Unal Turkey Earthquake Power Point Presentation

8/14/2019 Unal Turkey Earthquake Power Point Presentation

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New Approaches and Regulations in Cultural Heritage and Disaster Management after the 1999 Marmara Earthquake Istanbul -Turkey Case Z. GL NAL ICOMOS/TURKEY

12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM March 11 - 15, 2009 in New Orleans, USA

PRESERVATION IN PERIL Disaster Preparedness, Rapid Response, and Sustainable Recovery in the 21st Century

New Approaches and Regulations in Cultural HeritageandDisaster Management after the 1999 Marmara Earthquake

Istanbul -Turkey CaseDr.

Z.Gl nal

Yildiz Technical University Faculty of Architecture Restoration DepartmentNational Commitee Member of ICOMOS/TURKEY1994 US/ICOMOS Intern

Member of GEA Search and Rescue Team -

Turkey


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Marmara Earthquake -

1999



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Marmara Earthquake - August 17 1999

17,840 lost their lives and

43,530 were injured

Approximately 77,000 buildings were severely

damaged

The disaster affected directly or indirectly around

16 million people.10-15 billion USD primary economy loss



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1999



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Marmara Earthquake

1999 photo. mehmet cansoy



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1999



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1999



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photo. mehmet cansoyMarmara Earthquake -

1999



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Marmara Earthquake

1999 photo. necmiye cansoy



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Earthquake damage in Istanbul Historical Peninsula (illustration date unknown)



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TURKEY and EARTHQUAKE in FIGURES

The frequency of an earthquake with a magnitude

of 5.5 in Richter scale: 0.76(6th in the world)

Yearly average population living through the disaster :2,745,757(8th in the world)

Loss of life in ratio with population (million)

: 15,58

(4th in the world)



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A. Factors Increasing the Destructive Effects

of Marmara Earthquake `99



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Unplanned and uncontrolled

development of

new settlement areas



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Higher population density in these

large settlements with uncontrolleddevelopment



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Failure to apply the earthquake

regulations in constructions inregions with a high risk of disaster



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Failure to work on risk reduction onpresent buildings, including thehistoric buildings in the region,


S S S S S


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Due to the fact that the works relatedto disaster management are not

widely spread, local authorities andNGOs are not equipped adequately

for disasters


12 h US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM M h 11 15 2009 i N O l USA


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Not having a national emergency

action plan and having problems indistribution of actual roles


12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM M h 11 15 2009 i N O l USA


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B. Disaster Management Problems

Faced After the DisasterMarmara Earthquake


12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM M h 11 15 2009 i N O l USA


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During the first few hours, the

communication withthe disaster area is disabled


12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM March 11 15 2009 in Ne Orleans USA


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Due to the problems in the main

transportation axes, search and

rescue teams and aids can not arrivethe

disaster area fast enough


12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM March 11 15 2009 in New Orleans USA


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Incoordination

of operations of different

search and rescue teams




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Inefficiency in search and rescue

operations due to lightingproblems during nights




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Delay in official procedures and

permissions for aid


12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM March 11 - 15 2009 in New Orleans USA


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Inadequate logistic supports

at the first phase


12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM March 11 - 15 2009 in New Orleans USA


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Completing legal procedures for aidand rehabilitation in these

areas;

coordinating,organizing and auditing these, and

rehabilitation works after the disaster




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12th US/ICOMOS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM March 11 15, 2009 in New Orleans, USA


A reliable inventory of loss of life andproperty was not made because the

data of the situation before thedisaster was not efficient




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Law of Mandatory Earthquake Insurance

law

587

Date - 1999

Aim

-

Authority of Natural Disasters Insurances is founded with

the support of the Turkish Government and The World Bank.The aim is to solve the problem of earthquake insurance indeveloping countries with a high risk of disaster, and to reduce

the loss through insurance.

Partner

-

The World Bank

LEGAL REGULATIONS REALIZED COUNTRYWIDE




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Law of Professional Competency - law 601Date

-

2000

Aim

-

To audit the professional competency of civil engineers

and architects that work directly on construction through exams





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, ,


Law of Building Inspection

-

law 4721

Date:

2001

Aim: Regulating the quality building production





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, ,


Establishment of Disaster and

Emergency Management DirectorateAim:

It aims to gather all powers related to risk and crisis

management and reduction of damage during a disaster that

could take place in the country, under one institution.Accordingly, it is suggested to establish the Disaster and

Emergency Management Directorate which joins three

important institutions on disasters in Turkey, under PrimeMinistry.

Date:

The law is being voted in The Turkish Grand National Assembly

(TBMM)





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, ,


ISMEP

-

Istanbul Seismic Risk Mitigation and

Emergency Preparedness Project

Date: It went in effect in February 2006, and its application has begun.Aim:

To initiate the process of preparation of Istanbul for an earthquake

which is expected to happen within 10-20 years.

The project carries out studies with the major titles:-

Preparation for emergencies,

-

Reduction

of seismic hazards in public spaces,

-

Reinforcement

of building foundations.

It is aimed to execute risk reduction in heritage sites and historicbuildings, reinforcement for earthquake, development

of response plan in the context of this project.

