U N I T 1 : Drawing Inspired by C ultural Designs

UNIT 1: Drawing Inspired by Cultural Designs

Table of Contents

Introduction 4

Review 5

Lesson 1: The Cultural Communities in the Philippines 6 Learning Targets 6 Warm-up 6 Learn about It! 7 Check Your Understanding 13 Hands-On 14 Hearts-On 16

Lesson 2: Cultural Houses 17 Learning Targets 17 Warm-up 17 Learn about It! 18 Check Your Understanding 21 Hands-On 22 Hearts-On 24

Lesson 3: Indigenous Cultural Motifs 25 Learning Targets 25 Warm-up 25 Learn about It! 26 Check Your Understanding 29 Hands-On 30 Hearts-On 32

Lesson 4: Cultural Attires and Accessories 33 Learning Targets 33 Warm-up 33 Learn about It! 34

1 Copyright © 2018 Quipper Limited

Check Your Understanding 37 Hands-On 38 Hearts-On 40

Lesson 5: Cultural Practices and Lifestyle 41 Learning Targets 41 Warm-up 41 Learn about It! 42 Check Your Understanding 44 Hands-On 45 Hearts-On 47

Lesson 6: Artistic Designs of Cultural Communities 48 Learning Targets 48 Warm-up 48 Learn about It! 49 Check Your Understanding 51 Hands-On 51 Hearts-On 53

Lesson 7: My Cultural Design Inspired Artwork 54 Learning Targets 54 Warm-up 54 Learn about It! 55 Check Your Understanding 58 Hands-On 59 Hearts-On 61

Did You Know ? 62

Wrap Up 62

Self Check 66

Bibliography 67

Glossary 72


GRADE 4

UNIT 1 Drawing Inspired by Cultural Designs

Introduction The Philippines has been populated by various cultural communities. The country has become the home of a large number of different ethnicity and has catered more than five hundred indigenous communities. Read on to identify the diverse ethnic group and their culture.


Review

● Sculpture is the process of creating a three-dimensional work of art. The term refers to the three dimensions of space—length, breadth, and depth. Traditionally there are three main methods:

○ Subtractive - the process in which the unwanted materials is cut away until the desired remains.

○ Additive - the process of constructing figures by putting together the segments of the material or welding together the parts to create the desired form.

○ Molding - involves a mold into which a liquid or semi - liquid material is poured and allowed to harden.


Lesson 1: The Cultural Communities in the Philippines A sense of identity is one of the most important things as a human being. Ethnicity is the aspect in which a man identifies with his ethnic group with which he shares cultural, religious, linguistic and biological features. The people of the Philippines are called as Filipinos. The Philippines is home to a large number of different cultural communities.

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to:

● identify and determine the location of the cultural communities in the Philippines; ● create a poster that shows your love and appreciation to our Indigenous Cultural

Community; and, ● show appreciation to the rich variety of cultural communities in the Philippines and

their uniqueness (A4EL-Ia).

Warm-up

WHO AM I? The Republic of the Philippines is an archipelago of seven thousand one hundred seven islands in the Western Pacific Ocean. It has a population of more than ninety-two million according to the most recent statistics. The population of this country comprises a large number of various ethnic groups in the Philippines. These are some of the indigenous people from the Philippines. How many of them can you name?


Learn about It!

Indigenous People refers to a group of people sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions, and other distinctive cultural traits. People are described as indigenous when they maintain primitive culture and traditions in their region.

The indigenous people were able to preserve the traditions and cultures as reflected in their communal rituals, their songs, dances, attires, and folklore. The indigenous people in the Philippines continued to live self – sufficiently, independently, at the time when most lowland communities are integrated with Spanish colonization in the 1700s and 1800s.

Indigenous peoples’ communities can be found in the interiors of Luzon, Mindanao, and some islands of Visayas.

Cultural communities from Luzon

There are various indigenous Filipino ethnic groups and tribes in the Philippines.

● Ivatan Ivatans are the people from Batanes, a group of ten islands in the northernmost part of the Philippine Archipelago. Batanes is the smallest province in the country. Ivatans are a boat – making and seafaring people who lived by hunting, fishing, cultivation of root crops, and sugarcane. They also raised goats and pigs.

● Ifugao The Ifugao is known as i-pugao; other variations are Ifugaw, Ipugao, and Yfugao. Their name is also known as “inhabitants of the known earth.” They live in the province of Ifugao in Central Cordillera, in Northern Luzon. Farming is their principal means of livelihood.


● Kalinga The Kalinga is one of the significant ethnolinguistic groups inhabiting northern Luzon. The territory of the Kalinga is the southern half of the province of Kalinga-Apayao, in the Cordillera Administrative Region. Their primary source of livelihood is livestock production and agriculture

● Bontoc

Bontocs are a group of former headhunter from Benguet, Ifugao, Mountain Province, Kalinga, and Apayao in Northern Luzon. They have distinctive body tattoos and formerly practiced head hunting. They traditionally lived by hunting, farming, and fishing.

● Gaddang

Gaddang is known as “Gadang” or “Ga’dang.” Other variations of their name are Gadan, Gaddanes, Iraya, and Irraya, which mean “upriver.” The word “Gaddang” derived from the term “ga” meaning “heat,” “dang” meaning “burn” and it means “burned by the heat.” The name probably suggests from the skin color of the Gaddang, which is darker than any of the native people of the Mountain Province. They live at Cagayan Valley region and mostly found in Central Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, and Cagayan.

