Typy of Chutes

Garbage and Linen Chutes

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Specialized Factory for Steel Products (Jeddah/KSA)Sigma Factoryِ for Steel Products (Ajman & Umm Al Quwain /UAE)

Specialized Factory for Steel Products (6th of October/Egypt)Specialized Factory for Steel Products (Amman/Jordan)

This catalogue is designed to be helpful to engineers and contractors in the application and selection of channel products for construction and maintenance.

If a unique application requires a special product not included in this catalogue, SFSP engineering personnel are ready to furnish design consultation and realistic cost estimates.

Garbage and Linen ChutesUni- Metal chutes are very convenient, simple and low cost method of controlling and disposing of refuse and linen in multi storey buildings.Uni-Metal chutes meet the most stringent requirements of environmental health and safety. The inclusion of chute cleaning systems, sanitizing and disinfecting units,sound damping and fire control equipment, within the overall design of chutes have greatly increased their usage throughout the world. Uni-Metal chutes are fabricated to conform to: British Standards 1703: 1977,BS 5906: 2005, and VDI 2162.

►Introduction


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►Index P.2

►Factories P.3

►Material Specifications P.8

►Technical Information P.9

►Variation P.10

►Accessories P.15

►Linen Chutes P.18

►Garbage containers P.24

►Tipping truck container skips P.28

►Garbage compactor P.29

►Materials P.31

►Finishes P.40

►Converters P.45

INDEXINDEXINDEXINDEXINDEX


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SFSP is a leading manufacturer and fabricator of steel and aluminum products which are used in the sup-port of equipment for industrial, commercial, utility, and OEM installations. Our customers have access to the most complete support systems offered in the industry, including metal framings, cable trays, pipe hangers, slotted angles,fasteners and others.An in-house hot dip galvanization section at SFSP.

CNC Machines Hot Dip Galvanization Process

Roll Forming Machine


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Linen Chutes

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Uni-Metal trades in-house produced steel construction products, all designed and manufactured in the SFSP plants located in KSA ,UAE ,Egypt and Jordan.

Managing Office Beirut - LebanonTel : +961 1 841 155 - Fax : +961 1 841 156 [email protected]

Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaJEDDAHTel :+966 2 627 8222Fax: +966 2 627 [email protected]

RIYADH Tel : +966 1 454 9282Fax: +966 1 456 6627

HAFAR AL BATINTel : +966 3 721 5914Fax: +966 3 721 5914

AL KHARJTel : +966 1 540 9982Fax: +966 1 540 3130

JEDDAH/GhurabTel : +966 2 667 2000Fax: +966 2 661 4306

RYAD/ Old Airport Rd.Tel : +966 1 450 0767Fax: +966 1 456 6627

SKAKAHTel : +966 4 626 3906Fax: +966 4 626 3905

JUBAILTel : +966 3 361 4390Fax: +966 3 361 4499

MADINAHTel : +966 4 864 9111Fax: +966 4 813 2254

RIYADH/Rail StreetTel : +966 1 448 2835Fax: +966 1 446 2717

DAMMAMTel : +966 3 859 0097Fax: +966 3 857 8177

HAILTel : +966 6 543 3931Fax: +966 6 543 3935

YANBUTel : +966 4 390 1499Fax: +966 4 322 7101

KHAMIS MUSHAYTTel : +966 7 237 5929Fax: +966 7 237 8783

DAMMAM ShowroomTel : +966 3 834 9300Fax: +966 3 834 9457

HUFUFTel : +966 3 586 9732Fax: +966 3 584 5966

MAKKAHTel : +966 2 558 1358Fax: +966 2 558 7213

BAHATel : +966 7 237 5929Fax: +966 7 237 8783

GIZANTel : +966 7 321 6660Fax: +966 7 321 0665

TABUKTel : +966 4 422 6414Fax: +966 4 422 6414

QASSIMTel : +966 6 385 2186Fax: +966 6 382 3946

U A E E G Y P T C P U & T O S L B A H R A I [email protected] / Al QuozTel : +971 4 347 8238Fax : +971 4 347 7080 DUBAI / Al RashidiyahTel : +971 4 285 6031Fax : +971 4 286 2941

SHARJAHTel : +971 6 534 4092Fax : +971 6 534 8949ABU DHABI / MusaffahTel : +971 2 554 8787Fax: +971 2 554 8788

