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J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
Ä
a':? uxdu? jrefrmpmXme? &efukefynma&;wuúodkvf
ukef;abmifacwfausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;zGJUpnf;yHk
avhvmcsuf
cifcifvwf
Ä
pmwrf;tusOf;
þpmwrf;wGif ukef;abmifacwf (jrefrmouú&mZf 1114 rS 1247 txd)
jrefrmausmufpmrsm;rS ausmufpmtcsyf (20)ukd tavhvmcHe,fy,f
tjzpf owfrSwfcJhygonf/ þtavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyKemrfyk'f
rsm;\ zGJUpnf;yHkudk bmomaA'enf;jzihf avhvmcJhonf/ avhvm&m
wGifvnf; tajccHo'´g,lepf ig;rsdK;jzpfaom 0gus? 0guscGJ? yk'f?
pum;vHk;? ½kyf&if; [laom tqihfig;rsdK;&Sd&m yk'ftqihf jzpfaom tydkif;rS
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHktaMumif;udk o½kyfazmfbmomaA'enf;jzihf
avhvmqef;ppf wifjyxm;ygonf/
ed'gef;
þpmwrf;wGif ukef;abmifacwfausmufpmrsm;&Sd ]txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;}
zGJUpnf;xm;yHkudk bmomaA'enf;jzihf avhvmwifjycJhygonf/ jrefrmouú&mZf
(1114 rS 1247) txd jreffrmausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;
xm;yHkudk ]txl;jyKemrfyk'ffrsm;[lonf} ESihf ]ukef;abmifacwfausmufpmrsm;&Sd
txl;jyKemrfykk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHk} [lí tydkif;(2)ydkif;cGJum avhvmwifjyxm;
ygonf/
ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmausmufpmrsm;rS ausmufpmtcsyf (20)udkom
tavhvmcHe,fy,ftjzpf owfrSwfí þtavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;? zGJUpnf;xm;&SdyHkudkvnf; u@(3)ckcGJum avhvmwifjycJhygonf/
tavhvmcH o'´gtrsdK;tpm;jzpfaom emrf? Bud,m? 0dbwfwkdYudk tajccHí
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udkvnf; o'´gpnf;urf;t& rnfodkY zGJUpnf;xm;&SdyHkudkvnf;
avhvmqef;ppfwifjycJhygonf/ tavhvmcH ukef;abmifacwf ausmufpmrsm;
pm&if;ESihf txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;\ tBudrf ta&twGufudkom azmfjyxm;&SdcJhNyD;
472 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
azmfjyxm;&Sdjcif; r&SdcJhaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udk aemufqufwGJwGif qufvuf
azmfjyoGm;ygrnf/
1/ txl;jyKemrfyk'f[lonf
]txl;jyKemrfyk'f} 1
qkdonfrSm emrftxl;jyKpum;vHk;wpfck? wpfckxuf
ydkaom txl;jyKpum;vHk;rsm;ESihf zGJUpnf;xm;aom pum;vHk;tpkta0;udk ac:onf/
,if;pum;vHk;tpkta0;wGif yg0ifaom pum;vHk;rsm;teuf tenf;qHk; pum;vHk;
wpfckonf ]OD;aqmifemrf}2
jzpf&rnf/ ,if;OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGifvnf;aumif;?
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGifvnf;aumif;? OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUa&m aemufüyg
vnf;aumif; ]emrftxl;jyK} 3
rsm; tuefUtowfr&Sd yg0ifEkdifygonf/
,if;pum;vHk;tpkta0;\ aemufqHk;ae&mwGif ]emrf0dbwf} 4
ygonfvnf;&Sdí
rygonfvnf; &SdEkdifygonf/ ,if;udk yHkaoenf;jzihf jyvQif-
txl;jyKemrfyk'femrftxl;jyK...+OD;aqmifemrfemrftxl;jyK... emrf0dbwf
[lí jyEkdifonf/ oauFwjzihf jy&vQif-
MN adj … + hn adj … np
[lí jyEkdifygonf/
1? 1/ ausmufpmrsm;&Sd txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHk
emrftxl;jyKrsm;udk tajccHí ausmufpmrsm;&Sd txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udk
zGihfqkdowfrSwf&mwGif txl;jyKemrfyk'fwpfckü-
(u) OD;aqmifemrfwpfck yg&Sd&rnf/ OD;aqmifemrfaemufwGif emrf0dbwf
ygonfvnf; &Sdí rygonfvnf; &SdEkdifygonf/
1
Modifier noun 2
head noun 3
adjectival 4
Noun particle
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 473
(c) OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif tenf;qHk; emrftxl;jyKwpfck yg&dSonf/
emrftxl;jyKyk'f\ aemufwGif yk'fjzpfaMumif;jyypönf; ygonfvnf;
&Sdí rygonfvnf; &SdEkdifygonf/
(*) emrftxl;jyKonf OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGifomru aemufwGifvnf;
wpfNydKifeuf &SdEkdifygonf/
(C) txl;jyKemrfyk'fwpfckwGif OD;aqmifemrf wpfck yg0ifNyD; emrftxl;jyK
wkdYrSm wpfckxufru ESpfck oHk;ck av;ck ig;ck ponfjzihf yg&Sd
Ekdifonf/
xkdzGJUpnf;yHkudk yHkaoenf;xkwfí oauFwjzihf azmfjy&vQif-
txl;jyKemrf emrftxl;jyK...+OD;aqmifemrf emrftxl;jyK... emrf0dbwf
[lí jyEkdifonf/ oauFwjzihfjy&vQif-
MN adj … + hn adj … np
[lí jzpfygonf/ azmfjyygzGJUpnf;yHkt& tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;&Sd txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;\ zGJUpnf;xm;yHkudk avhvmwifjyygrnf/
2/ ukef;abmifacwf ausmufpmrsm;&Sd txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHk
tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;&Sd txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;twGif; yg0ifzGJUpnf;
xm;aom OD;aqmifemrfudk txl;jyKxm;onhf emrftxl;jyKrsm;\ zGJUpnf;yHkudk
azmfjy&mwGif-
(1) OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUrS emrftxl;jyKygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
(2) OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufrS emrftxl;jyKygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
(3) OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUESihfaemufrS emrftxl;jyKygaom txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;
[lí azmfjyygrnf/
tavhvmcH ausmufpmrsm;&Sd txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;wGif yg0ifaom emrf
txl;jyKrsm;ukd azmfjy&mwGif OD;aqmifemrfudk txl;jyKyHkt& ta&twGuftvkduf
474 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
azmfjyoGm;ygrnf/ txl;jyKemrfyk'fwpfckwGif OD;aqmifemrfukd txl;jyKEkdifaom
emrftxl;jyKonf ta&twGuf wpfckru yg&SdEkdifygonf/ odkYjzpfygí
emrftxl;jyKrsm;udk ta&twGuftvkduf azmfjy&jcif; jzpfygonf/
2? 1/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUrS emrftxl;jyKygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
þtxl;jyKemrfyk'f zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrfonf wpfckom yg&rnf
jzpfonf/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUrS txl;jyKaom emrftxl;jyKonf wpfckru ESpfck?