● Agta The Agta, Aeta (pronounced as “eye-ta”) or Ayta, commonly referred to as Negritos. Agtas are indigenous group scattered the island of Luzon. They are thought to be the earliest inhabitants of the Philippines. Negritos are regarded with dark brown skinned, has a small frame and curly to afro – like textured hair, with a little nose and dark brown hair.


Fig. 1 The Bontoc, Agta, Ivatan, Kalinga, Ifugao and Gaddang tribes are in Luzon

Cultural communities from Visayas These are various indigenous Filipino ethnic groups and tribes from the island of Visayas.

● Ati The Atis are from in Aklan, Capiz, Antique, and Iloilo on Panay Island. Some also live at Guimaras and Negros Island. Atis primary source of livelihood is cultivation Tobacco and Sugarcane. Fishing, hunting, handicrafts, and practicing herbal medicine are the other means of income.


Fig. 2 The Visayas and Mindanao served as home to Ati, Yakan, Badjao, Tausug, Manobo and T’boli tribes

Cultural communities from Mindanao Mindanao is the second largest island in the Philippines. It offers beautiful water and land sceneries. These are different indigenous groups and tribes from the island of Mindanao.

● Badjao Badjao or Bajau means Man of the Seas, the Badjaos are also known as the Sea Gypsies because they inhabit on their houseboats called vinta where they make their livelihood as expert fishermen, divers, and navigators. Badjaos scattered at the areas of Tawi Tawi, Sulu, Basilan, and some municipalities of Zamboanga.

● Yakan

The Yakans are from Tipo – Tipo, Lamitan, Sumisip, and Tuburan in the Basilan Island of ARMM. The Yakans are farmers; their main crops are rice, coconut, and cassava. When planting rice, the first seed has to be planted by the local Iman; The imam is the most prominent person in Yakan community. He is responsible for the prayer before planting and harvesting.


● T’boli T’boli are from Kiamba, Maitum, Saurallah in South Cotabato. They are famous for a lot of things such as brass making, elegant traditional attire which is made from abaca woven cloth tinalak and for their music.

● Tausug Tausug came from the term “tau” which means person and suug meaning “the old name of Jolo Island.” They are also known as the people of the current because their ancestral land in the Sulu Archipelago has strong tidal currents that flow from the Sulu and China Seas to the Celebes Sea. They live at Jolo, Indanan, Siasi, and Patikul in Sulu. Tausugs are sailors, pearl divers, and traders.

● Manobo

Manobo is also known as “Manuvu” or “Minuvu.” Manobo means “people” or “person,” the term originated from “Mansuba,” which means man (people) and suba (river). The first Manobos lived in Northern Mindanao and at present Manobo tribe settled at the hillsides and river valleys of Cotabato. Manobos are practicing Pamiteun, the Manobos’ way of understanding the stars. As a tradition, the elders of Manobo tribe are looking at the stars to identify the season of planting, harvesting, hunting, and fishing. These are the subgroups of Manobo:

● Higaunon The Higaunon is the subgroup of Manobo. They are somewhat nomadic which means they have no permanent home because they travel from one place to another. The term Higaunon means “people of the wilderness.”

● Matigsalug The Matigsalug is a term which means “people along the Salug River.” They are the original inhabitant of Salug River. The Salug river is now called the Davao River. They live in Bukidnon. The primary source of their livelihood is agriculture.


Let’s Analyze!


Check Your Understanding

A. RECALL

What are the two subgroups of Manobo tribe?

1. _________________________ 2. _________________________

Which tribe is commonly known as the Negrito? 3. _________________________ What is the name of the Philippine President who signed the law which will protect the indigenous people? 4. _________________________ In what region we can find the Yakan tribe? 5. __________________________

B. COMPREHENSION

Which belief of the Manobos proves their knowledge about astrology? 6. __________________________ What feature made the people of a tribe in Cagayan Valley call themselves Gaddang? 7. __________________________


How do most cultural communities make a living? 8. _________________________ 9. _________________________ 10. _________________________

Hands-On

You, Me, Us as One Community

Show your love and appreciation to our Indigenous Cultural Community by creating a poster. Materials Needed:

1. Oslo paper

2. Pencil

3. Coloring material you prefer

Create a poster showing your love and appreciation to our Indigenous people using the materials mentioned and following the rubric below:

CRITERIA

Apprentice (0-2 pts)

Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria

The artist used organic and inorganic lines in the artwork.

The artist used primary and colors in the artwork.

The artist used stylized shapes


based on nature in the artwork.

The artist made good use of repetition for motif.

The artist managed time properly.

Content- Specific Criteria

The artwork depicts specific indigenous people in the Philippines.

The artwork shows the locality of the indigenous people in the Philippines.

The artwork communicates appreciation to the indigenous people in the Philippines.

The artwork shows originality and craftsmanship.

The artwork promotes respect, love, peace and unity.

TOTAL

Key Guide Questions

1. What is the meaning of your artwork? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your drawing? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What are the deeds you can do to show love and appreciation to our

Indigenous people? 5. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?


Hearts-On

Draw a heart if you agree, disagree or strongly agree on the statement below.

Feelings / Situations I disagree. I agree. I strongly agree.

The diversity of cultural communities makes the Philippines a unique and beautiful country.

The cultural communities in the Philippines are treasures we should preserve.

