Understanding Tibet in Time and Space UROP China Project Group
Slide 2 OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Natural Resources 3. Population
4. Culture and Education 5. Economy 6. Environment 7. Data Sources
Slide 3 1. Introduction Slide 4 1.1 Tibets Landscape Tibet the Last
Clean Land on the Earth Slide 5 1.2 Tibets Location Tibet is in
plateau region and located at the west of Yangtze river watershed
It is home to indigenous Tibetan and people from other 43 ethnic
groups Slide 6 1.3 Some Facts about Tibet Language Tibetic Language
with numerous dialects Area size 12.284 million sq meters
Population 2.81 million at the end of 2006 Capital City Lhasa
Religion Tibetan Buddhism Islam Elevation Average 4,900 meters
(app. 16,000 ft) Slide 7 Elevation and Yangtze Watershed Slide 8
1.4 Tibets History In 1700s and 1800s, the Chinese government
appointed Ambans, or Residents, as the Tibet Governors In 1914,
Simla Convention signed by Tibet and British India with Tibet as an
autonomous region of China, which, however, has never been accepted
by the Chinese government Before 1950, political and religious
power was centralized in the hand of the DalaiLama, with the best
agricultural land of Tibet controlled by Lamaist monasteries In
1950, the new Chinese government took control of Tibet In 1954,
China and India signed a treaty that accepted Chinese sovereignty
in Tibet In 1959, 14 th Dalai Lama Fled to India after Lhasa
Rebellion was suppressed by the Chinese government In 1979, China
opened Tibet to foreign tourists On July 1st, 2006, Qing-Zang
railway (1956 km) started the operation -Largely Isolated from
other parts of China until the1950s -Has never been recognized by
any country as an independent state (Veek, Pannell, Smith and
Huang, 2008. Chinas Geography) Slide 9 Changes in Geography:
Qing-Zang Railway (Xining) (Qinghai Lake) (Gomud) (Mt.Kunlun)
(Budongquan) (Wudaolian) (Tuotuo River) (Mt.Tanggula) (Anduo)
(Naqiu) (Dangxiong) (Lhasa) (Yangbajin) (Kekexili) (Tuotuo River)
(Nam Lake) (Mt. Nianqingtanggula) 1.5 Changes in Tibet Slide 10 2.
Natural Resources Slide 11 2.1 Rich in Natural Resources Tibet has
Worlds greatest alpine plants Plateau-dwelling wild animals Prime
source of Asia's great rivers Loftiest mountains World's most
extensive plateau Ancient forests Deep untouched valleys Slide 12
2.2 Land Resources by Prefectures Prefecture Arable land Forest
land Natural pasture Barren land Area%Area%Area%Area
Lhasa55.5315.4101.330.82 117.793.27502.24 Changdu72.1820.022
976.7023.537 061.0710.92 886.00 Shannan63.7417.683 059.4924.183
187.514.921 188.25 Shigatse135.5237.59219.971.7412 617.1419.474
208.52 Naqu6.021.67220.91.7520 858.0832.1916 602.11 Ali1.760.490016
906.7626.099 084.19 Linzhi25.87.166 073.6148.012 048.383.162 531.72
Tibet in total360.5610012 651.9810064 796.7210037 003.03 Slide 13
2.3 Spatial Distribution of Natural Resource Slide 14 3. Population
Slide 15 3.1 Population of Tibet Total population : approximately
2.81 million in 2006 Population Density : 2.03 people per sq km in
average Age Distribution: 31.2% (0-14 years old), 64% (14-65 years
old), 4.8% (65- above) Dependency Ratio : 56.1% (Yangtze River
average = 44.2%) Annual Population Growth: 11.7 , with birth rate
of 17.4 and death rate of 5.7 in 2006 Agricultural Population:
91.6%, highest among Yangtze River regions Urban Population: 8.4%,
lowest among Yangtze River regions Slide 16 Total Population by
Counties Population Per County of Tibet in 2000 (Unit: Person)
Slide 17 Slide 18 3.2 Natural Population Growth Slide 19 3.3
Population Changes of Tibet Slide 20 4. Culture and Education Slide
21 4.1 Tibetan Ethnicity Consists of 44 ethnic groups: 93% Tibetan
( 6.1% Han % of ethnic population in Tibet among all of their
population in China : 95% Monba ( 91% Lhoba ( 45% Tibetan Slide 22
4.2 Tibet Religion Bn Tibetan Buddhism Nyingma Kagyu Sakya Gelug
Tibetan Muslims (Kachee) , ,1447- Tashilhunpo Monastery, Shigatse
Tangka Slide 23 4.3 Education All expenses of boarding schools up
to 9 years education are covered by the government Slide 24 Slide
25 Average Years at Schools by Counties Average years at schools
per county of Tibet in 2000 (Unit: Year) Slide 26 Illiterate
Population for Age 15 and Over Illiterate population for age 15 and
over per county of Tibet in 2000 (Unit: Year) Slide 27 5. Economy
Slide 28 5.1 Economic Development Slide 29 5.2 Industry of Tibet
Modern industries in Tibet were close to non-existent prior to 1950
Industrial development finally surfaced in the late 1950s with the
opening of several factories in Lhasa and the establishment of a
hydroelectric power facility By 1980, the economy was centered
around tourism and agricultural industries Has seen gradual
industrial growth during the late 20 th Century, but still is one
of the least prosperous provinces in China Slide 30 5.3 Agriculture
of Tibet Limited, but developing forestry Important crops Barley
Wheat Beans Dairy Products Slide 31 Agricultural Regions Employed
population in Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery per
county of Tibet in 2000 (Unit: Person) Slide 32 Agricultural Output
Slide 33 6. Environment Slide 34 6.1 Environmental Impact The
increase in passenger traffic will result in greater tourism and
economic activity on the Tibetan Plateau. The railway would make
coal, which is not produced in Tibet, an affordable replacement.