oHk;ck ponfjzihf yg0ifEkdifonf/ OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwf ygonfvnf;
&Sdonf/ rygbJESihfvnf; &SdEkdifonf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;yHkudk yHkaoenf;xkwfí
oauFwjzihf jy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK... + OD;aqmifemrf emrf0dbwf
MN adj … + hn np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;rItwkdif; tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;udk atmufygtwkdif; azmfjyxm;ygonf/
2? 1? 1/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyKwpfckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK
wpfckyg&SdNyD; OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwf yg0ifzGJUpnf;xm;onf/
,if;zGJUpnf;yHkudk yHkaoenf;xkwfí oauFwjzihf azmfjy&vQif-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK + OD;aqmifemrf + emrf0dbwf
MN adj + hn + np
[lí azmfjyygonf/ OD;aqmifemrfa&SUrS emrftxl;jyKwpfckESihf OD;aqmifemrf
aemufrS emrf0dbwf yg0ifzGJUpnf;yHkudk tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGif atmufyg
twkdif; awGU&onf/
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 475
- rkwfqdk0fbdk0frnfaom&Gmudk0f a½S;? pm-14 ? u-9
- rkwfqdk0fbdk0frnfaom adj
- &Gm hn
- udk0f np
- trifrifwkd0f\t½Sif &mZm"dywdjzpfawmf a&S;? pm-14? u-12
rlaom tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;onf
- trifrifwkd0f\t&Sif&mZm"dywd adj
jzpfawmfrlaom
- tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD; hn
- onf np
- igbk&m;{,fudk,fpm;jzpfo0f rdG,fwf"mwfwf a&S;? pm-24? u-26
wkdYonf
- igbk&m;{,fudk,fpm;jzpfo0f adj
- rGd,fwf"mwfwfwkdY hn
- onf np
- tqHk;pGefo0f edAÁmefjynfudk jrifwfrlo0f a&S;? pm-25? u-26
bk&m;ocifonf
- tqHk;pGefo0f edAÁmefjynfudk adj
jrifwfrlo0f
- bk&m;ocif hn
- onf np
476 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
- xl;jrwfpGmaom w&m;awmfudk a&S;? pm-46? u-50
- xl;jrwfpGmaom adj
- w&m;awmf hn
- udk np
txufazmfjyyg OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyKwpfckESihf
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGif emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
zGJUpnf;yHkudk tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGif (39)Budrf toHk;jyKa&;xkd;xm;onf/
azmfjyyg usef&Sdaeaom txl;jyKemrfyk'ftzGJUrsm;udk aemufqufwGJwGif azmfjy
ygrnf/
2? 1? 2/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK ESpfck ESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrff\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK
ESpfckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwfyg&Sdaom zGJUpnf;xm;yHkudkvnf;
awGU&onf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;yHkudk bmomaA't& yHkaoenf;xkwfí oauFwjzifh
azmfjy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK
1-2
+ OD;aqmifemrf + emrf0dbwf
MN adj1-2
+ hn + np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGifvnf; þodkYaom zGJUpnf;rIudk
awGU&Sd&onf/
- ZrÁL'DygwpfuRef;vHk;ü &Sdaom 84000 aom a½S;? pm-20? u-25
xD;aqmif;rif;wkdYonf
- ZrÁL'DygwpfuRef;vHk;ü &Sdaom adj
- 84000 aom adj
- xD;aqmif;rif;wkdY hn
- onf np
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 477
- jrwfaomESvHk;awf[daom oD&d ok"r®r[m a½S;? pm-35 ? u-36
&mZm"dywdtrnfawf&Sdaom rif;w&m;BuD;onf
- jrwfaomESvHk;awf[daom adj
- oD&dok"r®r[m&mZm"dywd adj
trnfawf&Sdaom
- rif;w&m;BuD; hn
- onf np
- atmifolwkd0f t"dywdjzpfaom igbk&m;\ a½S;? pm-77 ? u-9
omoemwfudk0f NcD;jr§ifh jyKpk o0f
rif;{u&mZfwkd0fonf
- atmifolwkd0f t"dywd jzpfaom adj
- igbk&m;\ omoemwfudk0f adj
NcD;jr§ihfjyKpko0f
- rif;{u&mZfwkd0f hn
- onf np
- ewfeef;AdrmefESihfwlo0f a&Teef;a&TbHkrS a½S;? pm-95 ? u-16
y'HkrmESihf wlo0fpufpHk a&Tu’myGifhudk0f
- ewfeef;AdrmefESihfwlo0f adj
- a&Teef;a&TbHkrS y'HkrmESihfwlo0f adj
- pufpHka&Tu’myGihf hn
- udk0f np
txufazmfjyyg emrftxl;jyK ESpfckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGif
emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;xm;&SdyHkudk tavhvmcH
ausmufpmwkdYwGif (6)Budrf a&;xdk;xm;onf/ usef&Sdaeaom txl;jyKemrfyk'ftzGJU
rsm;udk aemufqufwGJwGif azmjfyygrnf/
478 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
2? 1? 3/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK oHk;ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK
oHk;ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom zGJUpnf;yHkrsdK;udkvnf;
awGU&onf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;yHkwGif bmomaA't& yHkaoenf;xkwfí oauFwjzihf
azmfjy&vQif-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK
1-3
+ OD;aqmifemrf + emrf0dbwf
MN adj 1-3
+ hn + np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ þzGJUpnf;yHkt& tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyKemrfyk'f
rsm;udk wifjy&vQif-
- qifjrwf,Ofomtaygif; NcH&Htyfaom a½S;? pm-42? u-22
qifjzL&wemjrwfocif odMum; ab;bdk;
a&Teef;pdk;om; aersdK;Zmwd r[d'¨dvnf;
jzpfawmfrlxaom bkef;awmf tvGef
BuD;jrwfawmfrlvSo0f t&Sifb0&Sif
rif;w&m;BuD;bk&m;onf
- qifjrwf,Ofomtaygif; adj
NcH&Htyfaom
- qifjzL&wemjrwfocifab;bkd; adj
a&Teef; pdk;om; aersdK; Zmwd
r[d'¨dvnf; jzpfawmfrlxaom
- bkef;awmftvGefBuD;jrwfawmf adj
rlvSo0f
- t&Sifb0&Sifrif;w&m;BuD;bk&m; hn
- onf np
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 479
- aumifr’wfpGm o0f usefvu©Pm&Sd o0f r’; a½S;? pm-93? u-6
pGmo0f qifwkd0fhudk0f
- auifr’wfpGm o0f adj
- usefvu©Pm &Sdo0f adj
- r’; pGm o0f adj
- qifwkd0fh hn
- udk0f np
- waumifjynfBuD; a&TxD; bGihf o0f owdk0f a½S;? pm-77? u-10
rif; r[m ZrÁL 'Dy"Z trnf [dod0f
rif;w&m;BuD;\ tEG,ft½dk;trsdK0f&if;
jzpfo0f owkd;rif;zsm; rif;w&m;onf
- waumifjynfBuD; adj
a&TxD;bGihfo0f
- owkd0f rif; r[m ZrÁL'Dy"Z adj
trnf[dod0f
- rif;w&m;BuD;\ tEG,ft½dk; adj
trsdK0f&if; jzpfo0f