It is important to study the cultural communities in the Philippines because it shows appreciation and love for our country.


Lesson 2: Cultural Houses

Learning Targets In this lesson, you should be able to:

● distinguish distinctive characteristics of several cultural communities in terms of

practices, and lifestyles (A4EL-Ib); ● create a popsicle stick house based on the cultural houses; and, ● show appreciation towards the beauty of ancient Filipino architecture.

Warm-up

Complete My Home

Dividing the class into groups, complete a puzzle of a house.


Learn about It! The houses and utensils of our cultural communities vary from locations, weather, livelihood, and their lifestyle. Read on to understand the difference of each artistic homes.

● Ivatan Ivatan houses show sturdiness to be able to conquer typhoons due to their topography. In Ivatan, some houses are called Vahay a jinjin, Vahay means a human dwelling place and Jinjin means a wall made of sawn cogon.

● Ifugao The houses of Ifugaos are called Bale (fale). Bale usually has the same shape as of Rice Terrace. The outdoor structure of the Bale is constructed on a resting four posts while the interior is enclosed by slanting walls that appear to be spherical and formed by the loft. Fale is known as the one-room

house of the Ifugaos. Ifugaos are utilizing the space under the house. There is a removable ladder in the house of Ifugao.


● Kalinga The rectangular houses of Kalinga are Binayon or Finaryon. The visitor enters the house through a ladder leading to the front door. Opposite to the front door is another door. The walls are from sawali or plaited bamboos. The space under the house is not used.

Cultural Houses from Visayas

● Ati Houses of Ati are from materials gathered by the forest. They settle near a good water source. The height of the roof varies depending on the choice of the owner.


Cultural Houses from Mindanao

● Badjao Some Badjao lived on a houseboat ranging from 12-60 feet long but not more than 6 feet wide. The location of the kitchen is at the back. Strong structures are stable at both ends of the boat for kitchen utensils and fishing gadgets.

● T’boli T’boli houses are six feet high. The roofs and ceilings are from bamboo and lahak or woven bamboo strips.

● Manobo The location of their house is essential to Manobo. It must ensure safety. The typical characteristics of the Manobo house are that materials are gathered from the forest, specifically, bamboo and variety of palm and the house is rectangular.



Identify the following questions.

A. RECALL

What are the standard features of the houses from the tribes of Ifugao, Kankanai, Ibaloi, and Bontoc?

1. ______________________________ 2. ______________________________ 3. ______________________________ 4. ______________________________

How high are the T’boli houses? 5. _______________________________

B. COMPREHENSION Why do Ifugao, Kankanai, Ibaloi and Bontoc houses have ladders?

6. _______________________________ What do you think is the job of Badjao people?

7. _______________________________ Why do Ivatans need sturdier houses than other cultural communities?

8. _______________________________ Why do houseboats of the Badjaos need to be made of strong materials?

9. ________________________________ Which part of Ifugao, Kankanai, Ibaloi, and Bontoc shows that Filipinos store food?

10. _________________________________


Hands-On

Popsicle House Inspired by Cultural Communities

The students are going to create a popsicle house showing the following characteristics:

● It must have a pyramidal roof. ● The house must have four walls. ● The house must have a floor. ● The house must be rectangular in shape.

Materials needed:

1) Popsicle sticks

2) Glue

3) Scissors

4) Decorative items such as flowers, cloth, and pots. (Optional)

Procedure:

1. Create a floor by stacking and gluing the popsicles together. Adjust the number of sticks

according to the height of the wall you want.

2. Create a window by cutting four Popsicle sticks and glue them together. Add a cloth as a

curtain for aesthetic purpose.

3. Create a roof by stacking walls and ceiling together.


4. Assemble your pieces starting from the floor, wall, and ceiling.

5. Add a few fences (optional).

CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria

The artist used various materials.


The artist used stylized shapes based on nature in the artwork.

The artist made good use of repetition for the motif.



The artwork depicts specific cultural houses in the Philippines.

The artwork shows the different parts of the cultural house.

The artwork communicates appreciation to the cultural houses in the Philippines.


The artwork promotes respect, love, and appreciation to the cultural houses in the Philippines.

TOTAL


Key Guide Questions

1. What is the meaning of your artwork? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your drawing? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What are the deeds that you can do to show love and appreciation to our Indigenous

people? 5. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?

Hearts-On



The design of the cultural houses shows Filipinos’ ingenuity and artistry.

The cultural houses reflect the good Filipino traits of adaptability, strong family ties and value for work.

Cultural houses must be preserved for the future generation.


Lesson 3: Indigenous Cultural Motifs

Learning Targets In this lesson, you should be able to:

● distinguish characteristics of cultural motifs from each cultural community; ● adapts an indigenous cultural motif into a contemporary design through crayon

etching technique (A4EL-Ic); and, ● appreciate the cultural motif of the Philippines.

Warm-up

Identify the colors and symbols used

Identify the colors and symbols that are visible in the textile.


Learn about It! The Philippines has a diverse cultural setting. It contains various cultural motifs per island. Cultural Motifs are the central theme of folk art and design. Read on to learn the specific design characteristic of each cultural communities. Ilocos Region Inabel fabric

It is from cotton which undergoes the process of Binatbatan. Binatbatan is continuously beating the cotton balls until the desired parts retained. The textile is dyed using the sap of sagut or black plum which is abundant in Pangasinan. The weaving method is called Panagabel, the oldest weaving tradition in Ilocos.

