Ultra-Reliable Low Latency communication for V2X A standardization perspective

5G Summer School, King’s College of London, 12/06/2018

Efstathios Katranaras

Sequans Communications

• What is Standardization? … 3GPP?

• V2X communications and standards

• LTE V2X

• NR, URLLC and V2X – URLLC Rel. 15 overview

– 5G V2X

Outline

Sequans Communications Profile Who? What? Where?

Sequans Communications is a 4G LTE chipmaker and leading provider of single-mode LTE chipset solutions ~300 people, 40 nationalities, in 10 countries (HQParis) Sequans has developed and delivered seven generations of 4G technology Chipsets and modules are certified and are shipping in 4G networks world wide Sequans offers two LTE product lines:

StreamrichLTE™, optimized for broadband devices StreamliteLTE™, optimized for narrowband IoT devices

© 2018 Sequans Communications | Proprietary and Confidential

Sequans: 15 Years of 4G Leadership

2003-2009

2010- 2011

2012- 2013

2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Founded in Paris

2003-2009

Launched three generations of 4G WiMAX chipsets

Powered world’s first 4G smartphone, Sprint HTC EVO 4G

1st generation LTE chipset delivered to China Mobile

Launched 2nd generation LTE platform, Mont Blanc

Introduced StreamliteLTE for IoT

Launched 3rd generation LTE-A Cat 6 platform, Cassiopeia

Launched award winning Calliope LTE Cat 1 platform for IoT

Strategic partnership with TCL for 5G R&D

Verizon certifies LTE CAT4 platform

Gemalto partnership on Cat 1 M2M

Foxconn (Socle) partnership for LTE IoT SoCs

Launched Monarch LTE-M/NB-IOT chip for IoT, certified by Verizon

Sequans delivers CAT1 on Docomo, T-Mobile

AT&T certifies LTE CAT4 platform

Gemalto, Fibocom, Pycom, Huawei, Sercomm adopt Monarch LTE-M

Launched Monarch SX LTE Cat M SoC for IoT

Sequans delivers VoLTE on Verizon, T-Mobile

Sequans powers new Ellipsis Jetpack hotspot for Verizon

Sequans and STM introduce new LTE tracker platform CLOE

AT&T certifies Monarch LTE-M platform

© 2018 Sequans Communications | Proprietary and Confidential

Optimized Family of Solutions for Multitude of Applications

Mont Blanc

Cat 6 Further Optimized chips Cat 4 Cat 1 Cat M1/NB1/NB2 Further optimized/new chips

Cassiopeia Calliope Monarch

Broadband devices IoT devices

Cat 9

Monarch SX

Mobile hotspot/ router Smart Home Security Wearables Smart Energy Telematics and

Asset Tracking Indoor/Outdoor CPE

Set Top Box

Gateway Vertical

Applications

Industrial Router

Higher data rates; higher performance Lower data rates, lower power

Colibri Monarch

SiP Monarch

N

© 2018 Sequans Communications | Proprietary and Confidential

Standardization for Telecommunications Why? How?

Standards := ‘Laws’ for telecom network/equipment Codified public agreements

Wide-area communications possible Values:

Coordinated work avoid multiple standards for same function Maintenance as long as there is minimal level of use Ensure technical/group ‘democracy’ Identify Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Consider impact on society/environment

ITU (International Telecommunications Union)

United Nations treaty organization

3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)

ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

Regional institution

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

Community body

5GAA (5G Automotive Association)

Global cross-industry association

3GPP overview

Mobile communications industry collaboration - Technical Specifications (TS) and Technical Reports (TR)

- Prepare - Approve - Maintain

Originally set up to move on from 2G 570 member companies, in 43 countries, from 5 continents Specified Radio Interfaces: GSM, GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA, HSPA, LTE, LTE-A (Pro), NR Rel. X: Study Work Freeze Maintenance

Standardization process Who is doing what?

