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Understand Bay Area Problems
Bay Area Faults
Earth Material
Transportation routes
BART
Landslides
Liquefaction
Flooding
Fires
1906
Kobe, 1995 1989, Loma Prieta
In addition:
• Power outages: (10 days in New Orleans)
• Loss of immediate emergency services
• Loss of local communication
Hayward fault earthquake
• Potential of a M7 earthquake
• 2 ½ million people live in close proximity
• Unconsolidated sediments and bay mud
• Transportation lines• Directly through urban
areas
Catastrophe
• Is partially defined when the disaster is so large that all forms of emergency plans fail
• Innovative and non-linear ideas are needed
• Government cannot always respond in this manner
• Martial law-1906 earthquake
• “Looters” apprehended while victims were without help- Katrina
Katrina
• August-December 16,000 people displaced
• 1000 schools gone
• 41/2 million cubic yards of debris
• 815 million dollars of public assistance
• 10 days for PG&E to reestablish service
• People tend to help each other
• Government is afraid of losing control
• Looters: shoot to kill
Government Assistance-Recovery: 1906 earthquake
Breakfast, March 11th, 1933
2000 Sailors and Marines helped in the aftermath
San Simeon Earthquake
• Mw 6.5
• 12/22/03
• Reverse fault
• Hypocenter: 12 miles
• MM VIII
• 2 fatalities
San Simeon Earthquake
• Declared a state emergency –December 27th
• Federally eligible funds for rental assistance and home repairs- $68 million
• Small business bureau- $5 million
• OES- dealing with Southern Ca firestorm and Homeland Security
• 2500 people visited FEMA centers
San Simeon Earthquake
• Need for Mutual Aid Resources to coordinate money distribution
• Cell-phone compliance with building code
• Improve building codes• URM structures must
post sign warning of danger
Search and Rescue
• Urban Search and Rescue system
• 27 teams• Funded by FEMA• Each team has 62
specialists• medical personnel,
structural engineers, canines
Search and Rescue
• Trained and certified• know how to safely go
into collapsed structures and systematically search an area
• locate trapped people and let the handler know
Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
• A state, local or tribal government shall develop a plan and submit the plan to the Federal government for approval
ABAG’S Local Hazard Mitigation Plan
• Public policies: potential hazards
• Fulfill the requirements of the Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
• Funded by FEMA
Recovery in the United States
• Federal Government-Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency
• State Government- Office of Emergency Services
• Local Government- County and City
Federal Government
• Federal Government-Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency
• President declares the area a national disaster• Distributes emergency money and accepts
applications for low cost loans• May work with up to 28 other federal agencies
– Department of energy– Small business bureau– Department of agriculture
Federal Government
• Provides the initial emergency response through its service agencies
• Activates the Emergency Operations Center and the Emergency Operations Plan
• Coordinates the response with public and private organizations
• Activates mutual aid
State Government
• Reviews and evaluates the local situation
• Determines whether the situation is beyond the capability of the State to handle
• Proclaims a state of emergency
• Requests Federal assistance
State Government
• Office of Emergency Services• Disaster response- gathering of accurate
disaster damage data for the Governor and President
• Recovery- help direct funds and help where needed
• 6 regions• Emergency training
Office of Emergency Services
• San Jose PREPARED
• Local chapter of state agency to provide education, training and support to individuals and emergency response teams
The Red Cross
• Chartered by Congress in 1905
• national and international relief
• disaster relief includes shelter, food, health and mental health services
• assistance is given to help people resume their normal activities
• provides blood
American Red Cross
• Feeds emergency workers
• helps people outside a disaster area obtain information about individuals located within a disaster area
• relies on volunteers
• education and preparation
• responds to more than 67,000 disasters/year
Human impact
Personal messages posted on van
at Emergency Center.
Loma Prieta earthquake, 1989
Photo credit: C.E. Meyer, U.S.
Geological Survey
Recovery: developing countries
• Dependent on international aid: private and government organizations
• Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, 2004
• Pakistan earthquake, 2005
• China earthquake, 2009
• Haiti earthquake, 2010
• Chile earthquake, 2010
Evaluation of Structures
Turning off the gas
• Turn the valve with a wrench or special tool
• The off position shows the valve perpendicular to the pipe
• turn 1/4 of a turn
Personal Preparedness
• Emergency plans• Eliminate non-structural hazards• Prepare emergency supplies: home and
car• Understand possible hazards in Bay
Area depending on location of epicenter• Understand hazards at locations• Understand possible scenarios: work;
school; home• Know what to do when shaking ends
Thank-you, for a great semester!
• Know where the nearest fault is at home, work or school
• Be aware of the surroundings, at all times• Have an emergency route planned back to
home before the earthquake occur• Communicate an emergency plan with family
members or roommates• Have food, water and medical supplies on
hand• Best wishes to survive the next earthquake!