Motifs: 1. Geometric shapes 2. Repeated Patterns 3. Usage of bright colors

Kalinga

Kalinga people are great weavers. Kalinga textiles characterized by the following: 1. Dominant red stripes 2. Black, white, and yellow fibers 3. Repetitive patterns 4. Nature symbols 5. Geometric patterns


Ifugao

Ifugao weaves a loincloth called Ikat. Ikat is an Indonesian term which means to bind together. Their motif characterized by the following:

1. Dominant blue stripes 2. Diamond stripes of white and red 3. Repetitive pattern

Bontoc Bontoc weaves siniwsiwan, a term for Bontocs’ clothing and fabrics. The motifs of the Bontocs are:

1. Geometric shapes 2. Repetitive patterns 3. Nature symbols such as lizard, sun, sky, plants, flowers.

Panay Island People from Panay Island weave patadyong. Patadyong is a wrap-around cloth and characterized by the following:

1. Repetitive pattern 2. Bright Colors 3. Geometric shapes


The Okkir or Okkil of Mindanao

The okkir or okkil is a distinct cultural motif from Mindanao. It refers to geometric and flowing designs based on leaf and vine patterns. This smooth design can be seen on woven cloth, printed on textiles, etched on handles of knife and blades, or cast in silver objects. Okkir is visible in Sarimanok, a rooster-like figure that carries a fish on its beak.



What are the motifs of Inabel fabric?

1. _______________________________ 2. _______________________________ 3. _______________________________

How do we call the loincloth of the Ifugaos?

4. ________________________________


How do we call the oldest weaving tradition in Ilocos?

5. _____________________________

What are the common designs of Filipino cultural motifs?

6. _______________________________

7. _______________________________

True or False

8. Okkir can only be found on Muslim textiles. ________________________

9. The Ilocanos have been weaving textiles for a long period of time. ___________________

10. The Ikat has foreign influence. _________________________

Hands-On

Crayon Etching

Create a crayon etching using the Okkir or Okkil design of Mindanao. Your crayon etching must contain geometric shapes, flower and vines.

Materials Needed:

1. Oslo paper 2. Crayons 3. Paper clip or popsicle sticks

Procedures: 1. Fill the paper with any pattern or shapes using crayons. Make sure to use light

colors. 2. Once you have filled the Oslo paper with Okkir or Okkil patterns, color it heavily

using the black crayon.


3. Plan out the design with Okkir or Okkil details using popsicle or paper clip. The light colors will show through where you scrape away the black.

CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria

The artist used the required materials.






The artwork depicts specific indigenous people in the Philippines.

The artwork shows the locality of the indigenous people in the Philippines.



The artwork promotes respect, love, peace, and unity.

TOTAL


Key Guide Questions

1. What do you love about your artwork? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your drawing? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What are the deeds you can do to show love and appreciation to our Indigenous


Hearts-On



The variations of cultural communities make the Philippines a unique and beautiful country.


It is important to study the cultural communities in the Philippines because it shows appreciation and love for our country.


Lesson 4: Cultural Attires and Accessories

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● identify specific clothing, objects, and designs of the cultural communities and apply it

to a drawing of the attire and accessories of one of these cultural groups ( A4PL-Id); ● create a drawing after close study and observation of one of the cultural communities’

way of dressing and accessories (A4PR-Ig); and, ● appreciate the beauty of cultural attires and accessories.

Warm-up

Bring me!

The teacher will stand in front of the class and will ask the learners to bring different accessories and clothing. The student who can bring the object to the teacher wins.


Learn about It! The indigenous group is proof that Filipinos have their own culture, belief, and practices even before the colonization of the Spaniards. At present, several indigenous groups have managed to keep their cultural identity alive which prompted the government to declare the month of October as the National Indigenous Peoples Month. The Indigenous cultural communities are the evidence that we, as Filipinos, have our own culture, even before the Spanish settlement. At present, various indigenous groups have managed to keep their identity alive. Ifugao Linglingo or Dinumug is an accessory used by the Ifugaos as a fertility symbol worn around the neck. Made from jade, shells, clay, and stones. They also wear a necklace called pangalapang. Men worn woven loincloth around their hips.

Fig. 1 Pangalapang is an Ifugao shell status necklace


Bontoc The married women from Bontoc tribe wear a belt called ginaspala after giving birth. It is consists of geometric designs and repetitive patterns. Men wear an everyday hat called Suklang. Married men usually wear a simple suklang while the single ones use a colorful suklang.

Fig. 2 The ginaspala (left) and suklang (right) are common accessories of the Bontoc tribe. Ivatan An Ivatan woman wears a headgear made from Vuyavuy palm. Vuyavuy palm is similar to coconut. They use it to protect them from extreme heat and during the rainy season. It is a Vakul.

Fig. 3 An Ivatan woman wearing a vakul


Manobo A woman wears a tight and close neck attire with a crystal bead. Prong is a kerchief worn by Monobo men. A kerchief is a piece of cloth used to cover the head or tied in the neck.



Answer the following questions.