- owkd;rif;zsm; rif;w&m; hn
- onf np
azmfjyyg OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUrS emrftxl;jyK (3)ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufrS emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f zGJUpnf;yHkudk tavhvmcH
ausmufpmwkdYwGif (8)Budrf a&;xdk;xm;onf/ useftxl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; tzGJUudkrl
aemufqufwGJwGif azmfjyygrnf/
480 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
2? 1? 4/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyKav;ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK
av;ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom zGJUpnf;xm;yHkudkvnf;
awGU&onf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;yHkudk yHkaoenf;jyKí oauFwjzihfjyaomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK
1-4
+ OD;aqmifemrf + emrf0dbwf
MN adj 1-4
+ hn + np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ xkdzGJUpnf;yHkt& tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGif-
- v,fwGif;udk;c½dkifudkpD&ifaom ynmowåd a½S;? pm-14? u-19
ESihfjynhfpHkaom omoe0k'¨d twå0k'¨d
y&0k'¨dwkdYudk0f tvdk&Sdaom olawmfaumif;
oabm&Sdo0f trwfawmfudk0f
- v,fwGif;udk;c½dkifudkpD&ifaom adj
- ynmowådESihf jynhfpHkaom adj
- omoe0k'¨d twå0k'¨d y&0k'¨d adj
wkdYudk0f tvkd&Sdaom
- olawmfaumif;oabm&Sdaom adj
- trwfawmf hn
- udk0f np
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 481
- ZrÁL'dyfuRef;wGif twkr&Sdo0f bkefwefcdk0f a½S;? pm-77? u-15-16
ynmo'¨gESihf jynhfpHkrfwfrlo0f bkef;\
tvGefBuD;jrwfwfrlvSo0f qifz’Locif
toQif b0&Sifrif;w&m;BuD;bk&m;onf
- ZrÁL'dyfuRef;wGif twkr&Sdaom adj
- bkef;wefcdk0fynmo'¨gESihf adj
jynhfpHkrfwfrlo0f
- bkef;\ tvGefBuD;jrwfwf adj
rlvSo0f
- qifz’Locif adj
- toQifb0&Sifrif;w&m;BuD; hn
bk&m;
- onf np
OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK av;ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f zGJUpnf;yHkudk tavhvmcH
ausmufpmwkdYwGif (2)Budrfom a&;xdk;xm;onfudk awGU&Sd&onf/
2? 1? 5/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK ig;ckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK
ig;ckESifh OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwfygaom zGJUpnf;yHkudkvnf; awGU&Sd
&onf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;yHkudk yHkaoenf;jzihf oauFwjzihf jy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK
1-5
+ OD;aqmifemrf + emrf0dbwf
MN adj 1-5
+ hn + np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ tavhvmcHausmufpmwGifvnf; þodkYaom emrftxl;jyK
rsm;pGmESihf zGJUpnf;yHkudkvnf; awGU&onf/
482 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
- wwd,&mZ0ifrif;w&m;u’D; bk&;\ a½S;? pm-89? u-23
o;wf tppf r’wf &ifESpfvQif z’pfwf
rlxo0f bkef;wefcdk0ftmPm u’ufoa&
aevuJhodkU0f 0if0ify½k,f omoem
0k¹d avmu0k¹d [lo0f y’nfolwkdifo;pDyG;
taygifwkd0fudk0f &Gufaqmifawmfrlo0f
okemy&ef wrÜ'Dypo0fwkdifu’D; 16 wkdif\
t&Sif &wemwGif rwf r; o©dif toQif
b0&Sif rif;w&m;onf
- wwd,&mZ0ifb0&Sif adj
rif;w&m;u’D; bk&;\
om;awmftppfr’wf
&ifESpfvQif z ’pfwfrlxoif
- bkefwefcdk0ftmPm u’ufoa& adj
aevuJhodk0f 0if0ify½k,f
- omoem 0k¹d avmu0k¹d adj
[lo0f y’nfolwdk0f o;pD;yGm;
taygif wkd0fudk0f &Gufaqmif
awmfrlo0f
- okemy&ef wrÜ'dypo0f adj
wkdif;u’D;16wdk0f\t&Sif
- &wemwGif rwfr;o©dif adj
- toQifb0&Sif rif;w&m; hn
- onf np
þuJhodkY emrftxl;jyKaygif;rsm;pGmwkdYESihf zGJUpnf;xm;&SdrIudk a&S;pmay
a&;zGJUrIwkdYwGif trsm;qHk; awGU&Sd&onf/ emrftxl;jyKaygif;rsm;pGmESihf zGJUpnf;
xm;&SdaomaMumihf t"du qkdvkdcsufudk csufcsif;rodEkdifay/
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 483
2? 1/ 6/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK wpfck? ESpfck ESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGif emrf0dbwf rygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyK
wpfck odkUr[kwf ESpfck yg0ifNyD; OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwf
ryg0ifaom zGJUpnf;rIrsdK;udkvnf; awGU&onf/ þzGJUpnf;yHkudk bmomaA't&
yHkaoenf;xkwfí oauFwjzihf azmfjy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK
(1-2)
+ OD;aqmifemrf
MN adj (1-2)
+ hn
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ tavhvmcH ausmufpmwkdYwGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif
emrftxl;jyK wpfck? ESpfck ESihf OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGif emrf0dbwf
ryg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f tzGJUrsm;udk avhvmwifjyygrnf/
- bk&m;&Sifudk0f u’nfvif wkyfy’yf nGwfqnf a½S;? pm-86? u-2
uyf o0f ok'óerif;
- bk&m;&Sifudk u’nfvif wkyfy’yf adj
nGwfqnf uyfo0f
- ok'óerif; hn
- r&f 5;udk0fxG;xG;nufnuf y,fbsuf a½S;? pm-87? u-5
ckwfwGif atmifr’ifawf rlo0f bk&m;od©if
- rm&f5;ukd0fxG;xG;nufnuf adj
y,fbswfckwfxGif atmifr’if
awfrlo0f
- bk&m;o©dif hn
- &wemrdk,f;u’d; tz’D;z’D;o0f apwem a½S;? pm-98? u-35
- &wemrkd,f;u’D; tz’D;z’D;o0f adj
- apwem hn
484 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
- opfap;[ifoywm; a&TaiG tp&Sdonf a½S;? pm-14? u-25
wkd0fjzihfwihfw,f½IbG,fvSpGmaom vQyfppf
a&TawmifxG#f uJhodk0faom apwDawmf
- opfap;[ifoywm; a&TaiG adj
tp&Sdonfwkd0fjzihf wifhw,f
½IbG,fvSpGmaom
- vQyfppfa&TawmifxG#f adj
uJhodk0faom
- apwDawmf hn
- tóZmenfjrif;ysHuao0f ewf&xm;uJhodkY a½S;? pm-45? u-25
tvGefvQif ½IbG,f&Sdao0f a&TaiG ywåjrm;
zefrSeftxd qef;Mu,fpGm wefqmqif
tyfaom jrif;&xm;
- tóZmenf jrif;ysHuao0f adj
ewf&xm;uJhodkU tvGefvQif
½IbG,f&Sdao0f
- a&TaiGywåjrm; zefrSeftwd adj
qef;Mu,fpGm wefqmqif
tyfaom
- jrif;&xm; hn
- bkef;awmftvGefBuD;jrwfawmfrlvSaom pMum a½S;? pm-45? u-25
qifjzLrsm;od©if b0&Sif tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;
- bkef;awmftvGefBuD;jrwfawmf adj
rlvSaom
- pMumqifjzLrsm; od©if adj
- b0&Siftavmif;rif;w&m;BuD; hn
