % of heading

Decoupled direct aids 1 318 689 44.0% 74.3%

Other direct aids 439 548 14.7% 24.8%

Additional amounts of aid 0 0.0% 0.0%

Reimbursement of direct aids in

relation to financial discipline 16 3290.5% 0.9%

Direct payments 1 774 566 59.2% 100.0%

Olive oil 0 0.0% 0.0%

Textile plants 0 0.0% 0.0%

Fruit and vegetables 4 410 0.1% 12.3%

Wine sector 16 583 0.6% 46.1%

Promotion 271 0.0% 0.8%

Other plant products/measures 0 0.0% 0.0%

Milk and milk products 4 700 0.2% 13.1%

Beef and veal 0 0.0% 0.0%

Sheepmeat and goatmeat 0 0.0% 0.0%

Pigmeat, eggs, poultry and other 3 542 0.1% 9.9%

School schemes* 6 451 0.2% 17.9%

Market measures 35 957 1.2% 100%

Rural development 1 184 725 39.6% 100%

TOTAL 2 995 248 100.0%

Measures2018

Note: Expenditure in commitments for direct payments and market measures; ceilings of support for rural development.

Source: European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development

* Programme implementation based on school years; reimbursement possible in the next financial year

59.2%

70.9%

1.2%

4.6%

39.6%

24.5%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Romania EU-28

Direct payments Market measures Rural development

5

Romania

3.2. AGRICULTURE: FINANCIAL ASPECTS

Distribution of direct aids to the producers

x 1 000 % of total x 1 000 % of total

< 0 € 0.19 0.02% - 103 0.0%

≥ 0 and < 500 € 491.25 58.17% 145 350 8.6%

≥ 500 and < 1 250 € 221.09 26.18% 165 703 9.8%

≥ 1 250 and < 2 000 € 48.03 5.69% 75 468 4.5%

≥ 2 000 and < 5 000 € 42.40 5.02% 129 824 7.7%

≥ 5 000 and < 10 000 € 18.72 2.22% 132 252 7.8%

≥ 10 000 and < 20 000 € 10.59 1.25% 149 796 8.9%

≥ 20 000 and < 50 000 € 7.50 0.89% 231 789 13.7%

≥ 50 000 and < 100 000 € 2.66 0.32% 184 714 10.9%

≥ 100 000 and < 150 000 € 0.93 0.11% 112 952 6.7%

≥ 150 000 and < 200 000 € 0.41 0.05% 69 771 4.1%

≥ 200 000 and < 250 000 € 0.26 0.03% 56 666 3.4%

≥ 250 000 and < 300 000 € 0.14 0.02% 38 546 2.3%

≥ 300 000 and < 500 000 € 0.20 0.02% 74 668 4.4%

≥ 500 000 € 0.12 0.01% 122 942 7.3%

Total 844.48 100% 1 690 338 100%

Note: In order to protect the anonymity of the beneficiaries, numbers less than 10 have been made invisible in this table .

Size-class of aid

(all direct payments)

Financial year 2017

Beneficiaries Payments in EUR

Source: European Commission, Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development.

* Figures for financial year 2018 will become available during the second half o f 2019.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

0 -<0.5

0.5 -<1.25

1.25 -<2

2 - <5 5 -<10

10 -<20

20 -<50

50 -<100

100 -<150

150 -<200

200 -<250

250 -<300

300 -<500

>=500

Indicative figures on the distribution of direct aid by size-class of aid(1 000 EUR)