1. What are the accessories used by the Ifugaos as fertility symbol? __________________. 2. What do you call a necklace worn by Ifugao?________________________ 3. What do you call a headgear worn by Ivatan women? ___________________ 4. What term is used for the kerchief worn by Manobo men? ______________________ 5. What is the everyday hat worn by Bontocs? _____________________

True or False:

6. Filipino attires and accessories reflects their status and beliefs. ___________________

7. Filipino attire and accessories are useful and practical.________________

8. Filipino attire and accessories are extravagant and expensive. ________________

9. Filipino attires and accessories make use of geometric patterns. ________________

10. Filipino attires and accessories are way behind the fashion trends in other countries. _____________________


Hands-On

Draw it!

Draw a replica of Lingling-o or dinumog in an oslo paper. Use the illustration and rubric below.


CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria


The artist the used primary and colors in the artwork.





The artwork depicts the characteristics of a lingling-o.

The artwork shows Filipino ingenuity in the lingling-o.




TOTAL


Key Guide Questions

1. What can you say about your artwork? 2. How did you use the elements and principles of arts in your drawing? 3. What do you feel about this activity? 4. What are the deeds you can do to show love and appreciation to our Indigenous


Hearts-On



The cultural attires and accessories show the love for fashion of the Filipinos.

The cultural attires and accessories in the Philippines are treasures we should preserve.

It is important to study the cultural attires and accessories in the Philippines because it shows appreciation and love for our country.


Lesson 5: Cultural Practices and Lifestyle

Learning Targets

In this lesson, you should be able to: ● identify the practices of the various cultural communities; ● draw the lifestyle and practices of different cultural communities; ● shares ideas about the practices of the different cultural communities(A4PR-Ie).

Warm-up

Lifestyle Word Search

Hidden in the puzzle below are the words related in our today’s lesson. The names may be spelled vertically, horizontally, backward, or diagonally. One word may use in more than one name.


Learn about It! Lifestyle is a specific way that a person or group lives. It is a person way of living. The main factor in the economic activity of cultural activity is their location. They adjust according to what kind of environment they have. Let us read on to identify the primary source of living of each indigenous group.

Lifestyle and Practices of Indigenous People in the Philippines

Ivatan Hunting, fishing, cultivation of root crops, and sugarcane. They also raised goats and pigs.

Ifugao Farming

Kalinga Livestock production and agriculture

Ati Cultivation of Tobacco and Sugarcane, fishing, hunting, handicrafts, and practicing herbal medicine.

Badjao Fishing, diving, and navigating.

Ivatan The Ivatans have rich traditions and customs. Despite the Christian acculturation, many of these are still being practiced until today. They value generosity and good working ethic. The practice of payohoan in which 10 to 15 adolescents work together for three to five months teaches the young ones to work together. The kapamakan, on the other hand, make them share their huge catch or slaughtered animals to neighbors and relatives.


The Ivatans respect the existence of invisible beings. The kapayvanuvanua is a ritual they do to obtain the favor of the spirits in the sea. The kapachianyitu is the acknowledgment of spirits in the farms. Ifugao Known as the people who created the Banaue Rice Terraces, agricultural terracing is the is a means of living for most of Ifugaos as well as farming. They also believe that for their every endeavor a baki or ritual should be done. The mumbaki or the shaman often recite the oral traditions for specific purposes. These mumbakis also serve as the head of the village who settle disputes through ug-gub (dart throwing), bultong (wrestling) and dipping of hands to boiling water.

Kalinga There are four stages in the life of Kalingas: birth, marriage, sickness and death. During the pregnancy of a woman, several rituals and traditions are made to make sure the safety of the unborn child. Marriages used to be arranged with the help of mangiyugod who will discuss the arrangements and proposals. The mangaslig, mandadawak or mang-anito were called during sickness to heal them. Their dead are buried on the concrete tombs near their house, granary or rice fields. They believe on deities, mythological heroes and spirits. However, their supreme being, Kabunyan who taught them how to survive withdrawn his dominion over them. This tribe also perform different rituals that can last for days.


Ati Ati families often live together in places with good water supply. At the age of fourteen, some Atis already do the act of courtship, pangaluyag. When they decided to marry, a brideprice or bugay will be arranged. The man is also expected to serve the parents-in-law for a month or a year before the wedding through pangagadamong. The wedding is commonly performed by huwes. The Atis, who are not converted into Christianity, still believes in different deities and spirits. Among them are magwala and abog. They also perform tuob to sick children with the medical practitioner uses plants and beeswax to cure them. Badjao Since these sea gypsies are always on the seas, Badjaos do the ritual of pagdu’asalamat in honor of the sea god, Omboh Dilaut. Though mostly influenced by Islam, they also worship their ancestors. They believe that some illnesses are caused by evil spirits and should be cured by religious rituals.


Answer the following questions. What two rituals of the Ivatans honor the spirits?

1. ________________ 2. ________________

How do Ifugaos settle disputes? 3. ________________ 4. ________________ 5. ________________


True or False. 6. Filipinos love their ancestors. ________________ 7. Filipinos value life. ________________ 8. Filipinos do not believe in god. ________________ 9. Filipino cultural communities believe in western medicine. ________________ 10. Filipinos value family. ________________

Hands-On

My Drawing of Cultural Practices and Lifestyle

Let the students draw a scene in the life of a cultural community. The drawing should depict a specific practice or custom of the tribe. They will be graded according to the rubrics provided.

CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria




The artist made good use of repetition for the motifs.


Content- The artwork depicts a specific cultural


Specific Criteria

communities..

The artwork shows the traditions and customs of the chosen cultural community..

The artwork communicates appreciation to the cultural traditions.


The artwork promotes respect, love, peace, and unity.