[email protected]:+20 2 346 8566Fax:+20 2 346 8567

GHOMHOURIYATel : +20 2787 2152Fax: +20 2593 [email protected]

CPU - JEDDAH Tel : +966 2 627 8275Fax: +966 2 627 [email protected]

TOSL/JEBEL ALITel : +971 4 886 0262Fax: +971 4 886 [email protected]

MANAMATel : +973 178 74897Fax: +973 177 [email protected]

J O R D A N L I B YA Q ATA R O M A NAMMANTel : +962 6 556 3030Fax: +962 6 554 [email protected]

TRIPOLITel:+218 2 1719 9384Fax:+218 2 1719 [email protected]

DOHATel : +974 451 3301/2 / 3Fax: +974 451 [email protected]

MuscatTel : +968 2447 2004Fax: +968 2447 [email protected]

L E B A N O N C H I N A G E R M A N YBEIRUTTel: +961 1 858 277Fax: +961 1 858 [email protected]

ShanghaiTel : +86 21 676 43613Fax: +86 21 676 [email protected]

DESIGN OFFICE, STUTTGARTTel: +497 11 6868 7222Fax: +497 11 6868 [email protected]

www.sfsp-ikk.com

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www.sfsp-ikk.com Garbage and Linen Chutes

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Mild Steel - PlainA. Hot Rolled Steel Plates, Sheets and Coils S235JR, S355 JR,As per:EN 10025 -2 / DIN 17100 / BS 4360 / ASTM A 653M / ASTM A 1011/ ASTM A 1011-01a JIS 3101 / JIS 3106 / GB 700 / GB / T1591.ASTM A 907 / ASTM A 1018M.ASTM A570M / ASTM A572M.B. Cold Rolled Steel DC 01,As per:EN 10130 / DIN 1623, Part 2 / BS 1449:1 / ASTM A366 / ASTM A 1008 / JIS G 3141 / GB 699.EN 10131 / ASTM A568M

Mild Steel - Galvanized C. Continuously Pre- Galvanized Hot–Dip Zinc Coated Steel DX 51D + Z,As per: EN 10327 / DIN 17162 / BS 2989/ ASTM A 527M / ASTM A 653M / JIS G 3302.EN 10326/ EN 10142 / ASTM A 526, 527, 528/ ASTM A146

D. Electro Galvanized Steel (Electrolytic Coating) DC01 + ZE,As per: EN 10152 / DIN 17163 / ASTM A591 / JIS G 3313 / JIS G 3141/BS 1449:1EN 10131

AluZink SteelE.AluZink Steel DX 51D + AZ,ِAs per: EN 10215 /m n EN 10143/ DIN 55928 / ASTM A 792

Stainless SteelF.Austenitic Stainless Steels AISI 304 & 316, As per: ASTM A 240 /EN 10088-2/ DIN 17400 / BS 1449:2 / ASTM A480 / ASTM A666 / ISO 3506 / EN 10028-7 /JIS G 4304F.1 Stainless Steel Fasteners EN 3506F.2 Stainless Steel Wire BS 1554 ,ASTM A276

AluminiumG.Aluminium 5052 & 6063

FINISHES

1- Hot–DIP Galvanization After Fabrication, As per:ASTM A 123 / ASTM A 153 / ISO 1461.BS 729 / DIN 50976

2- Zinc Electroplating After Fabrication,As per:ASTM B633 / EN 12329 / ISO 4042/ BS 1706 / BS 3382 / DIN 50961

3- Powder CoatingEpoxy / Polyester / Epoxy & PolyesterBS 3900 / ISO 2409 / ISO 1519 / ISO 1520

For more details see pages at the end of the catalogue

MATERIALS


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Material Thickness & GaugesSFSP provides the following material gauges:• 1.5mm (16 Gauge) • 2.0mm (14 Gauge) • 3.0mm (11 Gauge) (when specified).