Beneficiaries Payments

6

Romania

4.1. AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC ACCOUNTS

Agricultural output

2016 2017

Million EUR % of total % of EU-28

Cereals: 3080 3520 4059 27.5% 9.3%

Wheat and spelt 1063 1248 1237 8% 6%

Rye and meslin 3 3 4 0% 0%

Barley 288 281 278 2% 3%

Oats and summer

cereal mixtures65 68 45 0% 4%

Grain maize 1620 1875 2445 17% 25%

Rice 9 8 8 0% 1%

Other cereals 31 36 43 0% 3%

Industrial crops: 1196 1563 1479 10.0% 8.3%

Oil seeds and

oleaginous fruits 1089 1353 1328 9% 13%

Protein crops 42 147 93 1% 7%

Raw tobacco 2 1 1 0% 0%

Sugar beet 26 29 22 0% 1%

Other industrial crops 37 32 35 0% 1%

Forage plants 1112.2 1139.8 1232.7 8.3% 6.2%

Vegetables and

horticultural products1774.6 1894.4 2223.7 15.0% 4.2%

Potatoes 722.4 766.3 719.4 4.9% 6.5%

Fruits 879.3 919.6 1251.0 8.5% 4.5%

Wine 200 277 324 2% 1%

Olive oil 0 0 0 0% 0%

Other crop products 16 32 21 0% 1%

Crop output 8980.2 10112.7 11309.1 76.5% 5.5%

Animals: 1 614 1 666 1 680 11.4% 2%

Cattle 293 252 258 1.7% 1%

Pigs 708 810 819 5.5% 2%

Equines 14 27 18 0.1% 2%

Sheep and goats 171 167 179 1.2% 3%

Poultry 428 410 405 2.7% 2%

Other animals 0 0 1 0.0% 0%

Animal products: 1 762 1 843 1 797 12.2% 3%

Milk 890 934 826 5.6% 2%

Eggs 599 601 630 4.3% 7%

Other animal products 273 309 341 2.3% 14%

Animal output 3 375 3 509 3 477 23.5% 2%

Agricultural goods

output12 356 13 622 14 786 100.0% 4%

2018

Million EUR

Output components

(constant prices)

Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real producer prices). Updated: June 2019

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Romania

Agricultural input

Agricultural income


2016 2017 2018 2017/2016 2018/2017

Seeds and planting stock 700.0 600.1 1 019.8 -14.3% 69.9%

Energy 1 677.1 1 626.3 1 907.3 -3.0% 17.3%

Fertilisers and soil improvers 584.2 586.8 493.6 0.4% -15.9%

Plant protection products 271.8 284.8 364.6 4.8% 28.0%

Veterinary expenses 251.2 212.7 266.1 -15.3% 25.1%

Feedingstuffs 2 216.3 2 315.3 2 384.4 4.5% 3.0%

Maintenance of materials 430.3 699.2 738.7 62.5% 5.6%

Maintenance of buildings 108.8 89.6 107.6 -17.7% 20.2%

Agricultural services 179.0 179.7 222.2 0.4% 23.7%

Other goods and services 1 505.0 1 599.2 1 777.7 6.3% 11.2%

Total intermediate consumption 7 953.1 8 221.6 9 308.4 3.4% 13.2%

Fixed capital consumption 2 065.5 2 266.5 2 319.8 9.7% 2.4%

Input components

Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture: values at real basic prices (2010 = 100)

Updated: June 2019

Million EUR % Change

Note: 2018 data are estimates and may still change.

2016 2017 2018 2017/2016 2018/2017

Output of the agricultural "industry": 13 791.6 14 916.2 16 093.2 8.2% 7.9%

Crop output 8 980.2 10 112.7 11 309.1 12.6% 11.8%

Animal output: 3 375.4 3 509.5 3 477.1 4.0% -0.9%

Animals 1 613.7 1 666.0 1 679.8 3.2% 0.8%

Animal products 1 761.7 1 843.4 1 797.4 4.6% -2.5%

Agricultural services 179.0 179.7 222.2 0.4% 23.7%

Secondary activities 1 257.1 1 114.3 1 084.7 -11.4% -2.7%

- Intermediate consumption 7 953.1 8 221.6 9 308.4 3.4% 13.2%

= Gross value added at basic prices 5 838.5 6 694.6 6 784.8 14.7% 1.3%

- Consumption of fixed capital 2 065.5 2 266.5 2 319.8 9.7% 2.4%

- Taxes 19.7 18.8 17.7 -4.4% -6.1%

+ Subsidies 2 347.0 2 168.4 1 986.3 -7.6% -8.4%

= Factor income 6 100.4 6 577.6 6 433.5 7.8% -2.2%

Agricultural income* (2010=100) 120.5 136.6 137.1 13.4% 0.4%

Values at basic prices

Updated: June 2019

Million EUR % Change

Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real prices; constant prices for *Indicator A - see definition at the end of this document).

Note: 2018 data are estimates and may still change.

8

Romania


Output components (2016-2018 average)

Intermediate consumption (2016-2018 average)

Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real producer prices)Updated: June 2019

Source: Eurostat, Economic Accounts for Agriculture (values at real basic price)Updated: June 2019

Cereals; 26.1%Industrial

crops; 10.4%

Forage plants; 8.5%

Vegetables and horticultural

products; 14.5%

Potatoes; 5.4%

Fruits; 7.5%

Wine; 2.0%Cattle; 2.0%

Pigs; 5.7%

Sheep and goats; 1.3%

Poultry; 3.0%

Milk; 6.5%

Eggs; 4.5%

Other; 2.6%

Seeds and planting stock; 9.1%

Energy, lubricants; 20.4%

Fertiliser, soil improver; 6.5%

Plant protection products; 3.6%

Veterinary expenses; 2.9%

Feedingstuffs; 27.1%

Maintenance of materials; 7.3%

Maintenance of buildings; 1.2% Agricultural services;

2.3%

Other; 19.5%

9

Romania

(*) The so-called indicator A is the real net value added at factor cost of agriculture per annual work unit (AWU). The net value addedat factor cost (factor income) is calculated by subtracting the consumption of fixed capital from gross value added at basic prices andadding the value of subsidies less taxes. The AWU is defined as the work volume corresponding to one full-time employed worked.


