Unconventional Rod Nelson Schlumberger IPAA 75 th Annual Meeting Oct 28, 2004

Unconventional

Rod Nelson

Schlumberger

IPAA 75th Annual Meeting Oct 28, 2004

2 IPAA 75th Annual Meeting

What is Conventional?

• Finding and producing oil and gas at “great” depths?

• Producing hydrocarbons safely in “deep” water?

• Drilling extended reach horizontal wells?

• Purposely producing coal bed methane?

• Isn’t it only Unconventional until we understand things better?


Unconventional Thinking

• Creating an unconventional team to look at an old problem

• Work on the right wells

• Understanding the reservoir at a whole new level

• Finding novel ways or smarter places to apply new or existing technology


Can we Apply Better Engineering to Work on the Right Wells?

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Historical Development Plot Shows When Wells Were Drilled and Quality of Wells

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Ga

s B

est 1

2 [M

cf/m

on

th]

Gas DOFP


Historical Re-Work Wells Identified

1970

1975

1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

2005

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Ga

s D

ate

at B

eg

inn

ing

of B

est 1

2

DOFP vs Date at Best Year Gas (all wells)DOFP vs Date at Best Year Gas (all wells)

Gas DOFP


Quickly Highlight Better and Poorer Parts of the Study Area

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

Best yearMcf/month

•Dry Holes


Depletion Indicator Map

New wells worse than old wells

New wells better than old wells


Re-Frac Candidate Identification— a Better Workflow

BHP Plot

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

Treating Pressure (JobData)

Slurry Rate (JobData)

Proppant Conc (JobData)

Treating Pressure

BHP (PropFRAC)

BHP (Calculated)

Time (min)

Pre

ssu

re (

ps

i)

+

+

ACL Proppant Concentration Contour

lb/ft2

3.70 3.33 2.96 2.59 2.22 1.85 1.48 1.11 0.74 0.37 0.00

0 500 1000 1500 2000

Time (days)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

Oil/

Wa

ter

Ra

tes

0

500

1000

1500

2000

Ga

s Ra

tes

qg (Mscf/d)

qg Data (Mscf/d)

ProCADE*

*Mark of Schlumberger

Single Layer Forecast: Rates vs Time

Oil & Gas CompanyExampleSLF.

Post fracturepressure-historymatch provides anestimate of fracturegeometry

Transient productionanalysis providesan estimate of fracgeometry and permeability

Productionsimulator confirmstransient analysisand estimates re-frac potential

Re-Frac

Fracture treatmentdesigned to achieveproduction improvement


Understanding Tight Reservoirs—at a New Level

• Can we get pressure measurements where we could not before?

• Can we reduce the risk of tool sticking and minimize operating time?

• Can we avoid fracturing depleted zones and maximize the production and value of the treatment dollars?


We Can and in One Run in The Hole

The PressureXpress service

– is combinable with almost all Schlumberger openhole services

– measures reservoir pressure and fluid mobilities, even those as lowas 0.01 mD/cp.

The PressureXpress Advisor* grades zones according to their suitability for testing using Platform Express log data.

PressureXpress Advisor


PressureXpress in Tight Gas

• Tight gas reservoir, South Texas

• PressureXpress was combined with

the Platform Express and CMR-Plus* logging tools to identify depleted zones

• 8 successful pressure tests out of 8 attempted

• Mobilities ranging from 0.01–2.85 mD/cp

46 seconds

“Significant savings in rig and testing times … excellent tool for high-density drilling areas. I can get pressures from low-perm gas (zones) that I would never have attempted before.”


PressureXpress Optimizes Completion

• Depleted reservoir with high overbalance

• Well penetrated 10 producing zones

• 56 successful pressure tests out of 58 attempted

• Mobilities ranging from 0.01–14.5 mD/cp

• PressureXpress and Platform Express data used as input for PowerSTIM* fracturing design

• Fracture stimulation optimized to 4 stages

• Production increased 50% compared to similar wells in which pressure data was not obtained

DepletedZones

Normalpressure gradient

“We saved over $400,000 on the completion of this well.”


