Un grazie di cuore alla

prof.ssa Bassoli Cristiana

per la traduzione e le per la traduzione e le

correzioni apportate

Workplace Safety

Il D. Lgs. 81/2008

Decree 81 applies the fundamental principle set out in European Directives, and imposes the

obligation to the person who has ownership of the spending power, that is, the EMPLOYERthe spending power, that is, the EMPLOYER

to design your own systemcorporate security, making the RISK

ASSESSMENT

•VIDEO TERMINAL (VDT): an alphanumeric or graphic display screen, regardlessthe type of display used.

• WORKPLACE: the assembly including

display screen equipment, possibly with

keyboard or other input device, the optional accessories,

related equipment, including the diskette drive, telephone, modem,

DEFINITIONS

related equipment, including the diskette drive, telephone, modem,

printer, document holder, the chair, the work plan, as well as

the immediate work environment.

• WORKER: the worker who uses a gear provided with

display screen in a systematic and regular, for twenty hours a week,

deducted breaks in art. 175 of Legislative Decree no. 81/2008.

WHO IS THE TEAM THE LAW GIVES TASKS TO AND

RESPONSIBILITIES FOR PREVENTION AT WORK

???

Employer / ManagerEmployer / Manager

charge

workers

the team in charge

• Who are they?They are workers who are responsible for directing and supervising other workers;

What do they do?They check that the means and the machinery are used according to the rules;they control, coordinate and supervise the work of others;they ensure that workers are aware of the procedures and the proper use of the machines and of PPEthey may propose and suggest improvements in safety levels

Back to

school

they may propose and suggest improvements in safety levels

TheyThey can can bebe legallylegally pursuedpursued

The worker

RIGHTS

S-/he has the right to have guaranteed their own health and safety

S-/he has the right to elect the representative of workers and for

security workers (RLS or RLST)

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school

S-/he has the right to education, information and training;

S-/he has the right to leave their workplace in case of danger

The worker

DUTIES (Art. 20 Legislative Decree no. 81/08)

S-/he has to contribute to the protection of their own and others' health

S-/he has to comply with the provisions for the purpose of individual and

collective defense

S-/he has to use equipment properly..

S-/he Has not to remove signaling devices, and report deficiencies of the S-/he Has not to remove signaling devices, and report deficiencies of the

protective equipment

S-/he has not to take their own initiative operations that did not compete

S-/he has to participate in training

S-/he has a duty to undergo medical examinations

ACTIVITY 'OF CLEANING

electrical hazard

The consequences of an electrical shock can be very serious:

electrical hazard

The consequences of an electrical shock can be very serious:

from burnts to cardiac arrest

Never use a defective device, report the malfunction to the holder and

then contact a qualified service technician.

Always check the condition of cables and electric equipment

before using them.

electrical hazard

electrical hazard

ACTIVITY 'OF CLEANING

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

Before using a machine inquire about the features and safety precautions,

consult the instructions for use and maintenance

Do not perform maintenance without first having taken steps to remove theDo not perform maintenance without first having taken steps to remove the

plug from the socket. In case of accidental machine start up, switch it off before

touching it.

VDT

RISKS during information technology workshop activity

PROBLEMS CONNECTED WITH

THE USE OF DISPLAY SCREEN

visual disturbances

postural disorders

psychological disorders

............ .............. ..

TO PREVENT SUCH DISORDERS

AND MANAGE THEM

PROPERLY ......

The original plan of the workplace should take into

account the location of the equipment (video,

keyboard, sheet, printer), the size of the spaces and

the characteristics of the furniture chosen in

function of the type of business envisaged.

THE WORKPLACE

In the laboratory the furniture is designed for the function that the

environment must be carried out:

- Venetian blinds on the windows.

- table opaque color

- Ergonomic chairs unless colleagues

have destroyed them earlier .

• The operator must settle their posture easily by adjusting the various elements of

the workplace:

- The trunk has to be basically straight, with

support of the lumbar spine to the back to

reduce the compression of the

intervertebral discs;

- The angles "arm-forearm" and "thigh-leg"

POSTURE (postural disorders)

- The angles "arm-forearm" and "thigh-leg"

must be about 90 ° (upright) to minimize

muscle fatigue and allow a good peripheral

circulation;

- The corner "trunk-thigh" must be about 100 °

to ensure an adequate distribution of loads on

the apparatus bones and joints and prevent

harmful compressions pelvic-abdominal;

- The upper edge of the screen should be placed

at eye level, or below it, and at a distance

between 50 and 70 cm, to avoid fatigue of the

eye muscles and contractures of the muscles of

the neck;

- The keyboard should be arranged in such a way

as to allow the support of the forearms (about

10-15 cm from the edge of the table) to avoid

muscle contractures.

the neck;

Wrong: windows are reflected

in the video screen.

Wrong: windows in the visual field provides

high differences

of light intensity.

LIGHTING (visual disturbances)

of light intensity.

Right: balanced difference

light intensity;

in the reflection area of the

video screen there should not be bright surfaces.

Lighting

WRONG POSITION

Lighting

WRONG POSITION

Lighting

CORRECT POSITION

Lighting scheme

Microclimate (psychological disorders)� preferable air conditioning

systemin the hot season the temperature should not be less than 7 ° C from the outsidein other seasons between 18 in other seasons between 18 and 20 ° Chumidity between 40 and 60%

The noise emitted by the VDT and the equipment

connected to it, is generally lower than the noise emitted by

obsolete writing machines (in normal conditions of efficiency) .

• The following examples show benchmarks derived from

photometric surveys conducted in

Proximity Operator:

- Electric typewriter ribbon: 70-75 dB (A);

- Video + keyboard typing: 56-58 dB (A);

NOISE

- Video + keyboard typing: 56-58 dB (A);

- Printer ink jet: about 50 dB (A);

normal conversation at one meter

distance: 60-75 dB (A).

•The VDT has a noise emission levelsignificantly lower than that usually

recording in an office where most people

operate.

• The current legislation on noise environment

(Title VIII - Chapter II of the Legislative Decree no. (Title VIII - Chapter II of the Legislative Decree no.

81/2008) does not

identifies any risks of hearing loss from noise

for daily exposure levels

(LEP, d) less than 80 dB (A).

It is necessary that at least every hour there

are body position changes.

The whole is realized by organizing the work in

such a way as to alternate as much as possible

the work to the video terminal with other

work. The law suggests a fifteen-minute break

work time

work. The law suggests a fifteen-minute break

every two hours for video-terminal activity.

• physical exercises

those who are due to sedentary activities are recommended to practice sports in their free time.Unfortunately, because of either laziness or lack of opportunity, few are those who can regenerate the body with a who can regenerate the body with a systematic physical activity.For these cases, we propose some simple stretching exercises that can be performed at school.

Figure 1: the back muscles - Tighten the knees, still

bending over his back.

Figure 2: Side back muscles - push outside the hips,

stretch the trunk from the opposite side.

Figure 3: pectoral muscles - The right leg to take a step

forward, move the right shoulder forward. Repeat the

exercise with your left shoulder.

Figure 4: scapular muscles - Tilt your head the other way.

Pull the arm down. Proceed as follows:

1) Take the starting position and stretch slowly until you

feel a slight stretch in the strained muscle.

physical exercises

feel a slight stretch in the strained muscle.

2) Stay in this final position for about 20-30 seconds.

3) Avoid sudden movements.

4) Try to breathe deeply

with calm and stay relaxed

throughout the year.