CUNEIFORM TEXTS FROM

UABYLONIAN TABLETS, &C.,

IN THE

BRITISH MUSEUM. DIRECTOR'S LIBRBRY ORIENTAL INSTITUTE IJNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

P A R T XV.

(50 Plates.)

PRINTED BY ORDER O F THE TRUSTEES.

soLn AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM; AND AT

LONGAlIANS f? Co., 39, PATERNOSTER ROW; BERNAKD QUARITCI-I, 15, PICCADILLY ;

ASHER S: Co., 13, BEDFORD STREET, COVENT GARDEN; REGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNElZ. S: Co., PATERNOSTER I-IOUSE, CHARING CROSS ROAD;

AND

HENRY FROWDE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS, AMEN CORNER,

LONDON.

[ALL RIGHTS RESER VED.]

LONDON :

HARRISON A N D SONS,

PRINTERS I N ORDINARY T O H I S MAJESTY,

ST. MARTIN'S LANE.

CO'NTENTS.

Plate

I. Old Babylonian legends concerning the deities B&l and BGlit-ili, Shamash

and Ninlil, Mama (i.e., B&lit-ili), Ishtar, Lellu, Ishum, Adad, Sin, Ningal,

Pabilsag, etc. [Nos. 87535, 93828, and 875211 . . . ... . . . ... . . .

l

11. Early Sumerian Religious Texts :-

I . Addresses to Mullil [Nos. 2961 5 and I 39631 . . . ... . . . ... ... 2. Addresses to Enlil @&l) [Nos. 29644 and 296231 . . . . . . , . . . .

3. Addresses to Ner-unu-gal (Nergal) [No. 227411 ... ... . . . ...

4. Addresses to Mer (Adad) [No. 296311 . .. . . . . . . ... ... ...

5. Addresses to Enzu (Sin) [No. I 39301 . . . ... . . . . . . .." ...

6. Addresses to Dumu-zi (possibly Dumu-zida) [Nos. 15821, 29628, and 157951

7. Addresses to the goddess Bau [No. 850051 . .. ... . . . ... ...

8. Addresses to the goddess Nin-gir-gi-lu [No. 235841 . . . . . . . . . ... g. Miscellaneous religious compositions [Nos. 231 17, 23658, 23702, and 883841

I1 I. Assyrian and Babylonian Legends :-

I. The ~ a b l e of the Fox [No. 55470, I<. 3641, K. 8570, and K. 85771 ... . . . 2. The Fable of the Horse and the Ox [K. 3356 + D.T. 43, K. 8197, K. 8198,

K. 10916 + K. 12029, K. 9834, K. 8199, and K. 85921 ... ... . . . 3. Possible fragments of fables [S 1-7-4, 294, 81-1-27, 241, and K. 85671 . . . 4. Legends of the god ZQ [K. 3454 + K. 3935, K. 10160, K. 4628, K. 4864 +

K. 4869, K. 5187 + K. 52jg + K. 120000, and I<. 34761 ... . . . . . . 5. The Descent of Ishtar into Hades [K. 162, K. 7600, and K. 76011 ... . . . 6, The Legend of Ea and Atar-khasis (?) [I<. 3399 + K. 39341 . . . . . . ...

1V. Assyrian tablet of moral precepts [D.T. I] . . . , . . . . . ... ... . . .

Part XV. of ( ( Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets, etc.," contains texts from fifty-one baked clay tablets and fragments belonging to the Sumerian, the Old-Babylonian, the Assyrian, and the Neo-Babylonian Periods, which are preserved in the British Museurn. T h e tablets are inscribed with mythological legends and religious texts, and may be thus described :-

(I.) Plates 1-6 :-Portions of Old-BabyIonian Legends concerning the deities Be1 and Belit-ili, Shamash and Ninlil, Mama (i.e., Belit-ili), Ishtar, Lellu, Ishum, Adad, Sin, Ningal, Pabilsag, etc. All these texts are here published for the first time.

(2.) Plates 7-30 :-Early Suinerian religious texts, consisting of addresses to the deities Mullil, Enlil (BSI), Ner-unu-gal (Nergal), Mer (Adad), Enzu (Sin), Dumu-zi, Bau, Nin-gir-gi-lu, etc. All these are here published for the first time. .

(3.) Plates 3 1-49 :-Assyrian and Babylonian Legends, including the tablets inscribed with the texts of the so-called " Fable of the Fos," and the " Fable of the Horse and the Ox," and fragments of other similar compositions; the legends concerning the Storm-god, Zil ; the legend of the Descent of the goddess Ishtar into the Underworld ; and the legend of E a and Atar-khasis (?). The greater number of these tablets are here published for the first time.