However, the increase in fuel combustion due to increased human
activity in an already-thin atmosphere may affect the long term
health of the local population. Slide 35 6.2 Environmental Concerns
Grassland Degradation Endangered Wildlife Deforestation Potential
Water Pollution Slide 36 ENDANGERED BIRDS Tibetan eared phesant
Snow patridge Sclaters monal pheasant Tibetan snowcock Satyr
tragopan Black crane Red-headed trogon Koslow bunting Calandra lark
Blyths Tragopan Wood snipe Rufous-necked hornbill Black-tailed
godwit Golden eagle Saker falcon Spoonbill Brahminy kite Tibetan
patridege Tibetan sand grouse Slide 37 ENDANGERED MAMMALS OF TIBET
Rhesus macaque Shou (Red Deer) Snow leopard Himalayan Tahr Black
bear Goral Kyang (Tibetan wild ass) Lynx Tibetan Argali Sheep Takin
Tibetan Antelope Otter Tibetan Wild Yak Blue-sheep (bhharal) Ibex
Red panda Siberian Tiger White-lipped Deer Slide 38 6.3 Global
Climatic Effects Tibet influences the global weather pattern by
affecting the flow of jet streams over the Tibetan Plateau. Loss of
forest and grassland cover of the plateau will affect pacific
typhoons and also cause the El Nino effect which altogether affect
the weather pattern of Europe, North America, Peru, India and
China. Slide 39 Challenges under Global Changes Cultural diversity
Biological diversity Globalization of economy Technology innovation
Climate changes Slide 40 7. Data Sources Slide 41 7.1 Data Sources
for Tibet Studies Government Statistics Survey Data (rural, urban,
enterprise, market) Census Data (population, basic units,
agriculture) GIS Data (administrative boundaries, roads, rivers,
land, elevation,.) Remote Sensing Data Slide 42 Slide 43 7.2 Tibet
Census Data with GIS Maps - The 2000 Tibet Township Population
Census Data with GIS Maps - The 2000 Tibet County Population Census
Data with GIS maps - The 2000 Tibet Province Population Census Data
with GIS Maps - The Tibet Historical Population Census Data with
GIS Maps (1953, 1964, 1982, 1990, 2000) - Tibet 2000 Population
Data with One sq km GIS Maps - Tibet 2004 Economic Census Data with
ZIP Maps Slide 44 Slide 45 7.3 Population and Economic Census Data
7.3 Population and Economic Census Data > 2,000 demographic
variables in 2000 population Census 2000 Population Census: General
Information Nationalities Age Structure Household Structure
Education Fertility Deaths Marriage Migration Housing Status
Industries and Occupations Geographical Levels: Country | Province
| Prefecture | County | Township | 1 sq km Grid 2004 Economic
Census: Employment Revenue Industries Products Ownerships Slide 46
Slide 47 7.4 Historical Population Census Data
(1953,1962,1982,1990,2000) Census 1953 Census 1982 Census 2000
Census 1962 Census 1990 Slide 48 7.5 China Data Online Tibet
STATISTICS Monthly Statistics National Statistics Provincial
Statistics City Statistics County Statistics Industrial Data
Statistics on Map Statistical Yearbooks CENSUS DATA Economic Census
Data Industrial Census Data Population Census (82,90,00,05) Slide
49 http://Chinadatacenter.org http://Chinadataonline.org Slide 50
References Veek, Pannell, Smith and Huang. 2008. Chinas Geography,
Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Tibet: The Truth (video)
Tibet: The Truth www.wikipedia.org www.chinadataonline.org
www.cnn.com www.yahoo.co.kr www.sherig.org www.tchrd.org
www.images.google.com http://www.cctv.com/specials/xizang
http://news.xinhuanet.com Slide 51 Thank You The Participants of
UROP China Project: Jenny ChiuShang Kong Min Ah KimSu Kyung Carson
QingAnnie Su China Data Center, University of Michigan
