UN Briefing: India Vs. Pakistan

Elizabeth Mtshali, Mackenzie Goertel, Jeannie Pundor, Valentin Le Besnerais

The Beginning

How Can We Help?

Root of Origin

In 1947, the Partition Plan takes place. The Maharaja (Ruler of Kashmir) decides to have new territory become part of India, and not Pakistan.

FLASHPOINTS

Key points in the Conflict.

1 First Flashpoint

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67

5

Second Flashpoint

Third Flashpoint

Fourth Flashpoint

Fifth Flashpoint

Sixth Flashpoint

Seventh Flashpoint

First Flashpoint

In 1947, war immediately erupts between Pakistan and India

Second FlashpointKashmir, being part of India, granted New Delhi control of the headwaters of the Indus, the lifeline of civilization in modern day Pakistan (since 2600 B.C.)

Third FlashpointThe U.N. arranges a ceasefire and develops a Line of Control in 1949, Pakistan gains control of 1/3 of Kashmir (Azad or Free Kashmir)

Fourth FlashpointIndia remains in control over the other 2/3 of Kashmir (Jammu and Kashmir) but the territory has a status of “Independent.”

Fifth FlashpointThe Treaty for sharing the water source began to collapse around 1960 due to population and climate changes in both countries.

Sixth FlashpointIndia annexes Kashmir, causing riots in the Muslim population

Seventh Flashpoint

War erupts again in 1965

Steps Forward/Backwards

Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

•Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

1980 1 2 3 4 5 6

Steps Forward/Backwards

Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

•Pakistan argues that this is caused directly from the fact that the Muslim population of Kashmir is simply fighting against the oppressive Indian rule

1 2 3 4 5 6

Steps Forward/Backwards

Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

•India argues that the Kashmir rebellion is a deliberate and organized rebellion financed by the government of Pakistan in order to help them gain sole control of Kashmir

1 2 3 4 5 6

Steps Forward/Backwards

Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

•India believes that Pakistan allowed its militants to cross the Line of Control into India’s part of Kashmir and attack from inside

1 2 3 4 5 6

Steps Forward/Backwards

Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

1 2 3 4 5 6

• Some groups are fighting for Kashmir to become an independent state of its own

Steps Forward/Backwards

Since the 1980s, conflict has been occurring in the India controlled region of Kashmir

• India nor Pakistan support the option of Kashmir’s independence

1 2 3 4 5 6

INDEPENDENTKASHMIR

Int’l Efforts/Ties

First Case Second CaseThird Case

First Case • When President Bush was in office, he called upon the President of Pakistan, General Musharraf, to stop the invading of their Islamic Militants past the Line of Control

Second Case

The whole world is at risk if Pakistan follows through on its threats of using nuclear weapons if it becomes necessary. They say India has a greater advantage due to its superior military strength and large size.

Third CaseKashmir and Afghanistan are located adjacent each other. Al-Qaeda has had a lot of their terrorist activity take place in Kashmir, with Pakistan’s support. This “terrorist network” in Kashmir has created a form of terrorist escape route for Al-Qaeda.

Policy Reccomendations

For the United Nations to consider in Addressing this Conflict:

1 - Kashmir Joins Pakistan

Pakistan has always chosen this as the best solution to the dispute. However a single vote held in a region where people are culturally, religiously and ethnically diverse, there would be numerous minorities. The Hindus of Jammu, and the Buddhists of Ladakh have never shown any desire to join Pakistan and would protest at the outcome.

2 – Kashmir Joins India This solution would

be unlikely to bring stability to the region since the Muslim inhabitants of Pakistani-administered Jammu and Kashmir, including the Northern Areas, have never shown any desire to become part of India

3 – Smaller, Independent Kashmir

An independent Kashmir could be created from the Kashmir Valley - currently under Indian administration - and the narrow strip of land which Pakistan calls Azad Jammu and Kashmir. This would leave the strategically important regions under the control of Pakistan and India.

4- Peace Negotiations Government leaders from Kashmir, India, and

Pakistan should meet in a neutral location and discuss a potential compromise for the situation.

5 – Divide Territory In Half

The territory of Kashmir should be divided into two equal parts, and given to Pakistan and India respectively. The strategically important regions of the state should also be divided equally amongst Pakistan and India.

Citations (Pictures) http://www.stratfor.com/files/mmf/7/3/7311fc9

4bd002e2cf680d548088d1514bade8c02.jpg http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/south_

asia/03/kashmir_future/html/ http://themoderatevoice.com/wordpress-engin

e/files/india.pakistan.kargil.jpg http://www.nicholsoncartoons.com.au/cartoon

s/new/504%202002-05-28%20India%20Pakistan%20education%20war.JPG

http://www.topnews.in/files/LineOfControl.jpg http://www.mirpurbar.com/images/jammu%20

kashmir%20map.jpg http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_QfVWU-2pVL4/S0AFj

549Y8I/AAAAAAAAK6Q/NyrdiXgQISQ/s1600/Authorities%2Bappealed%2Bfor%2Bcalm%2BTuesday%2Bafter%2Ba%2Bbombing%2Bagainst%2Ba%2BShiite%2BMuslim%2Bprocession%2Bkilled%2B43%2Bin%2BPakistan's%2Blargest%2Bcity%2Bof%2BKarachi,%2Bsetting%2Boff%2Briots%2Band%2Bigniting%2Bfears%2Bof%2Bsectarian%2Bunrest..jpg

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_oHF-qUKh09c/SynqMbvgPrI/AAAAAAAAZ04/tA_kn4fzF5g/s800/1965+India+Pakistan+War+8.jpg

http://armedforces.nic.in/airforce/afkargil/slmpjk.jpg

http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/photos/uncategorized/2008/04/30/bush.jpg

http://www.weaselzippers.net/.a/6a00e008c6b4e588340115704c7152970b-pi

http://www.outlookindia.com/images/kashmir_alqaeda_cd_070613.jpg

THE END.