Partner

:

JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)

PROJECTS REALISED FOR ISTANBUL




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EMERGENCYEMERGENCYMANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Communicati

on systems

EmergencyInformationSystem

Development

of capacity ofinterventions

LEGISLATIONLEGISLATION--RESEARCHESRESEARCHES

INFRAINFRA--STRUCTURESTRUCTURE

EDUCATION &EDUCATION &PARTICIPATIONPARTICIPATION

Seaport, airport

Road, bridge

Natural gas

ElectricityWater

Sewage

Other

HISTORICHISTORICBUILDINGSBUILDINGS

Ministry of Culture

Gen. Dir. ofFoundations

MetropolitanMunicipality

TGNAPrivate ownership

SUPERSUPERSTRUCTURESTRUCTURE

Publicbuildings

Industrialestatesandbuildings

Houses-

Offices

Inventory Priority Multi-disaster risk

evaluation

Cooperation

(Historians,architects,applications abroad,

internationalagreements) Pilot schemes

ISMEPISMEP

Istanbul Seismic Risk Mitigation and Emergency Preparedness Project

Publicawareness

Decisionmakers

Civil servants

Private sector

Law for Construction

Zoning and UrbanDevelopment

Bld ReinforcementRegulation

Ground RehabilitationRegulation

Natural DisastersInsurance Foundation

Construction ZoningRights Transfer

Law of BuildingInspection

Condominium Law

Researches

Socio-economical Participation

Tendency

EnvironmentalImpact




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Earthquake Master Plan for Istanbul

Date: July 2003Aim:

It aims to create a strategic document in order to reduce physical,

social and public vulnerability in case of a probable earthquake

in Istanbul.

Under the coordination of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, four majoruniversities of the country came together and created this plan.

It is being

tested in Zeytinburnu, which houses Istanbuls significant historic buildings.

Partners:

Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Yldz Technical University,

Istanbul Technical University, Middle East Technical University, Boazii

University, JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)





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stanbul

Office of Governor,

Directorate of Istanbul Provincial Disaster Management CenterAim

-

A unit which has been organised

to operate non-stop for 24 hours, in

case of emergency,

in order to coordinate teams which perform disaster

prevention legally, and following up and controlling these services.

Date

-

Founded in January 1st, 2000




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To establish a new organisation, underMinistry of Culture and Tourism,

which will serve indisaster mitigation and management in

Cultural Heritage




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The inventory of the historic buildings and sitesshould be prepared without taking ownership

into consideration



S A O i i S i i 21 C


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All the data related to the historical buildingsshould be gathered in an

Information System for Disaster Mitigation ofCultural Heritage

generated in this institution, which is also kept inan emergency data processing center in another

physical spaceand

which can be activated from various physicalspaces in case of a disaster



PRESERVATION IN PERIL Di t P d R id R d S t i bl R i th 21 t C t


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The earthquake performance evaluation studies,especially in historic buildings should be expedited

and the buildings with intervention priorities shouldbe determined





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The condition of the buildings

should be controlled periodically





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Special security precautions should be taken especially inhistoric buildings with functions creating a

high risk of terror attacks and if possible the functions ofthese buildings should be changed



PRESERVATION IN PERIL Disaster Preparedness Rapid Response and Sustainable Recovery in the 21st Century


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Special interest groups of specialistsWho can evaluate the condition of the historicbuildings after the disaster, if possible international,should be formed and these groups should be

coordinated in the case of emergency





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Maps of traditional construction systemsaccording to regions in countryshould be created in order to help the international

search and rescue teams, who are unfamiliar to theregions traditional construction system, during thedisaster response





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Marmara Earthquake

1999

Disaster is virtues opportunity

SenecaNew Approaches and Regulations in Cultural Heritage and Disaster Management after the 1999 Marmara Earthquake Istanbul -Turkey Case Z. GL NAL ICOMOS/TURKEY




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Selected BibliographyBayer J.L., Var

, Afet

Sigortas

Tasarmnda

Model Temelli

Bir

Sosyal

Payda

Yaklam, pp: 117-118, Afet

Risk

Ynetimi, Marmara niversitesi

Kent Sorunlar

ve

Yerel

Ynetimler

Aratrma

ve

Uygulama

Merkezi

& World Bank

Yayn, Istanbu

2007.

Donaldson, M.W., The Firs Ten Days: Emergency Response and Protection Strategies for the Preservation of

Historic Structures, pp: 25-28, Disaster Management Programs for Historic Sites, Editors; Spennemann,H.R. D.,Look W.D., Digital Edition 2004.

Kele, R., Afet

Ynetimi

Asndan

Trkiyede

Merkezi

ve

Yerel

Ynetim, pp: 18-22, Afet

Risk Ynetimi,

Marmara niversitesi

Kent Sorunlar

ve

Yerel

Ynetimler

Aratrma

ve

Uygulama

Merkezi

& World Bank Yayn,

Istanbu

2007.

Ekin-Erkan, N., Gner

A., Demeret

Katerin., Risk Azaltlmasnda

Yerel

Ynetimlerin

Rol,pp: 3-5, Afet

Risk

Ynetimi, Marmara niversitesi

Kent Sorunlar

ve

Yerel

Ynetimler

Aratrma

ve

Uygulama

Merkezi

& World Bank

Yayn, Istanbu

2007.

Yazc

akn o., lkk

O.M., Aslaner

E., mer

P., Tolak

E., Yelkenci

S., Dnya

Bykehirlerinden

Bazlar

lestanbulun

Risk ve

Afet

Ynetim

Sistemlerinin

Karlatrlmas

A Comperison

of Disaster Risk Management

Systems Between Selected Mega Cities and Istanbul, pp: 723-724, International Earthquake Symposium Kocaeli22-

26 October 2007, TURKEY.

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Unal Turkey Earthquake Power Point Presentation