IMT-2020 …

V2X Communications and Standards A (very) brief history

V2X A sense to make roads more safe, convenient, fun Enable new applications: • Safety • Efficiency + Eco • Infotainment Vehicle ‘talking’ • other Vehicles (V2V) • Pedestrians (V2P) • transport Infrastructure (V2I) • Network (V2N)

WiFi-based 802.11p (IEEE) • DSRC/WAVE, 5.9GHz band Cellular-based (3GPP) • LTE

• Rel.12/13; D2D communications • Rel.14; defined C-V2X communications (Phase 1)

• Studies within Rel.13 (2014) to test standards applicability to V2X

• Rel.15; enhanced V2X (Phase 2) • NR

• Rel.16; Strengthen safety applications (Phase 3) • <1ms Latency etc. (2019+)

Technologies:

US: DSRC compulsory at 2016, Reverted in 2017 EU: Connected-ITS initiative, undecided by end of 2018 China: LTE-V2X trial/develop agreements, 90% cov. by 2020

Ford: “4G connectivity by 2020” VW: “Only 801.11p from 2019” BMW: “Hybrid 801.11p-based and C-V2X solution”

(US)

Compute

LTE V2X (Phase 1) What has been addressed? [TS 21.914]

V2X support: high speed (250km/h), density (1000s nodes), throughput, reliability (out of coverage), low latency (100ms/20ms), positioning

Uu - latency tolerant - Informational safety, basic infotainment / telematics

PC5 (ITS band) - network scheduled operation mode - UE autonomous resources selection mode (Self-managed)

Use cases [TS 22.185]

Rel.14 WIs: - Support for V2V services based on LTE sidelink (Sep’16) - LTE support for V2X services (Mar’17) Service requirements, Architecture enhance, Security aspects RAN aspects/solutions: - PC5 modifications (from D2D) (support: high speed, high node density) - SL Tx modes 3 and 4 - UL/SL SPS enhancements (adapt to V2X msg generation pattern) - Shorter Tx periods in DL/SL (broadcast within latency requirements) - add. resource selection procedure in SL TM 4 (P-UE power saving) - SL congestion control (operation in high traffic load) - SL synchro enhance (operation outside GNSS or eNB coverage) - simult. V2X operations over multi CC (extend V2X operation scenarios)

V2X message

over LTE-Uu

V2X Application Server

3GPP Core Network

V2X message over LTE-Uu

3GPP RAN

V2X message over LTE-PC5

3GPP Core Network

V2X message over LTE-PC5

(unicast)(broadcast or unicast)

3GPP RAN

“In coverage”

“Out of coverage”

(a) V2X communication over LTE-PC5 (b) V2X communication over LTE-Uu

GW

LTE V2X (Phase 2) What is addressed? [WID RP-171740]

Support advanced V2X services Backward compatible to Rel.14 V2X for the delivery of safety messages Use cases [TR 22.886]

• solutions for PC5 functionalities [RAN1/2/4]

• Carrier aggregation (up to 8 PC5 carriers);

• 64QAM;

• Reduce the maximum time between packet arrival at

Layer 1 and resource selected for transmission;

• Radio resource pool sharing between UEs using mode 3

and UEs using mode 4;

• Study PC5 operation with Transmit Diversity [RAN1/2/4]

• Study PC5 operation with Short TTI [RAN1/2]

• Specify necessary RF requirements [RAN4]

• Specify necessary RRM core requirements [RAN4]

4 use-case groups • Vehicles Platooning • Extended Sensors • Advanced Driving • Remote Driving

New Radio In the meantime… A new era, including URLLC

A new 3GPP radio access technology

A step beyond LTE-A Pro • Low to very high bands operation: 0.4 – 100 GHz • Scalable OFDM numerology with scaling of subcarrier spacing • Ultra wide bandwidth: up to 100/400MHz • New channel coding: LDPC/Polar • etc.

(Actually, it’s happening … now!)

URLLC features are contained in 5G Phase 1 To be fully covered in 5G Phase 2

URLLC & V2X Some specification numbers [TS 22.261]

URLLC progress in Rel.15 Main aspects

Rel.15 NR design in general was made with also URLLC in mind

Possible number of TTIs according to SCS and the number of symbols in a TTI

UP latency evaluation example [R1-1803933]

• Numerology • Mini-slot support • Various SCS support various TTIs within 1ms

• Multiplexing with eMBB in DL • Scheduling-based • Puncture ongoing eMBB transmission

(preemption-based) • Reduce impact to eMBB

• CBG-based transmission • Preemption indication

• UL grant-free transmission

• FDM/TDM semi-static resource sharing with eMBB • Retransmission/repetition, etc…

[R1-1720998]

URLLC progress in Rel.15 Last minute URLLC WI

NR WID objectives (August’17, R1-1713892)

Support of ultra-reliable part of URLLC [RAN1, RAN2, RAN4]

• RAN1#90 in Aug. 2017 – RAN1 #91 in Nov. 2017

• Identify techniques to meet the URLLC requirements set forth by [TR38.913] starting after RAN#76

• RAN1 NR Ad-Hoc in Jan. 2018 – RAN1 #93 in May 2018

• Conduct corresponding URLLC specific normative work after RAN#78 for the selected techniques