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 485
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGif emrf0dbwf ryg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f
rsm;udk tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGif (28)Budrf a&;xdk;xm;onfudk awGU&onf/
azmfjyxm;jcif; r&Sdaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udk aemufqufwGJwGif qufvuf
azmfjyygrnf/
2? 1? 7/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUrS emrftxl;jyKaom udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; wnfaqmuf&mwGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGif
udef;*Pef;qkdif&m emrftxl;jyKrsm;vnf; yg&Sdonf/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUrS
txl;jyK&mwGif ta&twGufudkjyaom rsdK;jypum;vHk;udkoHk;í udef;*Pef;qkdif&m
txl;jyKjcif;rsdK;udk trsm;qHk; awGU&onf/ OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrf0dbwf
ygonfvnf;&Sdí rygonfvnf; &Sdygonf/ ,if;zGJUpnf;yHkudk yHkaoenf;xkwfí
oauFwjzihf azmfjy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK ... + OD;aqmifemrf emrf0dbwf
MN adj … + hn np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUrS emrftxl;jyKwpfckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufrS emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udk OD;pGmwifjyNyD;rS
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufrS emrf0dbwf ryg0ifaom zGJUpnf;yHkudk wifjyoGm;rnf
jzpfygonf/
- oHk;yg;o0f omoemwfudk a½S;? pm-23? u-36
- oHk;yg;o0f adj
- omoemwf hn
- udk np
- 30 o0f yg&rDwkd0f udk0f a½S;? pm-79? u-4
- 30 o0f adj
- yg&rDwkd0f hn
- udk0f np
486 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
- 84000 aom apwDtaygif;wkdYwGif a½S;? pm-19? u-33
- 84000 aom adj
- apwDtaygif;wdkY hn
- wGif np
- ajcmufyg;o0f a&mifjcnfwf a½S;? pm-32? u-15
- ajcmufyg;o0f adj
- a&mifjcnfwf hn
- oHkrfoG,faomuyf a½S;? pm-71? u-10
- oHkrfoG,faom adj
- uyf hn
txufazmfjyyg OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUrS udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyKemrfyk'f
zGJUpnf;xm;yHkwGif OD;aqmifemrf\aemufrS emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom zGJUpnf;yHkudk
(5)Budrf awGU&NyD; emrf0dbwf yg0ifrIr&Sdaom zGJUpnf;yHktBudrf (20) a&;xdk;xm;
onfudk awGU&onf/ azmfjyxm;jcif;r&Sdaom txl;jyKemrfyk'fwkdYudk aemufqufwGJwGif
azmfjyygrnf/
2?2/ OD;aqmifemrf\aemufrS emrftxl;jyKygaom udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; wnfaqmuf&mwGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGifomru
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufuyg txl;jyKEkdifygonf/ xkduJhodkY OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufrS txl;jyKEkdifaom emrftxl;jyKonf tenf;qHk; wpfck yg&Sd&rnf/ ESpfck
oHk;ck ponfjzifhvnf; yg0ifEkdifonf/ tuefYtowf r&Sday/ OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufrSaeí txl;jyK&mwGifvnf; rsdK;jypum;vHk;udk oHk;í udef;*Pef;qkdif&m
toHk;jyKjcif;tjyif emrftxl;jyKudkvnf; xyfrHawGU&Sd&onf/ ,if;tzGJUtpnf;yHk
wkdYudk yHkaoenf;xkwfí oauFwjzihf azmfjy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f OD;aqmifemrf + emrftxl;jyK ... emrf0dbwf
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 487
MN hn + adj … np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ þzGJUpnf;yHkt& tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;&Sd udef;*Pef;
qkdif&m txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udk wifjyygrnf/ þwGif emrftxl;jyK\aemufwGif
emrf0dbwf ryg&Sdaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;xm;&SdrIudk OD;pGmwifjyNyD;rS
emrf0dbwfygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f zGJUpnf;yHkESihf udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyKjcif;
tjyif emrftxl;jyK xyfrHyg&Sdaom zGJUpnf;yHkudk azmfjyygrnf/
- omoemoHk;yg; a½S;? pm-23? u-13
- omoem hn
- oHk;yg; adj (Num+CL)
- p&yfawmf 4aqmif a½S;? pm-23? u-42
- p&yfawmf hn
- 4aqmif adj (Num+CL)
- y&du©&m&Spfyg; a½S;? pm-30? u-14
- y&du©&m hn
- &Spfyg; adj (Num+CL)
- b0oHk;yg;EdIuf a½S;? pm-43? u-53
- b0 hn
- oHk;yg; adj (Num+CL)
- EdIuf np
- &wemjrwf 3y; a½S;? pm-102? u-31
- &wem hn
- jrwf adj
- 3y; adj (Num+CL)
488 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
ukef;abmifacwf tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;wGif OD;aqmifemrfaemufrS
emrftxl;jyKygaom udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;wGif emrf0dbwf
ygaom zGJUpnf;yHkudk tenf;i,fom awGU&Sd&í emrf0dbwf rygaom zGJUpnf;rIudk
trsm;qHk; awGU&onf/ OD;aqmifemrf\aemufrS udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyK
emrfyk'ftzGJUrsm;udk (33)Budrf awGU&onf/ OD;aqmifemrf\aemufwGif emrftxl;jyK
ESpfckom trsm;qHk;xnhfí a&;zGJUonf/ azmfjy&ef usef&Sdaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f
rsm;udk aemufqufwGJwGif qufí azmfjyygonf/
2? 3/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUaemufwkdUrS emrftxl;jyKygaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
þzGJUpnf;yHkü txl;jyKemrfyk'fwGif OD;aqmifemrfonf rygrjzpf yg&rnf/
OD;aqmifemrfudk txl;jyKaom emrftxl;jyKrsm;onfvnf; OD;aqmifemrf\
a&SUESifh aemufwkdUwGif wpfNydKifeufwnf; yg&rnfjzpfonf/ OD;aqmifemrf\
a&SUwGif emrftxl;jyKwpfckru ESpfck oHk;ck ponfjzihf yg0ifzGJUpnf;Ekdifaomfvnf;
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGif emrftxl;jyK wpfckom trsm;qHk; awGU&onf/
emrftxl;jyK\ aemufwGif emrf0dbwf ygonfvnf;&Sdí rygonfvnf; &SdEkdif
onf/ ,if;udk yHkaoenf;jyKí oauFwjzihf jy&aomf-
txl;jyKemrfyk'f emrftxl;jyK ... + OD;aqmifemrf + emrftxl;jyK... + emrf0dbwf
MN adj… + hn adj…. + np
[lí azmfjyygrnf/ OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUaemufrS emrftxl;jyKwpfckpD yg0ifNyD;
