UCP Bloodborne Pathogens Recertification · Understanding BBP Hazards HIV Symptoms: • It could take many years before symptoms • Enlarged lymph nodes (swollen glands) • Lack

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UCP Bloodborne Pathogens

Recertification

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The trainer is available to answer any questions.

Please call UCP’s number 602-943-5472

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OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration:

a. In 1991 OSHA established Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 29 CFR 1910.1030

b. Set code of conduct / limit & reduce exposure

c. Protects employees from exposure to BBP or Other Potential Infectious Materials (OPIM)

d. Must be re-certified once a year

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Understanding BBP Hazards

BBP are microorganisms (viruses and bacteria)

that are present in blood and body fluids and can

cause diseases in humans.

The three most common BBP are:

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

• Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

• Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

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Other commonly recognized serious diseases:

• West Nile Virus

• Syphilis

• Tuberculosis

• Influenza

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How Infection Occurs

In order for pathogens to cause disease or

Infection the conditions are:

• Pathogen must be present

• There must be adequate quantity to overwhelm the immune response

• Suitable entry site into the body (skin cut, mucous membranes-mouth, nose, eyes.

• Susceptibility to the pathogen – weak immune system, pre-existing conditions

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):

• Causes AIDS

• No vaccine for HIV/AIDS

• Attacks white blood cells (T) destroying them

• Destroys body’s ability to fight infection

• Susceptible to opportunistic diseases such as

certain forms of pneumonia, cancer & others

• Less contagious w/transmission of 1 in 300

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HIV Symptoms:

• It could take many years before symptoms

• Enlarged lymph nodes (swollen glands)

• Lack of energy, weight loss & frequent fever

• Persistent/frequent yeast infection of the mouth or vaginal area

• Persistent/frequent skin rashes

• Short-term memory loss

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Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):

• 45 to 180 days for Incubation (120 days avg.)

• It develops gradually

• It’s discovered after fully developed.

• Only 50% to 60% infected show symptoms

• The most common & contagious virus – 1 in 3

• It is an inflammation of the liver

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Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) cont:

• No specific treatment

• It can lead to liver failure, cirrhosis (scarring) or cancer of the liver

• 90% of healthy adults recover on their own and develop antibodies

• It does not die as it comes in contact with air.

• Infectious on surface w/blood for up to 7 days

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• Loss of appetite

• Fatigue & fever

• Nausea, vomiting

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) possible symptoms:

• Abdominal pain

• Jaundice (yellow skin)

• Joint pain

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Hepatitis C Virus (HCV):

• Incubation similar to HBV, w/45-75 days avg.

• Chronic patients rarely shows signs of infections & they may not be recognized.

• Possible symptoms similar to HBV

• No vaccine available but treatment is available to get rid of the virus

• 1 in 50 chance of getting infected

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How BBPs are Spread

• Semen

• Vaginal secretions

• Fluid in brain & spinal cord

• Fluid in joints

• Fluid in lungs

• Fluid surrounding the heart

Through exchange of blood and other body fluids

• Abdominal fluid

• Saliva in dental procedures

• Amniotic fluid

• Body fluids visibly contaminated w/ blood

• Any tissue or organ disconnected from body

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How BBPs are Spread

• Urine

• Saliva

• Tears

Body fluids not infectious unless with visible blood

• Feces

• Vomit

• Mucus

The two most common ways to be infected:

• Sexual transmission

• Illegal IV (Intravenous) drug use

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How BBPs are Spread

Other ways to be infected:

• Needle stick, sharp object cut & non-intact skin exposure (abrasion, cut, pimple)

• Splash or splatter into mucus membrane – eyes mouth and nose.

• An infected mother to baby

• Through materials contaminated with blood

• There is a greater risk of infection from HBV

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How BBPs are not Spread

BBPs are NOT spread by:

• Casual contact by touching, hugging, drinking water, sharing cups or glasses, coughing, sneezing, wiping nose, changing diapers.

• Sharing equipment or facilities

• Not harbored in swimming pools, hot tubs or toilet seats.