(4.) Plate 50 :-The text of the Assyrian tablet of Moral Precepts (D.T. I),

which includes a number of warnings to a king against injustice. The Old-Babylonian legends published on the first six plates are of the

greatest possible interest, because of the light which they throw upon the age of Babylonian and Assyrian legends generally. I t has long been suggested that the legends inscribed upon the late Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian tablets were copied from documents of a much earlier period, and this suggestion has been confirmed during the last few years by the discovery of some fragments of legends upon tablets of the period of the First Dynasty of Babylon, i.e., about B.C. 2200-2100. In the texts here published for the first time we have examples of legends inscribed upon tablets which must date from a still earlier period. Although the legends are written in the Babylonian language, the archaic forms of the characters resemble those found upon the Sumerian tablets of accounts and upon temple-lists which were inscribed during the period of the Second Dynasty of Ur, i.e., before B.C. 2200 . The clay of which the tablets are composed also resembles that which was used by the Sumerians, who inhabited Babylonia before the Semitic Babylonians obtained complete possession of the country. I t is interesting to note that these documents contain the familiar phrases and formulz which are met with in the late Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian copies of the legends, a fact which tends to prove that much of the form, as well as the substance, of' these works is to be traced back to the earlier periods of Babylonian history.

T h e early Sumerian religious texts printed on plates 7-30 are also of great interest, for they belong to a class of literature which is now represented for the first time.

T h e copies have been made by Mr. L. W. King, M.A., Assistant in the Department.

E. A. W A L L I S BUDGE.

OLD BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 1.

87535. OBVERSE. m3~38

&&Q ~ o ~ V , 9 5 f l COL. I.

[BROKEN SURFACE?

COL. II . COL. 11. (CONTINUED)

OLD BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 2.

89535. REVERSE.

COL. v111.

COL. VIL COL. VII. (CBNTINUEDI

' O L D BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 3.

93828. OBVERSE, h RA yr /q m E a 4 , q y .

COL. 1.

OLD BABYLONlAN LEGENDS. PLATE 4.

93%28. OBVERSE.( CONTINUED,

COL. II.

OLD BABYLONSAN LEGENDS. PLATE S.

87521. Ra fq. OBVERSE. && ,!3f-w?m&

OLD BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 6.

$7621. REVERSE.

EARLY SUMERIAM REtllGlOUS TEXT'S. PLATE 7.

OBVERSE.

EaRLY SUMSR1.X\.!WREk.IGlOUS TEXTS; PLATE 8.

29615. OBVERSE ICONTINUED).

REVERSE.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 9.

29618. REVERSE (CONTINUED)..

l

I

I l 1 I

f

I 1' l t

EARLY SUMERlAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 10.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 11. .&-,A . < B E . /96p

29644. OBVERSE.

f . 2 . .

EARLY SUMERIAN REL101QUS TEXTS.

29644..

PLATE 12.

REVERSE.

[ V R O K E N S ~ T R F A C E ]

EARLY SISMERIAN RELIGIQUS TEXTS. PLATE 13.

- . ::::::,,:

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-:...;a.. :.'.:.':.::r?.:i.,: ,::.,. :.., ..:::; .. .-' .:............. ..:,.: :.. .* ... :... ... .. @*W FT- .r.:; ,:

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RJFT "WBf-m FJ'W : ...................... ..,::::X:< '.:... ...... .... .i.

:::::::..: .'. .:.,.: ,:'. :..U

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............. ,.; .:.. ..'$..' ........... : g '.::'::.. g; : r<;,::;,;.;;<:,. :: .

..................... ....... :'.. ............ : ........ :.:..::..

m$f H m .F;\y2;;:;;: ..; ...:. ;::.',)';-:c; ... , b..:: :;. .:. .:, ..::::.. ....... .,": -';. : ....

<if-f=Y-*GW W FT : . ,::,:.?) a<::~:::, :.3,::

.'.';. : ....... ............. -.. .. .:,.. . :.: ~ n w ~ F M+n . R ::.S'

W %RH, - ~. W * ~ ~ r n @

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 14.

22741.

OBVERSE.

LSS , ? Z f * YsP,- ,q2t'

EARLY SUMERIAM RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 15.

OBVERSE.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 16.

REVERSE.

EARLY SldMERlAN REL~G~OUS TEXTS. PLATE 17.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 18. ,*,, &d. ZS6#',

$Li$) SE73.3Lf7&9. 15821. X-. T&. 226g

I,

OBVERSE.

REVERSE.

EARLY SWVIERlAN RELlGldUS TEXTS. PLATE 19,

a r n-+<pp *,p=

EARLY SUWERlAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 20.

15795. ~-XL+,~P&?& LCu*, h2l.zs.p.