emrf0dbwf yg0ifzGJUpnf;xm;aomtzGJUudk tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGif atmufyg
twkdif; awGU&onf/ ¤if;wkdYudk oauFwjyKí azmfjyoGm;rnf jzpfonf/
MN adj + hn + adj + np
- edAÁmefqdyfOD;trnfwf[dao0f a½S;? pm-35? u-38
apwDawmfBuD;udk
- edAÁmefqdyfOD; trnfwf[dao0f adj
- apwDawmf hn
- BuD; adj
- udk np
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 489
- oHawmif120 r’ihf o0f jyom'fwfBuD;udk a½S;? pm-87? u-13
- oHawmif 120 r’ihfho0f adj
- jyom'fwf hn
- BuD; adj
- udk np
- edAÁmefwnf;[laom0f xkdrSmbufurf;odkY a½S;? pm-46? u-54
aqmifu,f,lEkdifao0f or®moarÁm"dqkjrwfudk
- edAÁmefwnf;[lao0f adj
xkdrSmbufurf;odkY
aqmifu,f,lEkdifao0f
- or®moar®m"dqk hn
- jrwf adj
- udk np
- r[medAÁmefwnf;[laom a&TjynfBuD;udk0f a½S;? pm-58? u-9
- r[medAÁmefwnf;[laom adj
- a&Tjynf hn
- BuD; adj
- udk0f np
490 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
MN adj… + hn + adj
- a0Z,EÅm &wemewfeef; AdrmefuJhodk0f a½S;? pm-87? u-13
tvGef qef;u’,fpGm taqmif 40 z’ihf
&Ho0f a&Teef;wfu’D;
- a0Z,EÅm &wem ewfeef; adj
AdrmefuJhodk0f tvGef
qef;u’,fpGm taqmif
40 z’ifh&Ho0f
- a&Teef;awmf hn
- u’D; adj
- tvs; t;z’ihf oHwm 250 teHt;z’ifh a½S;? pm-90? u-35
vl 40tNydKif oG;omo0fwefw;wfu’D;
- tvs;t;z’ihf oHwm 250 adj
teH t;z’ihf vl40tNydKif
oG;omo0f
- wefw;wf hn
- u’D; adj
- aNrd,fBuD;ivsifyJhwifwfvnf; ½dkufMunf; a½S;? pm-25? u-28
a,Of0ef;usif pMu0Vmjyif;pGm
wkefvIyfjcif;[lo0f edrdwfwfBuD;
- ajrd,fBuD;ivsifyJhwifwfvnf; adj
½dkufMunf; a,Of0ef;usif
pMu0Vmjyif;pGm wkefvIyfjcif;
[lo0f
- edrdwfwf hn
- BuD; adj
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 491
- bHkrftqifhqifh rSefuif 12ql z’ihf a½S;? pm-90? u-34
qefu’,fpGm a&TawmifaygufouJhokd0f
o0f yd#uwfwkdufwfu’D;
- bHktqihfqifh rSefuif adj
12ql z’ihf qefu’,fpGm
a&TawmifaygufouJhodk0fo0f
- yd#uwfwdkufwf hn
- u’D; adj
MN adj1 + adj
2 + hn + adj + np
- BuD;pGmaom £E´eDvm tqif;[daom a½S;? pm-33? u-22
ausmufBuD;udk
- BuD;pGmaom adj
- £E´eDvm tqif;[daom adj
- ausmuf hn
- BuD; adj
- udk np
- BuD;us,fwifhw,fvSpGm ao0f bHktqihfqifh a½S;? pm-43? u-33
t&H taqmifaqmifjzihf qef;us,f
wihfw,fao0f ausmif;awmfBuD;onf
- BuD;us,fwihfw,fvSpGmao0f adj
- bHktqifhqihft&H taqmifaqmifjzihf adj
qef;us,fwihfw,fao0f
- ausmif;awmf hn
- BuD; adj
- onf np
492 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
MN adj1 + adj
2 + hn + adj
- rSefuif; 24ql pdefy’H 40 rkwfeefOuif 8&uf a½S;? pm-90? u-35
pdefy’H 16ql z’ihfwifhw,fpGm o0f 2xyfo0f
r[m&HwHwdkif;wf u’D;
- rSefuif; 24ql pdefy’H 40 adj
rkwfeefOuif8&uf pdefy’H
16 ql z’ifhwifhw,fpGm o0f
- 2xyfo0f adj
- r[m&HwHwkdif;wf hn
- u’D; adj
- *kP0,t;z’ifhoCFrdz’pfo0f wdyd#uvuFm& a½S;? pm-97? u-29
omrdr[m"r®&mZm"d&mZm *k½k[lo0f
wHqdyfwf&Sdo0f q&mwfr’wf
- *kP0,t;z’ihf oCFrdz’pfo0f adj
- wdyd#uvuFm&omrd adj
r[m"r®&mZm"d&mZm *k½k[lo0f
wHqdyfwf&Sdo0f
- q&mwf hn
- r’wf adj
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 493
MN adj(1-6)
+ hn + adj + np
- a&G;cs,fpdppf½k,fcsD;jr§ihfudk;uG,fawfrlao0f a½S;? pm-44? u-38
pwkyg&d ok'¨dav;yg; jzLxGm;oefU&Sif;
pifMu,f jynhfpHkao0f omoemawmf\
tjrpfyifpnf obG,f jzpfawmfrlao0f
ZrÁL'dyf0,f taMutnm 'dom&Spf&yf
ESHYpyf ausmfapmao0f y&d,wfy#dywf
pao0f txl;xl;o0f *kPfESihf jynhfpHkao0f
ZrÁL'Dy teEÅ"Zr[m"r®&mZm*k½k[lao0f
emrH wHqdyfawmfjzihf csD;jr§ihfudk;uG,fawf
rlao0f q&mawmfjrwftm;
- a&G;cs,fpdppf½k,f csD;jr§ihf adj-1
udk;uG,fawfrlao0f
- pwkyg&dok'¨dav;yg;jzLxGm; adj-2
oefU&Sif; pifMu,fjynhfpHkao0f
- omoemawmf\tjrpfyifpnf adj-3
obG,fjzpfawmfrlao0f
- ZrÁL'dyf0,f taMutnm 'dom adj-4
&Spf&yfESHYpyf ausmfapmao0f
- y&d,wf y#dywf pao0f adj-5
txl;xl;ao0f *kPfESihf
jynhfpHkao0f
- ZrÁL'Dy teEÅ"Zr[m"r®&mZm adj-6
*k½k[lao0f emrHwHqdyfawfjzihf
csD;jr§ihfudk;uG,fawfrlao0f
- q&mawmf hn
- jrwf adj
- tm; np
494 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUaemufrS emrftxl;jyKygaom zGJUpnf;yHkudk tavhvmcH
ausmufpmrsm;wGif txufazmfjycJhonhftwkdif; awGU&Sd&onf/ tavhvmcH
ausmufpmrsm;wGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUaemufrS emrftxl;jyKwpfckpD yg0ifNyD;
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufrS emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f (8)ckESihf
emrf0dbwf ryg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f (12)ck? OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUrS
emrftxl;jyK ESpfckESihf OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufrS emrftxl;jyK wpfck yg0ifNyD;
emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom txl;jyKemrfyk'f (4)ckESifh emrf0dbwf ryg0ifaom
txl;jyKemrfyk'f (3)cktjyif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUrS emrftxl;aygif; (6)ckESihf
OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufrS emrftxl;jyK (1)cktjyif emrf0dbwf yg0ifaom
txl;jyKemrfyk'fudkvnf; awGU&onf/
emrftxl;jyKudk OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUESihfaemufwkdUü wpfNydKifeufxm;í
zGJUpnf;xm;aom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;wGif OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUü emrftxl;jyK
ESpfck oHk;ck av;ck ig;ck ponfjzihf zGJUpnf;xm;aomfvnf; OD;aqmifemrf\
aemufwGifrl emrftxl;jyK wpfckom trsm;qHk; awGU&onf/ azmfjy&ef usef&Sd
aeaom txl;jyKemrfyk'ftzGJUrsm;udk aemufqufwGJwGif qufvufazmfjyygrnf/
NcHKiHkoHk;oyfcsuf
þpmwrf;onf ukef;abmifacwf ouú&mZf (1114 rS 1247) ckESpf
twGif; awGU&Sd&aom tvSLrSwfwrf;wifausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyKygaom
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;xm;yHkudk bmomaA'enf;t& avhvmwifjyxm;
ygonf/ bmompum;wGif tajymbmompum;ESihf ta&;bmompum; [lí
(2)rsdK;&Sd&m ta&;bmompum;udk tajccHí avhvmwifjyxm;ygonf/ bmom
pum;udk tajccHí pmayzGJUpnf;wnfaqmuf&mwGif o'́gzGJUpnf;yHkudk vnf;aumif;?