TOTAL

Key Guide Questions 1. What factor directly affects the lifestyle and practices of each cultural communities? 2. What is the essence of studying the lifestyle and practices of indigenous people? 3. What is the typical lifestyle and traditions among cultural communities? 4. How does each lifestyle and traditions from cultural communities survived? 5. What is the importance of understanding the lifestyle and practices of indigenous

people?


Hearts-On



The practices and lifestyle of the cultural communities prove that we have our own beliefs, systems and rules.

Filipinos has high regard for spiritual things. .

It is important to preserve the practices, traditions, customs and lifestyles of the cultural communities in the Philippines.


Lesson 6: Artistic Designs of Cultural Communities

Learning Targets

● identify the artistic designs of cultural communities; ● translates research of the artistic designs of the cultural communities into a

contemporary design (A4PR-If); and, ● appreciate the universality of cultural designs.

Warm-up

Can You Remember?

Can you still remember the different motifs we discussed in the previous lesson ? Identify in which tribes do these designs came from.


Learn about It! In lesson three, we discussed different cultural motifs present on the textiles of different cultural communities. Let us have a quick review of the cultural designs and let us incorporate them to contemporary designs. Review of Cultural Designs

Most of the cultural designs use geometric shapes and repetitive patterns. Both Ilocos’ inamel and Panay’s patadyong use bright colors. The Kalingas use black, white and yellow fibers while the Ifugaos use blue, white and red. The Bontocs use natural designs such as lizard, sun, sky, and plants while Muslim’s okkir do not use images of men and animals. Cultural design in modern art Some Filipino artist used these artistic designs of the cultural communities into a contemporary design. They gained praise for giving new life to these cultural arts. Renee Salud is a Filipino fashion designer who advocate the use of indigenous materials and weave designs of the Philippines. He proved that our art has an international appeal with the use of textiles from t’nalak, yakan, igorot and others. Another artist is Tal de Guzman of Risqué Designs. She envisioned to incorporate Filipino culture into shoes. The heels of her shoes were made by Laguna carvers while the hablon weaves are from Negros Occidental.


Martha Rodriguez from Cagayan De Oro wanted to showcase Mindanao culture on her bags. In her Vesti collection, she used the t’nalak textile of the T’bolis and the textile of the Yakan tribe.



Answer the following questions.

Name three Filipino contemporary designers who use cultural designs on their products.

1. ______________________________________________________________ 2. ______________________________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________________________ 4. How do we call the Muslim geometric designs??

___________________________________________ 5. 5. How do we call the famous ilocos textile?

True or False

6. Geometric designs are common to cultural designs. ____________

7. Repetition of patterns is rarely seen in indigenous arts. __________

8. Filipino designs are only for locals. _________

9. Cultural arts and contemporary arts can be together in an artwork. ________

10. Cultural arts can be found on modern clothing. ___________

Hands-On

My Cultural Design inspired Bag

Taking inspiration from the works of the contemporary designers who incorporated cultural designs to their work, design your own bag. The bag should be based on the researched design from previous lessons. You will be graded based on the given rubric.


CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria

The artist used has complete materials.

The artist used primary the and colors in the artwork.





The artwork depicts a specific cultural design. s.

The artwork shows the fusion of contemporary and cultural designs.

The artwork communicates appreciation to the cultural designs in the Philippines.



TOTAL


Key Guide Questions

1. What cultural design did you use on your artwork?

2. How did you incorporate it to contemporary designs of bags?

3. How do you feel about the activity?

4. What realizations did you have after finishing the activity?

Hearts-On


Feelings / Situations

I disagree. I agree. I strongly agree.

Cultural designs can be incorporated to contemporary arts.

Philippine cultural arts have international appeal.

The use of cultural designs to contemporary arts should be promoted.

52

Copyright © 2018 Quipper Limited

Lesson 7: My Cultural Design Inspired Artwork Learning Targets

The students should be able to: ● produce a crayon resist on any of the topics: the unique design of the houses,

household objects, practices, or rituals of one of the cultural groups (A4PR-Ih); ● uses crayon resist technique in showing different ethnic designs or patterns (A4PR-Ii); ● celebrate students’ accomplishments

Warm-up

Name the Color

How many colors can you see? Name them all.


Learn about It!

During the ancient times, colored wax played a major role in creating paintings. The Egyptians used beeswax while Greeks and Romans favored heated wax. In 1903, the first box of crayons was made as practical and safer coloring materials for children. The first eight colors of these wax sticks are black, brown, blue, red, violet, orange, yellow, and green. The last performance task for this chapter includes crayons. Let us learn how to create a unique artwork using this favorite art instrument of children.

Crayon resist and crayon etching On the previous lessons, you tried creating an artwork with the use of crayon etching. How do crayon etching and crayon resist differ from each other? Crayon etching features a heavy coat of black wash to a crayon made drawing. Patterns will then be etched from it revealing the colors underneath.


Crayon resist, on the other hand, uses the light wash over drawings made of crayon because the crayons are made of wax, it will resist ink. Materials needed in art resist making

● paper ● crayons ● water color

Steps in art resist making

1. Plan. Think of the objects you want to be included on your artwork. Determine the lines, colors and shapes that will be seen on your work. Decide if you will you repeat designs or not.

2. Draw using white or bright light colored crayons. Outline the objects on the drawing using white or bright light colored crayons. Make every shape and line clear and defined. Press hard so the paper will get enough wax.