Better frac jobs thru RT monitoring

Better Application of New and Existing Technology to Improve Efficiency• What is microseismicity?

– Pressure/stress changes induce fracturing, resulting in microseismic signals.

• How is it recorded?

– Passive monitoring with wireline geophone array detects low-level induced micro earthquakes.

• What information is produced?

– Database of location, sequence, size and mechanism of the fracturing.

• Applications

– Visual-stage by stage fracture geometry

– Calibrated fracture design models

– Enhanced well performance

– Improved NPV, ROI, F&D via optimized reservoir planning/development


MicroSeismic Mapping Example


G R _ N R M 0 2 0 0

H C A LIN6 1 6

D E P T HF T

P A Y F L A G 0 5

S 1 _ P E R F 5 0

S 2 _ P E R F 5 0

A O 9 0O H M M0 .2 2 0 0 0

A O 6 0O H M M0 .2 2 0 0 0

A O 1 0O H M M0 .2 2 0 0 0

R H O B _ N R M 1 .9 5 2 .9 5

E N P H _ N R M 0 .3 -0 .1

D T C OU S /F1 0 0 0

D T S MU S /F2 0 0 0

S W Qd e c1 0

P H IE Qd e c1 0

V C L Qd e c0 1

B V W Qd e c1 0

P H IE Q B V W Q

S 1 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

S 2 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

S 3 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

S 4 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

P R 0 0 .5

Y M E S T 0 1 0

C P G 0 .5 1

S ha le H e ight: 74 ftC lay P erc entage (V C L ): 0.515






4 9 0 0

5 0 0 0

5 1 0 0

5 2 0 0

5 3 0 0

5 4 0 0

5 5 0 0

5 6 0 0

5 7 0 0

5 8 0 0

5 9 0 0

6 0 0 0

6 1 0 0

6 2 0 0

6 3 0 0

6 4 0 0

6 5 0 0

G R _ N R M 0 2 0 0

H C A LIN6 1 6

D E P T HF T

P A Y F L A G 0 5

S 1 _ P E R F 5 0

S 2 _ P E R F 5 0

A O 9 0O H M M0 .2 2 0 0 0

A O 6 0O H M M0 .2 2 0 0 0

A O 1 0O H M M0 .2 2 0 0 0

R H O B _ N R M 1 .9 5 2 .9 5

E N P H _ N R M 0 .3 -0 .1

D T C OU S /F1 0 0 0

D T S MU S /F2 0 0 0

S W Qd e c1 0

P H IE Qd e c1 0

V C L Qd e c0 1

B V W Qd e c1 0

P H IE Q B V W Q

S 1 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

S 2 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

S 3 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

S 4 _ E V E N Tft-7 0 0 7 0 0

P R 0 0 .5

Y M E S T 0 1 0

C P G 0 .5 1







4 9 0 0

5 0 0 0

5 1 0 0

5 2 0 0

5 3 0 0

5 4 0 0

5 5 0 0

5 6 0 0

5 7 0 0

5 8 0 0

5 9 0 0

6 0 0 0

6 1 0 0

6 2 0 0

6 3 0 0

6 4 0 0

6 5 0 0

StimMap and PowerStim

27%

40%

25%


B

C

D

A Cumulative Production

A

DB

C

Fracture Geometry vs Reservoir Performance


The “Unconventional” prize is large…500+TCF

SAH97.165

TGSShaleCBM


Unconventional Thinking—Conclusions

• The US has a vast resource base still to be developed

– Recovery rates even in gas reservoirs are too low

• Keys include

– Working on the right wells

– Understanding the reservoir at a whole new level

– Finding novel ways or smarter places to apply new

or existing technology

• There is a role for the service companies to develop and deploy cost effective, innovative solutions to unconventional problems

Documents

Unconventional Rod Nelson Schlumberger IPAA 75 th Annual Meeting Oct 28, 2004