OBVERSE. W - S B PO . 3//JP. '3-. /g. Wf.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 21.

15795.

REVERSE.

. . .

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 22.

REVERSE

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 23,

23584.

EARLY SUMERlAlV RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 24. q S B R ~ ?

23117.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 25.

S;&*. IcycuJ*& .MP.

23117.

REVERSE.

% M W Kkm W FP-

EARLY SUMERlAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 26.

OBVERSE.

I i

m - w G * m 1

EARLY SUMERlAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 27.

REVERSE.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS. PLATE 28.

OBVERSE.

EARLY SUMERlAN RELlGlOUS TEXTS. PLATE 29.

23702.

REVERSE.

EARLY SUMERIAN RELIGIOUS TEXTS.

88384.

OBVERSE

PLATE W, d b d .tid.h&.y. 4.w.q.'

+H&& JP--g PmH' FT -4%- P S e-* W .H *m=@ P-H v@dwFrw4 . Fr,2qm+M'

qJ@a rf.aeeF.r- 74-w‘rle W W H W V +

. ..

.%F=~HFw'p+T F% EM*

R* H* * . ReRjP--=q@RevrV;P$%

<HsTWPR P W ~ ~ ~ F . ~ % W + ~ P

REVERSE.

.I....

ASSYRl AN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS.

[FABLE OF THE FOX.]

PLATE 31.

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLON~AN LEGENDS. PLATE a2.

[FABLE OF THE FOX.]

K. 3641. OBVERSE.

UKOKEN SURFACE]

REVERSE.

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS.

[FABLE OF THE FOX.]

K. 8570.

PLATE 33.

ASSYR! AM AND BABYLONlAN LEGENDS. PLATE

[FABLE OF T H E HORSE AND THE OX.]

K. 3456tD.T.43. OBVERSE.

ASSYRlAN A N D BABYLONlAN LEGENDS. P L A T E 35.

lFABLE O F THE HORSE A N D THE OX.]

K. 3456tD.T.43. REVERSE.

ASSYRIAN A N D BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. P L A T E 36.

[FABLE OF THE HORSE

A N D T H E OX.]

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLBNIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 37.

[FABLE OF THE HORSE A N D THE OX.]

K. OBVERSE.

K. 8592.

OBVERSE.

REVERSE.

[BROKEN SURFACE]

K. 8592. REVERSE.

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 38.

81-7-4,294. OBVERSE.

\ [ B R O K E N SURFACE: 1

ASSYRlAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 39.

[LEGENDS OF THE GOD ZU.]

K. 3454tK. 3935. OBVERSE.

COL. I. COL. II.

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 40.

[LEGENDS OF THE GOD ZU.]

K. 3454t K. 3935. REVERSE.

COL. Ill.

[UKOKEN SVRFACI'.]

ma* Tvfi'rn8

ASSYRIAN AND BABWLONLAM LEGENDS. PLATE 41.

[LEGENDS OF THE GOD ZU.]

OBVERSE.

.. ....". :. ----------,

... . .: . :I.>\ I

PLATE 42. ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. [LEGENDS O F THE GOD ZU.]

K. 4628. REVERSE.

[BROKEN SURFACE]

..;. ' Deg qk--m=.

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 43.

[LEGENDS OF T H E GOD ZU.]

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 44.

[LEGENDS OF THE GOD ZU.]

K. 3476.

OBVERSE.'

_ _ _ . _ - W - - - - -

[ BROKEN SURFACE]

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 45.

[ISHTAR'S DESCENT INTO HADES.]

K. 162.

OBVERSE.

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLA f E 46.

[ISHTAR'S DESCENT INTO HADES.]

OBVERSE (CONTINUED).

REVERSE. , ,

+F-cm V----.s$-v . J r q E r *H+V

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 47.

[ISHTAR'S DESCENT INTO HADES*]

K. 162.

REVERSE (CONTINUED).

ASSYRiAN AND BABYLONIAN LEGENDS. PLATE 46.

[ISHTAR'S DESCENT INTO HADES.]

ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONlAN LEGENDS. PLATE 49.

[LEGEND OF T n ..;-F.]

K. 3399 - K. 3934.

REVERSE. OBVERSE.

COL. Ill.

[BROKEN SURFACE]

[BROKEN SURFACE]

I

L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - -

TABLET OF MORAL PRECEPTS.

M&, w j e . Z i u u c ; ~ M M G & f , p f l . ,lxld- 3u22p.

~ Z A O G - E ~ L ~ ~ ] . P

D.T.1.

OBVERSE.

PLATE 60.

REVERSE.

Electronic publication prepared by

Kelvin Smith LibraryCase Western Reserve University

Cleveland, Ohio

for

ETANA Core Texts http://www.etana.org/coretexts.shtml