Fig. 1 Draw using white or bright light colored crayon


3. Paint over

Using watercolors cover the drawings. Magically, the designs will pop out as the wax in the crayons will resist the ink.

Fig. 2 Cover the drawing with watercolor

4. Dry Hang your artwork and let it dry.



Answer the following.

Aside from black, brown and green, what other colors are included on the first box of crayons?

1. _________________________ 2. _________________________ 3. _________________________ 4. _________________________ 5. _________________________


True or False.

6. Crayon etching and crayon resist are the same. ____________ 7. Ancient people use wax to color their paintings. ____________ 8. Crayons must be pressed hard on paper to create beautiful crayon resist artworks. _____________________ 9. White crayons can be used while drawing in a crayon resist. _______________ 10. Designs pop out in crayon resist. _____________

Hands-On

Crayon Resist

Produce a crayon resist on any of the topics: the unique design of the houses, household objects, practices, or rituals of one of the cultural groups. Make sure that it will show different ethnic designs or patterns. You will be graded according to the rubric provided.


CRITERIA


Novice (3-6 pts)

Master (7-10 pts)

General Criteria


The artist used different artworks.

The artist integrated cultural motifs with the artwork.




The artwork depicts a specific topic in this chapter..

The artwork shows ethnic designs and patterns.




TOTAL


Key Guide Questions

1. What topic did you choose to show on your artwork? Why? 2. What ethnic design did you use? Why? 3. How do you feel about this activity?? 4. What did you realize after finishing the activity?

Hearts-On



The variations of cultural communities make the Philippines a unique and beautiful country.


I am proud to be Filipino!


Did You Know ?

SARIMANOK: THE LEGENDARY BIRD OF THE MARANAO TRIBE

Sarimanok is a legendary bird of the Maranao tribe that came from Mindanao. The word Sari means "Clothes or garment which is assorted in colors," and Manok means "Chicken."

It is a legendary bird that has become the symbol of the Maranao tribe. It is depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and feathered tail, holding a fish on its beak or talon. The head is designed with scrolls, spirals, and leaf motifs. It symbolizes good luck.

Wrap Up

Let us sum up the lesson you have encountered for this unit. Refer to the table below.

THE LIFESTYLE, PRACTICES, ATTIRE, AND CULTURAL DESIGN OF INDIGENOUS TRIBES IN THE PHILIPPINES

Ivatan

Ivatans are the people from ______________________. Ivatans are a boat – making and seafaring people who lived by _________________________________________________.


Ifugao

The Ifugao is known as i-pugao; other variations are Ifugaw, Ipugao, and Yfugao. Their name is also known as _____________. They live in the _________________________________________________.

Kalinga

The Kalinga is one of the significant ethnolinguistic groups inhabiting northern Luzon. They live in the _________________________________________________.

Gaddang

Gaddang is known as “Gadang” or “Ga’dang.” Other variations of their name are Gadan, Gaddanes, Iraya, and Irraya, which mean “upriver.” The word “Gaddang” derived from the term “ga” meaning “heat,” “dang” meaning “burn” and it means “burned by the heat.” They live in the _________________________________________________.


Agta

The Agta, Aeta (pronounced as “eye-ta”) or Ayta, commonly referred to as Negritos. They live in the _________________________________________________.

Ati

The Atis are from_______________.

Badjao

Badjao or Bajau means “Man of the Seas”;the Badjaos are also known as the Sea Gypsies because they inhabit on their houseboats called vinta. They live in the _________________________________________________.

Yakan

The Yakans are from ________________________________________________.


T’boli

The T’boli people are from _________________________________________________.

Tausug

Tausug came from the term “tau” which means person and suug meaning “the old name of Jolo Island.” They live in the _________________________________________________.

Manobo

Manobo is also known as “Manuvu” or “Minuvu.” Manobo means “people” or “person,” the term originated from “Mansuba,” which means man (people) and suba (river). They live in the _________________________________________________.


Self Check

Draw a heart if your answer is I CANNOT, I ALMOST CAN or I CAN on the statement below.

Skills

I CANNOT

I ALMOST CAN

I CAN

I _______________ recognize the different cultural communities in the Philippines.

I ___________________ identify the various cultural houses of indigenous groups in the Philippines.

I ________________ understand the cultural attire and accessories of distinct indigenous group.

I _________________ express my appreciation of the unique Filipino culture.

I ________________ describe the characteristics of Filipino cultural motifs per cultural communities.

I _________________ interpret the message an artwork expresses.

I _______________ recite the process of making a crayon etching.

I __________________ choose appropriate materials I can use in my artwork.

I ____________________ operate tools in making my artwork.