t"dyÜg,fxnhfoGif;zGJUpnf;yHkudk vnf;aumif; avhvm&ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh
o'´gzGJUpnf;ykHjzpfaom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;\ zGJUpnf;xm;yHkudk o'´gpnf;urf;
ESihf avhvmwifjycJhonf/
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;xm;&SdyHkudk avhvm&mwGifvnf; emrftxl;jyKudk
OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUwGifxm;í zGJUpnf;xm;aom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;? emrf
txl;jyKudk OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGifxm;í zGJJUpnf;xm;aom txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm;ESihf emrftxl;jyKudk OD;aqmifemrf\ a&SUESihfaemufwGifxm;í zGJUpnf;
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 495
xm;aom txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;[k oHk;rsdK;cGJí yHkaoenf;rsm;xkwfum bmomaA'
tjrifjzihf oHk;oyfwifjycJhygonf/
tavhvmcHausmufpmwkdYwGif emrftxl;jyKtjzpf emrf? Bud,m pum;vHk;
rsm;ESihf twGJrsm;aomypönf;rSm ]aom} jzpfNyD; rsdK;jyESihfta&twGufudk wGJí
oHk;aom udef;*Pef;qkdif&m txl;jyKrsm;udkvnf; awGU&onf/
OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif&Sdaom emrftxl;jyKrsm;udk avhvmMunhfvQif
wpfckru wkd;csJUzGJUpnf;xm;onfudk awGU&onf/ OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUwGif txl;jyKemrf
aygif;rsm;pGm xnhfoGif;a&;zGJUxm;aomfvnf; OD;aqmifemrf\ aemufwGifrl
emrftxl;jyKwpfckom trsm;qHk; xnhfoGif;a&;zGJUxm;&SdrIudk awGU&onf/
þodkUjzihf OD;aqmifemrf\a&SUrS emrftxl;jyKaygif;rsm;pGmjzifh a&;zGJUavh
&Sdonfh ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmpmaya&;zGJUrIudk od&SdEkdifonhfjyif xkdacwf\
a&;[efudkvnf; ay:vGifapcJhygonf/ a&S;jrefrmpma&;zGJUrIwkdYwGif rsm;aom
tm;jzihf jrefrmo'´gt& teuft"dyÜm,ft& qufpyfaeonhf txl;jyKrsm;jzihf
a&;zGJUxm;onhf ta&;tom;rsm; rsm;pGmyg0ifaeaMumif;udkvnf; avhvmrd
ygonf/ þpmwrf;onf ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmausmufpmrsm;vm txl;jyK
emrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;xm;&SdrIudk avhvmrIjyKcJhonhf pmwrf;jzpfNyD; ukef;abmifacwf
jrefrmpma&;zGJUrIudk avhvmvdkolrsm;twGuf wpfaxmihf wpfae&mrS taxmuf
tul jyKEkdifvdrfhrnf[k ,HkMunfrdygonf/
ed*Hk;
þpmwrf;onf ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmouú&mZf (1114 rS 1247) ckESpf
twGif;&Sd tvSLrSwfwrf;wifausmufpmrsm;vm txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;udk bmomaA'
tjrifjzihf avhvmwifjyxm;jcif; jzpfygonf/ ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmausmufpm
rsm;wGif a&;zGJUcJhaom txl;jyKyk'ftzGJUrsm;onf ,aeYacwf txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
zGJUpnf;xm;&SdrIESihf tenf;i,fom uGmjcm;rI&Sdonf/ þuGmjcm;rIrSm ukef;abmif
acwfxkd; ausmufpmwkdYwGif wpfckruaom emrftxl;jyKrsm; rsm;pGmjzihf zGJUpnf;
xm;jcif;jzpfNyD; ,aeYacwf jrefrmpma&;zGJUrIwGifrl þodkYaom emrftxl;jyKaygif;
rsm;pGmjzihf a&;zGJUrIudk rawGU&oavmufyif enf;yg;onf/ &Snfvsm;pGmaom
emrftxl;jyKrsm;jzihf a&;zGJUrIonf t"duqkdvkdcsufudk csufcsif; rodEkdifbJ
jzpfaponf/ rnfodkYyifqkdapumrl ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmausmufpmrsm;rS
496 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm; zGJUpnf;yHkudk avhvmjcif;onf ukef;abmifacwfwGif a&;xkd;
cJhonhf jrefrmausmufpmrsm;rS jrefrmpma&;zGJUrIqkdif&m oabmobm0udk avhvmcGifh
&ygonf/ ukef;abmifacwfonf pmya'omacwf[k wifpm;ac:&avmufatmif
0daoo tzGJUtEGJUrsm;jzihf vufpGrf;jya&;zGJUcJhMujcif; jzpf&m ausmufpmpum;ajy
ta&;tom;rsm;üyg 0daootzGJUtEGJUrsm; yg0ifaeonfudk awGU&Sd&onf/
bmompum;avhvmrI½IaxmifhrS MunhfvQif 0gus&SnftzGJUrsm;aMumihf ausmufpm
pum;ajy\ &Sif;vif;jcif;*kPf&nfudk xdcdkufEkdifaomfvnf; ukef;abmifacwf pmay
a&pD;aMumif;twkdif; a&;xkd;cJhjcif; jzpfonf[k ,lqEkdifygonf/
usrf;udk;pm&if;
jrefrmbmom
cifrif? armif("EkjzL)/ (1992)/ jrefrmbmompum;ynm&Sifrsm;ESihf bmompum;tjrif/
&efukef? qkpmay/
cifrif? armif("EkjzL)/ (2013)/ bmompmay taoG;ta&mif tqiftuGuf (yBudrf)/
&efukef? &mjynhfpmay/
cifrif? armif("EkjzL)/ (2016)/ jrefrmpum;taMumif; waphwapmif;/ &efukef/
vif;vGef;cifpmaywkduf/
xGef;jrihf? OD;/ (1995)/ bmomaA'/ &efukefwuúodkvf? *sDtD;pD (ynma&;)? or0g,r
bPfvdrdwuf/
jrefrmpmtzGJU/ (2016)/ jrefrmo'´g (w-Budrf)/ jrefrmpmESihfbmompum; ynma&;
OD;pD;Xme/
,Ofaus;rI0efBuD;Xme/ (2013)/ a&S;a[mif;jrefrmausmufpm (q|rwGJ)/ &efukef?
a&S;a[mif;okawoeOD;pD;Xme? trsdK;om;jywkdufESihfpmMunfhwkdufOD;pD;Xme/
atmifjrihfOD;? a'gufwm/ (2010)/ bmompum;okawoe/ &efukef? "l0Hpmtkyfwkduf/
t*Fvdyfbmom
Okell, John and Anna Allott. (2001). Burmese/ Myanmar Dictionary of Grammatical Forms.
Richmord; Curzon Press.
Okell, John. (1969). A REFERENCE GRAMMAR OF COLLOQUIAL BURMESE.
LONDON; Oxford University Press.
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 497
twkdaumuftñTef;
adj = adjectival
CL = classifier
hn = head noun
MN = modifier noun phrase
Num = numberal
np = noun particle
a&S; = a&S;a[mif;jrefrmausmufpmrsm;
pm = pmrsufESm
u-1 = ausmufpmaMumif;a& - 1
pmrJhtrSwftom;
= zGJUpnf;yHkjyoauFw
