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Basics of PHOTOGRAPHY
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ApertureControls the Amount of Light Entering the
Camera Through the Aperture or the Iris of the Camera Lens and Falling on the Camera Sensor.
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Exposure Controlled by 3 Components
Aperture
Shutter Speed
ISO
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ApertureThe aperture of the camera behaves exactly in
the same way the iris of our eyes do.
When there is too much light the iris becomes SMALL or closes up
When there is less light the iris enlarges or OPENS UP
Good Picture – Correct ExposureAperture
Very Sunny - Small iris – Higher the Number
Low Light – iris opens up – Lower the Number
Composition/Framing – Depth of Field
Composition/Framing – Depth of Field
• When the background is out of focus
• For 2 reasons• The focus is on the object in the front• And the Aperture is fully open, ie the light is
low or the light entering the camera is less because of the settings you have chosen.
Composition/Framing – Depth of Field
Depth Of Field
F 22- Deep DoFF 4.2- Shallow DoF
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedThe Speed at which the Shutter of the Camera
Opens and Closes.
It controls the amount of time the light gets to fall on/read by the sensor.
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA High Shutter Speed is Used for
Fast Moving Subjects/Objects
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
High Shutter SpeedA High Shutter Speed is Used for
Fast Moving Subjects/Obj
ects
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
High Shutter SpeedA High Shutter Speed is Used for
Fast Moving Subjects/Obj
ects
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA Slow Shutter Speed is Used
When the Light is LOWOr
When a Blurry Effect is Desired
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA Slow Shutter Speed is Used
When the Light is LOW
OrWhen a Blurry
Effect is Desired
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
Shutter SpeedA Slow Shutter Speed is Used
When the Light is LOW
OrWhen a Blurry
Effect is Desired
For Example – if you speed up your shutter speed one stop (from 1/125th to 1/250th) you’re effectively letting half as much light into your camera. To compensate for this, you’ll need to increase your aperture one stop (from F16 to F11). The other alternative would be to choose a more light sensitive ISO.
Shutter Speed or any of the other variables of exposure cannot be used in isolation
The 3 Elements of Exposure
Good Picture – Correct Exposure
ISOISO helps the camera Sensor to be more or less
sensitive to light.
Usually a Higher ISO is used when the Light is Low.
Note – Higher the ISO, grainier the picture.
The 3 Elements of Exposure ISO
100 ISO 3200 ISO
The 3 Elements of Exposure ISO
The 3 Elements of Exposure ISO
When Choosing the ISO setting ask yourself:
1. LIGHT – Is the subject well lit?2. GRAIN – Do I want a grainy shot or one without noise?3. TRIPOD – Am I using a tripod?4. MOVING Subject – Is my subject moving or stationary?
1. If there is plenty of light, 2. I want little grain, 3. I’m using a tripod and 4. my subject is stationary – I will use a low ISO rating.