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www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Ultrasonicanemometers:
- Campbell- CSAT3- userfriendly;
- needstobeorientatedintomain
winddirection;
- noneedfor“crosswind“correction;
- Gill- R3(3-axis),HS-50/100- doesnotneedtobeorientatedtowardsNorth;
- angleofattackcorrections;
- METEK–USA1- currentlytheonlyheatedoneonthemarket
- noneedtobeorientatedtowardsNorthbutmakeslifeeasier;
- needfor“crosswindcorrection”;
www.gillinstruments.com
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
InfraRed gas analysers (IRGA)
- Closed-pathgasanalyser:
- LI-6262(CO2/H2O)
- requiresanexternalpump;
- requiresconstantreferencegassupply;
- frequentcalibrationchecks/calibrationneeded;
- tubeattenuation;lagtime;
- LI-7000(CO2/H2O)
- requiresanexternalpump;
- requiresconstantreferencegassupply;
- frequentcalibrationchecks/calibrationneeded;
- tubeattenuation;lagtime;www.licor.com
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
InfraRed gas analysers (IRGA)
- Closed-pathgasanalyser:
- CampbellSci.CPEC200(compact3D&CO2/H2O)
- lowpowerconsumption;
-consistsofaCSAT3AandtheEC155IRGA;
- includesasamplepump;
- datarecordingontotheCR3000datalogger;
- notubeattenuation;lagtime;www.campbellsci.co.uk
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
InfraRed gas analysers (IRGA)
- Open-pathgasanalyser:
- LI-7500(CO2/H2O)
- noneedforexternalpump;
- lowpowerrequirement;
- noneedforreferencegas;
- userfriendly;lightweight;
- notimelag;
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
InfraRed gas analysers (IRGA)
- Open-pathgasanalyser:
- CampbellSci.IRGASON(3DandCO2/H2O)
- noneedforexternalpump;
- lowpowerrequirement;
- noneedforreferencegas;
- userfriendly;lightweight;
- notimelag; www.campbellsci.co.uk
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
InfraRed gas analysers (IRGA)
- Closed-path(enclosed)gasanalyser:
- LI-7200(CO2/H2O)
- comeswithitsownpump;
- lowpowerrequirement;
- noneedforreferencegas;
- userfriendly;
- ownloggingsystem;
- lightweight;
- tubeattenuation;lagtime;
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Laserspectroscopy
- Closed path cavity ring down
- Picarro (CO2/H2O/CH4,etc.)- requiresanexternalpump;
- needsmainspower;
- noneedforreferencegas(referencecapsuleinside);
- tubeattenuation;www.picarro.com
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Laserspectroscopy
- Closed path integrated cavity outputICOS
- LosGatos(CH4,CO,CO2,N2O,H2Oetc.)- requiresanexternalpump;- needsmainspower(amassivegeneratordoesittoo);- noneedforreferencegas;- tubeattenuation;
www.losgatos.com
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Laserspectroscopy
- Openpath multipass cell instrument
-LI-7700(CH4)- noneedforexternalpump;- lowpowerrequirement;- noneedforreferencegas;- userfriendly;notimelag;
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Site establishment(Quality Assessment/Quality Control)
- purposeofstudyandchoiceofecosystem- enduserofdata;
- sitelocation,landownershipandaccess- arewemeasuringintherightlocation?Pilotproject;
- lengthofdatacollection(campaign/permanent)- enduserofdata;purposeofmeasurement;
- dataexpectations(fluxmagnitude)- whyarethemeasurementscarriedout?Useofcorrectmeasurementprotocols;
- additionalmeasurements- meteorological(atmosphericandsoil)arerequired;
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Powerrequirementsandsupply(gettingdowntobusiness...)
- Short-/long-termdatacollection;- Continuousrecordingorsamplingofdata;- 5V,12V,24V,220V/110Vrequired?
- Carbatteries,solarpanels,windenergy,generator,mainspower;
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Powersupply
- Carbatteries(additionalpowersource):- frequentreplacement;- idealforshorttermstudies;- easytousebutbloodyheavyifneedstobecarriedaround;
- Solarpanels:- sitelocation;- adequatesupplyallyearround?- chargecontrollerandbatteryunits;- easytouse(onceyouknowhowtheywork);
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Powersupply
- Mainspower:- Sitelocation;- distancetonearesttransformer(Voltagedrop);- easytouse(andconverttolowerVoltage);- Nolimitationofsupplytoinstrumentsallyearround;- Expensiveifnewlyestablished;- Runningcosts;- powersurges(?)
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Powersupply
- Windenergy:- Sitelocation;
- adequatesupply?- chargecontrollerandbatteryunits;- location(footprintlocation);
- easytouse;
- Fuelgenerator:
- location(footprintlocation);- frequentrefuellingofpetrol,hydrogen,diesel,etc.;
- chargecontrollerandbatteryunits;
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Siteinfrastructure
- Ecosystemrelevantstructure;- Access;- Safety;- Protection;- Housing;- Datamanagement;- Set-upselection
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Decisiontime
- Open- vs.closed-pathanalyser;- dataquality(dry/wet);- powerrequirements(mains/batteries);- cleaning(filter/openwindow)- referencegasrequirement(gascylinders);- necessityofapump;- datastorage- costs(purchase&runningcosts);
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Set-upexamples
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Andwhatnow???
- Oncesiteisupandrunning…- Calibrationchecks;
- frequentdatacontrol(toavoidinstrumentdrift,powerfailure,filterclogging,pumpfailure,underestimateddatastorage,dropouts,etc.)
- instrumentandsitemaintenance;- (referencegaschecks);
- Conclusion:thecleaneryoukeepyoursystem
andthebetteryoumaintainyousystemthehigherqualitydatayouwillhave(technicalpointofview)!
www.helsinki.fi/[email protected]
DepartmentofPhysics– AtmosphericDivision/EddyCovariance– setup,design,selection,calibration
Timetogohome…
“Scientificruins”