= &SdEkdif r&SdEkdif oauFw
... = wpfckxufydkaMumif;jy oauFw
498 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
aemufqufwGJ(u)
tavhvmcHukef;abmifacwfausmufpmrsm;
pOf ausmufpmtrnf ausmufpm
trsdK;tpm;
ckESpf
1 a*gwr*l ausmufpm rlvxkd; 1119
2 ajcawmf&m ausmufpm / 1122
3 a&Twefqmbk&m; ausmufpm / 1124
4 a&TMuuf,ufrkaw¬mbk&m; ausmufpm / 1125
5 a&Trkaw¬mapwD ausmufpm / 1126
6 edAÁmefqdyfOD;bk&m; ausmufpm (u) / 1126
7 edAÁmefqdyfOD;bk&m; ausmufpm (c) / 1126
8 bHkpHwkvTwfausmif; ausmufpm(u) / 1127
9 bHkpHwkvTwfausmif; ausmufpm(c) / 1127
10 &efatmifr*FvmapwD ausmufpm / 1129
11 yk*Ha&Tpnf;cHk ausmufpm / 1130
12 odrfatmif ausmufpm / 1133
13 yefpGmq&mawmf t&kd;tkd; ausmufpm / 1135
14 jynfedAÁmefbk&m; ausmufpm / 1135
15 jrifrdrkaw¬mbk&m; ausmufpm
(txufydkif;)
/ 1138
16 jrifrdrkaw¬mbk&m; ausmufpm
(atmufykdif;)
/ 1138
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 499
pOf ausmufpmtrnf ausmufpm
trsdK;tpm;
ckESpf
17 tif;0qifjzL&Sifrif; tvSLjyKaom
ausmufpm
/ 1138
18 tif;0rdk;xdausmif; ausmufpm (u) / 1139
19 tif;0rdk;xdausmif; ausmufpm (c) / 1139
20 r[modrfawmf ausmufpm / 1139
500 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
aemufqufwGJ(c)
tavhvmcHausmufpmrsm;rS txl;jyKemrfyk'frsm;
MN adj + hn + np
- oAÁnK&Sifawmfbk&m;\ omoemawmfonf a&S;? pm-13? u-90
- ESvHkwfra&mif&Jxl;uJo0fapwemjzihf a&S;? pm-90? u-30
- tjrifwaxmifaqmifo0fodMum;ewfonf a&S;? pm-66? u-62
- &Td,fxD;a&Td,feef;ajymifajymif xGef;½k,fh a&S;? pm-24? u-19
yGifhvif;pGmaom omoemawmfonf
- oHo&m0,f epfrGef;ukefo0fowå0g a&S;? pm-70? u-28
taygif;wkd0ftm;
- oAÁnK&Sifawmfbk&m;\ omoemawmfonf a&S;? pm-13? u-5
- ajrjyifom,m MoZm&Sdaomt&yfü a&S;? pm-14? u-21
- jrwfaom xD;aqmif;jynfaxmifrif;wkdYudk a&S;? pm-20? u-30
- cHwGif;rSxGufaom tcdk;tvQHonf a&S;? pm-25? u-31
- oDvESihfjynfhpHko0folawmfaumif;wkdYudk a&S;? pm-30? u-4
- r*¾if&Spfyg;[laom oabFmavSjzihf a&S;? pm-38? u-60
- oefY&Sif;pifaom ajrjyifudk a&S;? pm-42? u-28
- xl;jrwfpGmaomw&m;awmfudk a&S;? pm-46? u-50
- b0oHk;yg;EdIufjzpfaom ork',opömudk a&S;? pm-46? u-53
- edAÁmef[laom ab;r,hfjynfodk0f a&S;? pm-65? u-55
- jynfedAÁmeftrnf&Sdo0fbk&m;&Siftm; a&S;? pm-77? u-13
- teEÅpuú0VmEdIufaeukefo0f owå0g a&S;? pm-82? u-16
taygif;wkd0ftm;
- w½kyfw&uf vlr’dK0fwkd0fhudk tpdk;&o0f a&S;? pm-87? u-14
Oa'nfyG;onf
- 32yg; xif&Sm;vu©Pm t*Fg&Spfq,fa&mif a&S;? pm-24? u-19
ajcmHoG,fjzihf wihfw,fpGmo0f bk&m;ocifonf
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 501
- &mZm"d&mZmjzpfwfrlo0f tavmif;rif;w&m; a&S;? pm-25? u-23
bk&m;BuD;onf
- ZrÁL'dyfwuRef;vHk;udk tpdk;&o0f oD&d"r®m a&S;? pm-44? u-41
aomurif;onf
- BuD;pGmaomobifudk a&S;? pm-30? u-13
- oAÁnKw txGwfjrwfaomqkudk a&S;? pm-38? u-61
- omoemwfudk0faqmif&Gufo0fodef;Cdk0fa&muf a&S;? pm-63? u-47
rax&fonf
- bHkrforÜgEdIufusifvnf ukefo0f owå0g a&S;? pm-69? u-83
taygif;wkd0ft;
- a&Ttu©&m a&Tpma&o0f yd#uwfwf 3yHkudk0f a&S;? pm-90? u-30
- &mZlq,f0if trifrifwkd0f eifESdyfykdifo a&S;? pm-112? u-30
tpdk0f&o0f b0ocif toQifrif;w&m;BuD;onf
- ewfwumwkdYudk tpdk;&ao0f odMum;ewfrif; a&S;? pm-47? u-56
wkdY\ pnf;pdrfcsrf;omudk
- atmifolwugEkdif&m bufuif;w&m;rif;\ a&S;? pm-67? u-11
oémwfudk0f
- ynmowådAswådAvESif pHktrftif nDnGwfpGmo0f a&S;? pm-102? u-37
q&mwf oCFmwfjrwfwkd0fonf
- oémwfpD;yG;y’nfol vlwumwkd0f pD;yG;udk0f a&S;? pm-87? u-6
&GufaqmifEkdifo0f tavmif;rif;w&m;onf
- twå[dw y&[dw? y@dwvu©Pm a&S;? pm-14? u-14
trpötrnf&Sdaom trwfudk0f
- Bwdb0em wdwsm y0& y@dw r[m&mZm"dywd a&S;? pm-14? u-16
trnf&Sdaom om;awmfOy&mZmonf
- &wemodCFtrnf&Sdaom a&S;? pm-14? u-17
ukef;abmifjynfBuD;udk0f
t
502 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
MN adj 1 + adj
2 + hn + np
- txl;xl;o0faus;Zl;taygif;ESihfjynhfpHkrfwf a&S;? pm-76? u-6
rlxo0f or®morÁK'¨oHkrfavmu{,f
t"dywd rkedyk*F0 a*gwr[ktrnfwf
&o0f bk&m;ocifonf
- bkef;aw0ftvGefBuD;r’wfawmfrlv So0fqifz’L a&S;? pm-84? u-13
ocif toQifb0&Sifrif;w&m;uD;bk&m;onf
MN adj 1 + adj
2 + adj
3 + hn + np
- 16; o0fÓPfwfudk tpdk;&wfrl½k,fatmifolwkdY a&S;? pm-86? u-2
xGufz’; 5rm&fatmifr’if bk&m;&Sifukd0f
- tcsif;,lZem 1203450? t0ef;,lZem a&S;? pm-22? u-5-6
3610350 [daom oHk;q,fwbHkESihfwuG
pMum0Vm wkdufaygif;uka# waomif;rQaom
xuf0ef;usift&yfwkdYEdIuf ouúa'0E´
o[óaewåd[laom trnfjzihf ausmapm
xif&Sm; odMum; wpfaomif;vd,faxmifaom
pwkr[m&mZfewfrif;wkdYonf
- wkdifu’D; 16 wkdifudk0f tpdk;&wf rl½k,f a&S;? pm-86? u-4
&efoltaygif;ukd0f atmifwfrlvsuf ZrÁL'dyf
xufwnfo0f a&TwGif aiGwGif ywår;wGif
y,ifwGif pao0f &wemwGif r’; ocif
toQif b0&Sif zkd0fwf tavmif;rif;w&m;u’D;
bk&m;onf
- 'kwd,&mZ0ifwGif b0&Sifrif;w&m;\ a&S;? pm-87? u-10
nDwf&if tppf {u&mZfvQif z’pfwfrl½k,f
&efoltaygif;udk r’ufapmif&nfum
tomvG,fulatmifwf rlo0f qifz’L&wem
od’iftoQif b0&Sifrif;w&m;u’D;
bk&m;onf
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 503
- rif;wkdY\t&Sif &wemwkdY\ocif a&S;? pm-14? u-18
txG#ftjrwf jzpfawmfrlxaom
om;awmf tavmif;bk&m;onf
MN adj + hn
- ZrÁL'DygwuRef;vHk;udk tpkd;&aom a&S;? pm-20? u-24
"r®maomurif;