URLLC Rel.15 WI focused (from Feb’18) on general reliability essential topics (finished, clearing stage).

a

b

eMB

B C

OR

ESET

URLLC resource

URLLC data

dynamicURLLC CORESET

missed PDCCH

• separate CQI/MCS table(s)

• Compact DCI

• PDCCH repetition

• UL service multiplexing

Study Item for evaluation methodology of 5G V2X use cases “Study on evaluation methodology of new V2X use cases for LTE and NR” [RP-171093]

Ongoing SI - Agreed in plenary meeting #76 (Jun’17)

Motivation: • “Establish the evaluation methodology to be used in evaluating technical solutions to support

the full set of 5G V2X use cases” • further improve the evaluation methodology of LTE V2X and finalize it for NR V2X.

Objectives: • Complete the evaluation methodology in TR38.913 and TR38.802 to compare the performance of different

technical options for the new 5G V2X use cases including the following aspects [RAN1]: • Evaluation scenarios including performance metric, vehicle dropping, traffic model • Sidelink channel model for spectrum above 6 GHz

• Identify the regulatory requirements and design considerations of potential operation of direct communications between vehicles in spectrum allocated to ITS beyond 6GHz in different regions, considering at least 63-64GHz (allocated for ITS in Europe) and 76-81GHz depending on regulatory decision [RAN].

NR V2X Study Item Rel. 16

Initial efforts/proposals at end of 2017 [RP-172738] [RP-172765]

At RAN#78 (Dec’17), it was decided for specific Rel.16 proposals to be consolidated between companies (email discussions - in 3GPP RAN DRAFTS reflector) • Summaries of discussions in RAN#79 (Mar’18) [RP-180426]. • Some commonalities on technical topics, convergence might be possible on early level. • Possible: NR-V2X complements LTE-V2X BASIC safety-related broadcast messages from LTE V2X. • Most companies (+ 5GAA) asking for ~12 months of study (align with Rel.16 timescale for a spin-off WI)

Technical scope initial conclusion overview:

Consolidated proposal prepared for RAN#80 (Jun’18). TSG-RAN may approve to start now or a bit later.

Feature

Solutions

for NR

sidelink

design

Uu

enhancements

for advanced

use cases

Identify

enhancements for

Uu based sidelink

scheduling

Feasibility &

mechanisms to

improve V2X

positioning

Mechanism

for flexible

RAT

selection

Solutions

for QoS

mgmt. of

radio i/f

Relay / range

extension

solutions

Feasibility of

the coexistence

mechanism

(level of study)

Specific bands for

Sidelink

frequency

Consensus yes yes yes* Majority yes* yes Open Majority Majority

Necessity Essential Essential Essential Best effort Essential Essential - Out of Rel-16

- Best effort Not co-channel Only <10 GHz

On technical solutions various topics of interest

Enhancements motivation/ideas have been presented in the meantime for advanced V2X use cases • Requirements of Semi/Fully automated or Remote Driving go beyond the URLLC capability of R15

𝑅 = 𝑅𝑐1𝑅𝑑 + 1 − 𝑅𝑐1 𝑅𝐷𝑇𝑋𝑅𝑐2𝑅𝑑

control data

`

control DTX

f

t

Diversity/Power gain (e.g. ultra-reliable 1-shot Tx)

‘tethering via vehicle’

Enhanced cell edge performance for URLLC capability in a wide area

URLLC with high UL data rate

etc …

Mobility management (e.g. UL based)

UL eMBB/URLLC Mux (e.g. Inter-UE)

Other relevant Rel.16 topics NR V2X and …

According to email discussion and consolidated proposals for Rel.16 (from March to June ’18) Rel.16 URLLC • Taking into account new Rel.16 use cases for Transport Industry with higher requirement

• E.g. higher reliability/availability, ~0.5 L1 latency Positioning • Scope trying to avoid overlapping with V2X • Only radio link based positioning. Taking high speed UEs into account (but no SL or SL+Uu) • End-to-end latency to be studied (important for V2X) Unlicensed • V2X/Sidelink use case adopting standalone operation mode in unlicensed spectrum

Latest from RAN#80 fresh news

• V2X is a vital ‘sense’ for future vehicles

• URLLC addresses the most advanced V2X use cases

• 3GPP keeps evolving standardization of V2X services

– Phase 1: Basic Safety

– Phase 2: Enhanced Safety

– Phase 3: Towards autonomous driving

Summary

Just need AI to catch up now!

Thank you!

“If you can imagine it, you can create it!”