Understanding Video Technology Week 2€¦ · Understanding Video Technology Week 2 Today’s Aims •Present you with an overview of international Video Standards •Review last

Understanding Video Technology Week 2

Today’s Aims • Present you with an overview of international Video Standards • Review last week’s session questions • Set this week’s homework • Review blog progress

Outcomes • You will be able to recall, name, describe and evaluate international video standards and their technical components • You will gain experience in secondary research and group presentation • You will practice ICT through effective blogging and presentation design


Reminders • Get your WordPress blog sorted ASAP

• My blog is gctvfilm.wordpress.com

• Homework must be in by following Thursday 12 noon

• Homework submitted late will not be marked.. This will directly affect your final grade. A whole week for 5 questions is more than enough time.

• Email your answers to [email protected]

• Subject – (Your Name) Week 2 UVT Answers


Week One 1. Explain the purpose of an ND filter. 2. Why does a faster shu:er make movement more detailed? 3. What does the zebra do? 4. Explain why you need to carry out a White Balance. 5. Why is FireWire handy on a DV Camera?

Understanding Video Technology Week 2 Video Standards



Display Aspect Ratio (DAR)
















4:3


4:3

4 units

3 units


16:9

16 Units

9 units


16:9 and 4:3 together



4:3

16:9

Assuming 16:9 HD is the video standard we’re working to.



Option 1: Pillarboxing



Option 2: Zooming



Option 3: Stretching



Option 4: Pillarboxing with blur.


PAL


PAL

SD

Phase Alternating Line European for standard definition 576i in 4:3

576 lines


NTSC


NTSC

SD

•  National Television System Committee •  US for standard definition •  480i in 4:3

480 lines


HD


HD

16 Units

9 units

• Always in 16:9 • Standards the same worldwide • 720p or 1080i/p


HD

?

720 pixels

• Always in 16:9 • Standards the same worldwide • 720p or 1080i/p

1080 pixels

?


i and p


i = interlaced

p= progressive


Interlaced


Interlaced

At 25 fps interlaced video is updated 50 half frames per second That is 50i


Interlaced

• Only good for TV • Will produce combing on LCD monitors • Renders an image all odd lines then all even lines • Makes things look VIDEO and not FILMIC • 1080 50i is an HD standard for European TV


Interlaced

•  Combing •  Jaggies •  Problem occurs when Interlaced footage is shown on LCD screens and monitors


Deinterlacing

•  Process of blending the odd and even fields of an interlaced video. • All NLEs have an option to deinterlace


Deinterlacing

•  Gets rid of jaggies (combing) •  Enables interlaced footage to be used on computer monitors • Deinterlaced footage usually appears more filmic and less home videoey.


Progressive


Progressive

• All films are progressive – one photo after another. • 720p is an HD standard used in broadcast • A progressive video records and displays the entire frame at once

• 1080p is the best available HD home format


Frame Rates


Frame Rates UK

PAL DV = 25fps

720p25 = 25 prog fps

1080i50 = 50 inter fps

1080p50 = 50 prog fps

Frame Rates US

NTSC DV = 30fps

720p30 = 30 prog fps

1080i60 = 60 inter fps

1080p60 = 60 prog fps

Worldwide Film = 24fps


Pixel Aspect Ratio (PAR)


Pixel Aspect Ratio

HD/Computers 1:1


Pixel Aspect Ratio

HD/Computers 1:1 Square Pixel


Pixel Aspect Ratio


PAL TV 1:107

NTSC TV 1:0.9 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ke9QzHGhF6w


Pixel Aspect Ratio

One small HD complication


Pixel Aspect Ratio


1080i has 2 standards:

1920x1080 – THE standard

1440x1080 – HDV

Both have a 16:9 DAR


Pixel Aspect Ratio


1080i has 2 standards:

1920x1080 – THE standard

1440x1080 – HDV

Both have a 16:9 DAR but the 1440’s pixels are stretched out.


Pixel Aspect Ratio

1440x1080 with square pixels

This is not 16:9 DAR This is 16:9 DAR

1440x1080 with rectangular pixels


Pixel Aspect Ratio


PAL TV 1:107

NTSC TV 1:0.9

HDV 1:1.33


Future HD

4320 pixels


Research and Present

• Research another Video standard and give me its technical specifications (it’s used in France). • 1080i or 720p – which is best? • Differentiate Display Aspect Ratio and Pixel Aspect Ratio • Explain deinterlacing and why we need to do it • How does NTSC technically differ from PAL and how does the UK show NTSC programmes? • Tell us all why progressive will eventually win NB – cite your sources – Wikipedia is OK but use specialist forums and resource sites. Give us all a good show.









Documents

Understanding Video Technology Week 2€¦ · Understanding Video Technology Week 2 Today’s Aims •Present you with an overview of international Video Standards •Review last