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BBP Hazards in the Workplace

Job classification or task:

• First Aid/CPR responders (clean up spills of blood or body fluids &/or rescued breath)

• Physical aggression acts

• Self help skills assistance

• Contact with medical waste (sharp objects)

• Maintenance and janitor workers

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HBV Vaccination

• Vaccine is produce in yeast and is very safe

• Approx. 95% of healthy adults develop protective antibodies with the vaccine

• Vaccine proven to be approx. 96% effective & protects you for 25 yrs + & possibly a life time

• Protective equipment (single-use latex gloves) is not enough

• UCP offers the vaccine free of charge as long as you remain employed w/UCP

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HBV Vaccination

• Three arm inoculations over 6 month:

1st inoculation ASAP

2nd inoculation after one month

3rd inoculation at 6 month

• If you decline UCP requires a signed form

• You can request the vaccine, free of charge.

• If you decline and in the future you change your mind you can request the vaccine

• The vaccine is effective 24hrs after exposure

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Control the Hazard

When in contact with human blood or body

fluids you must:

• Understand hazards of BBP

• Follow control procedures

• Protect yourself from exposure:

1. Universal precautions

2. Personal protective equipment (PPE)

3. Engineering control

4. Work practice control

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Universal Precautions

• Assuming that all blood and body fluids are infected with BBP

• Taking UP by avoiding any unnecessary contact or inappropriate actions that could cause infection

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Gloves (new pair every time you clean up body fluids)

• Eye protection

• Masks

• Gowns or other protective clothing

• CPR mask

Personal hygiene is another exposure prevention

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Engineering Control

By removing the hazard or isolating employees

from exposure as follow:

• Using self-sheathing needles

• Providing special containers for contaminated sharp instruments

• Using disposable equipment/resuscitation bag

• “If it is wet and it comes from a human, don’t touch it without wearing gloves”

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Work Practice Controls

• Know how tasks are performed to prevent infection

• Understand and use proper procedures during emergencies

• Know how to protect yourself from infection

• Know how to clean up blood, body fluids & contaminated materials:

a. Wear gloves, use paper towels and disinfect with bleach and water diluted to 1:10 parts

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b. Replace diluted bleach/water after 24 hours

• Dispose of gloves & towels in Biohazard bag

• Do not use mop to clean spills

• Properly handle & dispose of potentially infectious materials

• Follow procedures to minimize spattering, droplets, splashing & spraying of blood or other body fluids

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• Don’t eat, drink, smoke, apply makeup, lip balm or handle contact lenses in these areas

• Wash hands before & after working with consumers

• Bending, recapping, or removing contaminated needles is prohibited except under special circumstances

• Shearing or breaking needles is prohibited

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What to do if exposed

Puncture Wound:

• Allow to bleed by “milking” the wound

• Wash the wound with soap & water

Non-Intact Skin:

• Wash hands w/water & antiseptic soap or w/ waterless disinfectant hand cleaner

• Vigorously scrub exposed areas preventing further damaging the skin

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What to do if exposed

Mucous Membranes – eyes, nose, mouth:

• Flush with large amounts or running water

Bites:

• Run cool water for at least 5 minutes

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Exposure Control Plan

Outlines the strategies to eliminate or minimize

Employees’ exposure to blood & body fluids. Site-

specific methods to reduce the risk of exposure:

• Training

• Vaccine

• Post-exposure evaluation & follow up

• Procedure for investigation & evaluation

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Post-exposure Procedures

• All exposure incidents must be reported to your supervisor

• Reports will be treated with strict confidence

• When exposed you must go to Concentra

• Post-exposure evaluation & follow-up will be provided

• Written accident report & evaluation

• Testing & consulting w/physicians or health care professional for HIV, HBV & HCV infection

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Housekeeping • Regulated waste handling includes any body

fluids, contaminated items/sharp objects

• Place them in special containers, leak-proof, labeled or color coded & closed

• Laundry – wear gloves, label items in leak-proof bags, don’t take home for laundering

• Pickup broken glassware w/tongs or brush & dustpan

• Disinfect contaminated surface w/1 part bleach & 10 parts water

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To take the test for this class, please go back to UCP’s intranet and look for :

“Recertification BBP Quiz”

The document will be locked. Please contact your trainer via email at

[email protected] for the password to

open the Quiz, print and send it to trainer.

mailto:[email protected]

Documents

UCP Bloodborne Pathogens Recertification · Understanding BBP Hazards HIV Symptoms: • It could take many years before symptoms • Enlarged lymph nodes (swollen glands) • Lack