Evolution of agricultural labour input

Evolution of agricultural income (*) compared to wages and salaries in other sectors of the economy

Source: Eurostat Updated: June 2019

0

500

1 000

1 500

2 000

2 500

1 0

00

AW

U

non-salaried salaried


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Index fig

ure

(2010=

100)

Agricultural income (Indicator A) (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Industry (2010=100)

Wages and salary index - Construction (2010=100) Wages and salary index - Services (2010=100)

10

Romania


Evolution of agricultural input and output prices

Evolution of harmonised indices of consumer prices



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Index fig

ure

(2010=

100)

Input prices (intermediate consumption) Output prices

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Index fig

ure

(2015=

100)

all items food

11

Romania


Farmers' income and labour development index (real terms)

Source: Eurostat and DG Agriculture and Rural Development Updated: June 2019

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Ind

ex

fig

ure

(2

01

0=

10

0)

Agricultural income (Indicator A) (2010=100) Annual Work Units (Thousand AWU)

12

Romania


Agricultural income (real prices)


20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

30 000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Crop output Animal output Product subsidies Other subsidies

Agricultural services output Non-agricultural secondary Seeds Energy

Fertilisers Plant/animal protection Feedingstuffs Labour

Rents Interest Other costs Entrepreneurial income

million Euro

Revenues

Costs

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2004-2006 2016-2018

Cost Structure

Plant/animal protection Other costs

Taxes Interest

Rents LabourFeedingstuffs Energy

Fertilisers Seeds

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2004-2006 2016-2018

Revenue Structure

Non-agricultural secondary

Agricultural services output

Other subsidies

Product subsidies

Animal output

Crop output

13

Romania

Agricultural trade in 2018

5.1. AGRICULTURAL TRADE

Total trade

Million EUR Million EUR% change

2018/2017 Million EUR% change

2018/2017

Commodities 3838.9 2365.1 13.8% 1473.8 -5.11%

Other primary products 972.4 714.6 7.3% 257.8 -32.71%

Processed products 318.7 291.8 13.2% 26.9 9.46%

Food preparations 472.9 373.2 1.9% 99.6 -1.95%

Beverages 119.1 90.2 31.2% 28.9 1.83%

Non edible 789.0 676.3 -17.7% 112.7 31.89%

Total agricultural products 6511.0 4511.1 5.9% 1999.9 -8.12%

as % of total exports 9.7% 8.7% 12.9%

Commodities 1553.4 1059.0 -5.1% 494.4 -7.8%

Other primary products 2321.2 2037.7 4.3% 283.0 5.9%

Processed products 993.2 922.0 11.3% 71.2 25.9%

Food preparations 1590.6 1435.6 11.1% 155.0 4.1%

Beverages 378.3 349.3 17.7% 29.0 8.8%

Non edible 792.3 574.3 -14.6% 218.0 12.4%

Total agricultural products 7629.0 6377.9 3.5% 1250.6 1.71%

as % of total imports 9.2% 10.3% 6.0%

Commodities 2285.5 1306.1 979.4

Other primary products -1348.8 -1323.2 -25.1

Processed products -674.5 -630.2 -44.3

Food preparations -1117.7 -1062.3 -55.3

Beverages -259.2 -259.1 -0.1

Non edible -3.3 102.0 -105.2

Total agricultural products -1118.0 -1866.7 749.3

Updated: June 2019Source: Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development, based on COM EXT data

Balance

By category of productTrade with EU countries Trade with non-EU countries

Exports

Imports

79%69%

21%31%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2009 2018

Exports of agricultural products

to EU countries to non-EU countries

82% 84%

18% 16%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2009 2018

Imports of agricultural products

from EU countries from non-EU countries

14

Romania

Evolution of agricultural trade with EU and non-EU countries

5.2. AGRICULTURAL TRADE

Source: Eurostat, Comext Updated: June 2019

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

10 000

8 000

6 000

4 000

2 000

0

2 000

4 000

6 000

8 000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Million EUR

Exports to non-EU countries Exports to EU countries

Imports from non-EU countries Imports from EU countries

Balance with EU countries (right axis) Balance with non-EU countries (right axis)