- omoemwfudk xGef;0if;apEkdifo0f a&S;? pm-26? u-36
taemf&xma'0rif;
- &wem7yg;ESihfwuG vd,f;uRef;vHk;udk a&S;? pm-38? u-63
tpdk;&o0fpMumrif;
- a&Td,fNrdKUawmf a&Td,feef;awmfxD;csufawf a&S;? pm-38? u-65
apmifhaomewf
- &wem 7yg;ESihfwuG 4uRef;vHk;udk a&S;? pm-47? u-56
tpdk;&aom pMumrif;\pnf;pdrfcsrf;om
- &mZm"dywdjzpfawmfrlaom a&S;? pm-14? u-15
tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;
- ZrÁL'dyfwuRef;vHk;udk tpdk;&o0f a&S;? pm-26? u-36
to0fu "r®&mZmrif;
- omoemwfukd xGef;0if;apEkdifo0f a&S;? pm-26? u-36
taemf&xma'0rif;
- t*Faw opfapa&TaiGwkdYjzihf wefqmqifí a&S;? pm-54? u-5
wnfaom &efatmifr*FvmapwDawmf
- ewfwumwkd0fxuf jrwfo0f odMumewf a&S;? pm-
- vlwumwkd0fudk tpdk;&o0f pMumrE¨mwfrif; a&S;? pm-78? u-26
504 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
- tqHkrfpGefo0fukd,fwftz’pfEdIufbGm;wfrlo0f a&S;? pm-83? u-5
ed,fESihf wy’dKifeufayguf½k,faxmufo0f
a&TanmifAk'¨a[yif
- aAm"dorÇm&jzpfaom yg&rD udk0fjznhfpGrf; a&S;? pm-78? u-27
aqmif&Guf&onf jzpfvdk0fo0f
t&drdawå,s&Sifwfbk&m;
- ZrÁL'dyfuRef;vHkrf;ESihfwuG atmufxuf a&S;? pm-79? u-6
zDvmESpf,lZemudk tpdk;&o0f taomu
"r®&mZmrif;
- vlwumwkd0f{,f tZÆo,udk0fayurf a&S;? pm-85? u-23
z’nhfpGrfEkdifo0f ol<u,frif
- xufMoufw,lZem tpdk0f&o0f a&S;? pm-87? u-5
oD&d"r®maomurif;
- bk&m;o©if\ torådEéezl;oif u’pfwf"mwfukd0f a&S;? pm-87? u-17
xmyemwfrlo0f a&Tpnf;cHkrfapwDawmf
- tr’ifwaxmifaqmifo0f odu’m;ewfrif; a&S;? pm-90? u-31
- atmifoltaygifwkd0f\ t"dywdjzpfwfrlo0f a&S;? pm-102? u-29
bk&m;od©if
MN adj 1 + adj
2 + hn
- Oapö y’nf0,f aerrlí ygwvdykwfy’nf a&S;? pm-87? u-10
wnfo0f oD&d"r®maomurif;
- bk&m;tavgifwf pHy’wfrlo0f a'0'[ a&S;? pm-87? u-10
aumvdw uyÜd, [lao0f 3y’nfu’D;
- bkef;awmftvGefBuD;jrwfawmfrlvSaom a&S;? pm-9? u-1
pMumqifjzLrsm; o©difb0&Sif
tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 505
MN adj (Num + CL) + hn
- orÜg;o0f r*FvmBuD;wkdYonf a&S;? pm- ? u-
- 5usdwf 5a,muf o0f olaX;om;wkdYudk a&S;? pm-32? u-18
- 9 qlaom apwDawmf a&S;? pm-32? u-41
- tcsyfw&m&Sdo0f ukrk'´&mMumyGifh a&S;? pm-30? u-9
- &Spfjynfaxmifaom rif;wkdY a&S;? pm-30? u-34
- oHkrfq,fwxyf b0&yf a&S;? pm-78? u-30
- ajcmufqihfewf&Gm a&S;? pm-39? u-8
- oHk;usdyfoHk;a,Hao0f odMum;ewfrif;wkdY a&S;? pm-2? u-16
- 3yHkao0f yd#uwfawf a&S;? pm-44? u-34
- 4;o0fypönf; a&S;? pm-92? u-45
- 315; o0f u’ef vu©Pm a&S;? pm-94? u-8
- 3wef o0f apwem a&S;? pm-97? u-30
- oHk;yg;aom o0f apwem a&S;? pm-21? u-41
- 3tif apwem a&S;? pm-97? u-31
- vd,fygaom tyg,fi&,f a&S;? pm-32? u-15
MN hn + adj (Num + CL)
- omoem awmf 5 axmif a&S;? pm-30? u-6
- ppft*Fg 4yg; a&S;? pm-30? u-12
- ausmHajcmufcsyfwkdY a&S;? pm-30? u-8
- pwkr[m&mZfewfrif;av;a,muf a&S;? pm-30? u-16
- ypönf;av;yg; a&S;? pm-30? u-47
- &wem 7yg; a&S;? pm-43? u-56
506 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
- p&d, 3yg; a&S;? pm-38? u-64
- trwf 4a,muf a&S;? pm-37? u-52
- trwf 2 a,muf a&S;? pm-37? u-52
- r*¾if 8yg; a&S;? pm-38? u-60
- 'dó½Spf&yf a&S;? pm-44? u-37
- opömav;qifh a&S;? pm-46? u-54
- tkef;aygufpGmajre,f 8&yf a&S;? pm-48? u-1
- owåd 3yg; a&S;? pm-27? u-49
- &mZ"r® 10yg; a&S;? pm-27? u-49
- o*F[w&m; 4yg; a&S;? pm-27? u-49
- ty&d[med,w&m; 7yg; a&S;? pm-27? u-49
- &yfjypf &Spfyg; a&S;? pm-71? u-10
- t&yf 8 r’ufESm a&S;? pm-91? u-40
- obifonf 37 &yf a&S;? pm-97? u-33
- bHk 3 &yf a&S;? pm-98? u-36
- y&dowf&Spfyg; a&S;? pm-31? u-31
- yg&rD 10yg; a&S;? pm-43? u-56-14
- ty,f 4yg; a&S;? pm-81? u-24
- &wem 7yg; a&S;? pm-46? u-56
- yd#uwf 3yHk a&S;? pm-90? u-30
- t&yfBuD; 6yg; a&S;? pm-23? u-64
- pGef;jcif;BuD; 5yg; a&S;? pm-37? u-64
J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B 507
MN adj + hn + adj + np
- ok"r®mewfobifuJhodkY tvGefwifhw,fpGmao0f a&S;? pm-45? u-45
r[m0d[m&ausmif;awmfBuD;udk
- edAÁmefwnf;[laom acrmbufodk0f a&S;? pm-46? u-54
wifydkUEkdifo0f or®moarÁm"dqkjrwfudk
- r[medAÁmefwnf;[laom a&TjynfBuD;udk0f
- taqmifaqmifjzihf qef;Mu,fpGmao0f a&S;? pm-44? u-36
r[m0d[m& ausmif;awmfBuD;udk
MN adj + hn + adj
- rSefuif; 32 ql pdefysH 32ql rkwfeef; a&S;? pm-90? u-34
Ouif 3qihfESihfwuG wifhw,fpGmo0f
au’mifwfOD;y’mó'fwfu’D;
- wmaygif; 3206 wm&Sdaom a&TNrdKUawmfBuD; a&S;? pm-41? u-18
- bHk 7 qihf [daom a&Teef;jyó'fawmfBuD; a&S;? pm-41? u-19
- taqmifaqmifao0f t&Hjzihf qef;Mu,fao0f a&S;? pm-41? u-31
ausmif;awmfBuD;
- bHkrftqifhqihf rSefuif 12ql z’ihf qefu’,fpGm a&S;? pm-90? u-34
a&Tawmifayguf ouJhokd0f yd#uwfwkdufwfu’D;
- tvGefoz’ihfpifu’,fo0f a&uefwfu’D; a&S;? pm-90? u-35
- oCFmwf 2500 &efo0f tvSLwfu’D; a&S;? pm-90? u-36
- Munf&TifpGmo0f apwemjrwf a&S;? pm-102? u-35
508 J. Myanmar. Acad. Arts Sci. 2019 Vol. XVII. No. 6B
MN adj1 + adj
2 + hn np
- csrf;omckdifNyD; tNrdKufoD;udk0f rNiD;vdk&m a&S;? pm-58? u-9
a&G;qGwf&mjzpfaom r[medAÁmefwnf;[laom
a&TjynfBuD;udk
- r[mr*Fvma&Ttkyf urÜnf;armfuGef;wyfo0f a&S;? pm-97? u-29
bHkrf 5xyf tOD jyó'ft&Hau’mifwf r[m&H
2xyfz’ihf wihfw,fo0f au’mifwfBuD;udk
- t"dywd yk*F0 orÁK'¨ trnfwf &o0f bk&; a&S;? pm-84? u-7 o©dif{,f omoemwfr’wf