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U N D E RC OV E R C H E AT I N G
BLOOD DOPING
BLOOD DOPING
• Illicit method of improving athletic performance by artificially boosting the blood’s ability to bring more oxygen to muscles
TYPES OF BLOOD DOPING
• Blood Transfusions• 2 types of transfusions
• Injections of erythropoietin (EPO)
TYPES:BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
Autologous Transfusions
• Athlete’s own blood
• Drawn and stored for later use
Homologous Transfusions
• Athletes use the blood of someone else with the same blood type
RISKS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
• Risk of infection
• Potential toxicity
• Homologous- greater risk of contracting an infectious disease
TYPES:EPO INJECTIONS
• EPO= erythropoietin
• Secreted by kidneys to regulate production of red blood cells
• Pharmaceutical product
RISKS OF EPO INJECTIONS
• Thicker blood
• Greater strain on heart
DETECTION OF BLOOD DOPING
• Search of athlete’s homes and team facilities
• Blood/urine test
TRANSFUSION DETECTION
Autologous Transfusions
• No current detection method
• World Anti Doping Agency
• Indirect methods
Homologous Transfusions
• Been in use since 2000
• Fluorescent-Activated Cell Sorting
EPO DETECTION
• EPO undetectable
• Very controversial
PREVENTATIVE MEASURES
• “Blood Passports”
ARE THERE “BENEFITS”?
• Increased endurance
• Benefits long exercises
• Improves performance
• Avoids oxygen depletion
NEGATIVE EFFECTS
• Heart attack• Stroke• Blood disorders• Blood contaminations• Pulmonary embolisms• Lung injury• Bacterial infections• Death
MILITARY USE
• U.S. Special Forces
• Australian Defense Forces
• “All is fair in love and war”
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• "Blood Doping - World Anti-Doping Agency." World Anti-Doping Agency. WADA, Sept. 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.
• "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Mar. 2012. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.
• "What Is Blood Doping? Everything You Need To Know About EPO And Other Performance-Enhancing Drugs Lance Armstrong
Says He Used." International Business Times. IBT Media Inc., 18 Jan. 2013. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.
• "What Is Blood Doping?" What Is Blood Doping? Science and Industry Against Blood Doping Research, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.