Bibliography

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https://www.archdaily.com/638523/5-architectural-secrets-of-the-badjao-21st-century-sea-people

https://arthearty.com/crayons-history

Nlpdl. Accessed November 5, 2018. http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:81/CC01/NLP00VM052mcd/v1/v18.pdf Tuguinay, Anderson. (2011). OLD IFUGAO CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS RITUALS ON NATURAL DEATHS , then and now (I-ne’-en di na’te – han-di ya ad u-wani). Accessed November 5, 2018. http://ifugaocustoms.blogspot.com/2012/02/old-ifugao-customs-and-traditions.html Nlpdl. Accessed November 5, 2018. http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:81/CC01/NLP00VM052mcd/v1/v27.pdf NOVAL-MORALES, DAISY. The Ati of Negros and Panay. Accessed November 5, 2018. http://gwhs-stg02.i.gov.ph/~s2nccagovph/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/central-cultural-communities/the-ati-of-negros-and-panay/ Nlpdl. Accessed November 5, 2018. http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:81/CC01/NLP00VM052mcd/v1/v4.pdf Ramoran, Carol. (2018) Modern Filipiniana: Renee Salud’s take on neo-ethnic fashion wows Berlin. Accessed November 5, 2018. https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/fashion/198153-renee-salud-fashion-show-berlin Parsad, Rhea. (2018). This Filipina Started A Shoe Business That Showcases The Filipino Culture Through Creative Designs. Accessed November 5, 2018. https://vulcanpost.com/632382/risquedesigns-filipino-culture-shoe-business/ Jocson, China (2013) Vesti: Sending out the message about Mindanao culture. Accessed November 5, 2018. http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/content/317553/vesti-sending-out-the-message-about-mindanao-culture/story/ Baybayin Alive. “Fertility Symbols.” Accessed October 26, 2018. Crayola. Colorful Moments in Time. Accessed November 5, 2018.


https://www.crayola.com/-/media/Crayola/About-Us/History/CrayolaTimeline_2016 Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Ati.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/ati/ Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Badjao.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/badjao/ Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Bontoc.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/bontoc/ Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Gaddang.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://ge2powerful1.blogspot.com/2016/02/gaddang.html Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Ifugao.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/2012/04/22/the-ifugao-people/ Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Manobo.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-manobo-river-people-cotabato Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Samal.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/sama-samal-island/ Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Tausug.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-tausug-people-current Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “T’boli.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-yakan-mountain-dwellers Ethnic Groups of the Philippines. “Yakan.” Accessed October 24, 2018. G7 Arts Learner’s Material. “Arts and crafts of Luzon.” Accessed October 25, 2018. http://baybayinalive.com/fertility-symbols-feminine-principle-and-ba/


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http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/badjao/

http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/bontoc/

http://ge2powerful1.blogspot.com/2016/02/gaddang.html

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http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-manobo-river-people-cotabato

http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/sama-samal-island/

http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/people/ethnic-groups-in-the-philippines/sama-samal-island/

http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-tausug-people-current

http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-yakan-mountain-dwellers

http://baybayinalive.com/fertility-symbols-feminine-principle-and-ba/

Inside Manila. “The Traditional Attire of Indigenous People in the Philippines.” Accessed October 26, 2018. https://insidemanila.ph/article/3496/look-the-traditional-attire-of-indigenous-people-in-the-philippines National Museum Collection. “Linglingo.” Accessed October 29, 2018. Nipa Hut. “Bale.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nationalmuseumbeta/Collections/Archaeo/Lingling-o.html Official Website of the Province of Bukidnon. “HIgaunon.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://www.bukidnon.gov.ph/home/index.php/about-bukidnon/traditional-people/the-higaunon Official Website of the Provincial Government of Batanes. “Traditional Ivatan Culture.” Accessed October 25, 2018. http://www.batanes.gov.ph/traditional-ivan-shelter/ Original People. “Aeta.” Accessed October 24, 2018. http://originalpeople.org/the-aeta-people-indigenous-tribe-of-the-philippines/ Revolvy. “Matigsalug.” Accessed October 24, 2018. https://www.revolvy.com/page/Matigsalug The Manobos of Mindanao. “Classification and geographical distribution of Manóbos and other peoples in eastern Mindanáo.” Accessed October 24, 2018. https://aboutphilippines.ph/files/Manobos-of-Mindanao.pdf The Mountain Houses. “The Kalinga House.” Accessed October 24, 2018. The National Commission of the Culture and the Arts. “The Ati of Negros and Panay.” Accessed October 24, 2018. https://aboutphilippines.ph/documents-etc/The-Mountain-Houses.pdf The Native People of Mindanao. “Ethnic Groups of Mindanao” Accessed October 24, 2018.


https://insidemanila.ph/article/3496/look-the-traditional-attire-of-indigenous-people-in-the-philippines

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http://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nationalmuseumbeta/Collections/Archaeo/Lingling-o.html

http://www.bukidnon.gov.ph/home/index.php/about-bukidnon/traditional-people/the-higaunon

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https://thenativepeopleofmindanao.wordpress.com/ethnic-groups-of-mindanao/

http://thingsasian.com/story/last-tribes-mindanao-badjao-sea-gypsies

Glossary

● Bale is an Ifugao house.

● Bulol is an Ifugao carvings that represents an Ifugao rice god or rice spirit.

● Farming is the activity of growing crops and raising livestock.

● Fishing is the activity of catching fish.

● Ikat is a loincloth woven by Ifugao.

● Jinjin refers to wall made from sewn cogon.

● Lifestyle is the particular way that a person or group lives.

● Loincloth is a cloth used by Men to wrap around their waist.

● Motif is the Central theme of an artwork.

● Okkir or Okkil refers to geometric and flowing designs based on leaf and vine

pattern

● Sarimanok is a rooster-like mythical creature.

● Sawali is a plaited bamboos.

● Suklang is an everyday hat used by Bontocs.

● Vahay is an Ivatan term for people dwelling place.

● Vakul is a headgear used by Ivatan women.

● Weaving is a form of interlacing threads passing in one direction with others.


Documents

U N I T 1 : Drawing Inspired by C ultural Designs