Ex

po

rts

Im

po

rts

52%

74%

17%

40%

16%

13%

32%

23%

6%

1%

14%

6%

8%

5%

23% 12%

2%

1%

5%

2%

15%

6% 9%17%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Exports to EUcountries

Exports to non-EUcountries

Imports from EUcountries

Imports from non-EUcountries

Commodities Other primary products Processed products Food preparations Beverages Non edible products

Structure of agricultural exports and imports

15

Romania

Structure of agricultural holdings

(*) UAA = Utilised agricultural area.

(**) Economic size: The standard output of an agricultural product (crop or livestock), abbreviated as SO, is the average monetaryvalue of the agricultural output at farm-gate price, in euro per hectare or per head of livestock.There is a regional SO coefficient for each product, as an average value over a reference period (5 years, except for the SO 2004coefficient calculated using the average of 3 years). The sum of all the SO per hectare of crop and per head of livestock in a farm isa measure of its overall economic size, expressed in euro.

(***) LSU = Livestock units. A LSU is equivalent to a dairy cow. The number of animals (heads) is converted into LSU using a set ofcoefficients reflecting the feed requirements of the different animal categories.

6.1. FARM STRUCTURE

Total % Total %

< 5 ha 3 593 830 93.1% 3 140 770 91.8%

5-10 ha 182 440 4.7% 194 200 5.7%

10-20 ha 43 610 1.1% 50 210 1.5%

20-30 ha 9 730 0.3% 10 990 0.3%

30-50 ha 8 210 0.2% 7 530 0.2%

50-100 ha 7 480 0.2% 6 010 0.2%

> 100 ha 13 730 0.4% 12 310 0.4%

< 4 000 € 3 418 930 88.6% 2 895 780 84.6%

< 8 000 € 313 000 8.1% 340 280 9.9%

< 15 000 € 78 460 2.0% 114 160 3.3%

< 25 000 € 22 240 0.6% 35 630 1.0%

< 50 000 € 13 370 0.3% 19 490 0.6%

< 100 000 € 6 450 0.2% 7 730 0.2%

< 250 000 € 4 120 0.1% 5 180 0.2%

< 500 000 € 1 450 0.0% 2 180 0.1%

=/> 500 000 € 1 010 0.0% 1 610 0.0%

0 1 032 420 26.8% 861 800 25.2%

0-5 2 688 710 69.7% 2 430 100 71.0%

5-10 88 150 2.3% 75 380 2.2%

10-15 19 430 0.5% 19 490 0.6%

15-20 9 460 0.2% 11 020 0.3%

20-50 15 680 0.4% 18 790 0.5%

50-100 3 530 0.1% 3 940 0.1%

100-500 1 350 0.0% 1 240 0.0%

> 500 310 0.0% 270 0.0%

< 35 years 280 440 7.3% 105 590 3.1%

35-44 years 609 610 15.8% 399 850 11.7%

45-54 years 636 370 16.5% 632 780 18.5%

55-64 years 868 910 22.5% 765 450 22.4%

> 64 years 1 463 720 37.9% 1 515 570 44.3%

not applicable : : 2 800 0.1%

3 859 050 100% 3 422 040 100%

13 306 12 503

3.4 3.7

Holdings2010 2016

By UAA (*)

By economic

size (**)

By LSU (***)

Total

UAA in 1 000 ha

UAA (ha) per holding

By age of holder

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Glossary:Economic_size

16

Romania

Structure of farm labour force

* AWUs = Annual work units. An AWU is equivalent to a worker employed on a full time basis for one year.

6.2. FARM STRUCTURE

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Contact: DG Agriculture and Rural Development, Farm Economics Unit

Tel: +32-2-29 75471 / E-mail: [email protected]

persons: 5 980 250

of which women: 48.3%

AWUs (*): 1 480 400 AWUs: 59 080

Holders Family members

Regular non

family labour

force

Non regular non

family labour

force

persons: persons: persons:

3 395 930 2 584 320 not yet available

of which women: of which women: of which women:

33.8% 67.4% not yet available

AWUs: AWUs: AWUs: AWUs:

828 220 652 180 59 080 100 640

not yet available

1 640 120

Updated: June 2019Source: Eurostat, Farm Structure Survey

2016

Family labour force Non family labour force

Total farm labour force (persons)

Total farm labour force (AWUs)

Data not available

Data not available

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