Usage of 1.5 mm thickness material is recommended for buildings up to 10 storeys high. For buildings over 10 storeys, we recommend the following:

Number of Storeys Storey Material Thickness

1-10 All 1.5 mm

1-201-9

10-202.0 mm1.5 mm

1-301-6

7-2021-30

3.0 mm2.0 mm1.5 mm

1-451-9

11-3031-45

3.0 mm2.0 mm1.5 mm

Material ChoiceSFSP provides refuse and linen chutes to customer requirements from the following high quality materials:

Material 1.5 mm 1.5 mm 1.5 mm Standard

Stainless Steel Type 304 * * * BS 1449:2

Stainless Steel Type 316 * * * BS 1449:2

Galvanized Steel Type IB2 * * *BS 2989

ASTM A527M

Aluminized Steel CR4 * * * ASTM A463:2

Aluminized STC (H2) * * * BS 1470

Useful Weights

Material Kg/m3

Carboard stacked flat or baled, folded newspaper 500

Food Waste, well compacted 600

Vegetable waste, uncompacted 200

Empty Bottles 300

Mixed general refuse, similar to domestic 150

General office waste and paper 50

Waste paper loose in sacks 20

►Material Specifications


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Linen Chutes

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Weatherproof Terminal

Incorporation Bird &

Insect Screen

Ventilation Fan

Top Cover and Spigot

Flushing Head SprayKeyed Access Door

Controls (can be remote)

Cleaning System

Hopper

Swaged Joint

Long Hopper

Floor Support Frame

& Clamp Band

Hopper

(EXISTING CHUTES ONLY)

Automatic Fire Shutter

Door with Fusible Link

Disinfecting & Sanitizing Unit

Fire Sprinkler (optional)

Original EquipmentUni-Metal refuse chutes are specially designed for use in flats, hotels, hospitals, apartments, factories, condominiums, offices, commercial complexes and shopping centers. Anywhere, in fact where refuse needs controlling, moving and disposing at low cost.

Indoor Chutes The majority of refuse chutes are fitted internally within a building. Uni-Metal chutes can either pass through the floor slab of the building or be fixed within a vertical shaft.

Outdoor ChutesUni-Metal refuse chutes can be fixed externally to most types of building, particularly useful when a refuse chute has to be provided after the building has been finished or where it is not possible to replace in the same location. External refuse chutes can be single or double skinned. Please contact our technical department for further advice.

Choosing the Correct Size of ChuteSFSP provides a comprehensive range of refuse chutes, both in size and material choice. The choice of materials to be used are covered thoroughly elsewhere, the choice of refuse chute diameter is shown on this page. Historically, the most common size of refuse chutes were 375 mm and 450 mm. However we strongly recommend the use of 600 mm diameter chutes, as in practical terms this diameter is the least likely to cause any long term problems. Appreciating that design and space considerations sometimes lead to compromises, the table opposite is given as a guide to assist you in choosing the correct diameter of chute.

►Technical Information

Reccomended Chute Diameter

Plastic Sack Capacity

No. of Apartments per Chute

500 mm 20 liters 21 - 30

550 mm 30 liters 31 - 40

600 mm 40 - 50 liters 40 +

700 mm 40 - 50 liters 40 +

800 mm 45 - 55 liters 45 +

900 mm 50 - 60 liters 50 +


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600 mm hole through floor slab for 500 mm chute






360

510

410

380

560

460

590

880

690

620

930

740

450

600

450or500

450

700

600

600

900

600

650

1000

650

500 mm diameter

600 mm diameter

800 mm diameter

550 mm diameter

700 mm diameter

900 mm diameter

Chute TubeJoint ring

Intake Throat

Sound Insulator

Supporting Frame

Tipping Hopper

Wall after Chute installation

Refuse Chute Sizes Uni-Metal chutes are available with the following standard internal diameters:500mm (20”), 550mm (22”), 600mm (24”)700mm (28”), 800mm (32”), 900mm (36”)N.B We will also manufacture to customers special requirements.

Height Varies according to individual building design. SFSP provides chutes within the range of 1- 45 storeys, or from as small as 1 meter up to a maximum of 165-170 meters. Over this height two chutes should be provided, the first terminating at a mid building level refuse collecting room, the second chute to start at mid-building level and terminating at ground floor or basement level.

Shape To give an unimpeded free flow of refuse within a chute, the best shape has proved to be circular, Uni-Metal refuse chutes therefore have a circular cross section. We will make square section chutes to customers special requirements.

Refuse Chute Trunking Cut to shape from flat metal sheet, mechanical rolled into an accurate cylindrical from. Vertical seams are according to material type and gauge either lock seamed or welded, to give smooth, watertight sealed joints. the entire inner surface area of the trunking is smooth and free from any projections that will impede the free flow of refuse within the total vertical length of the chute.

Entry SectionThis could be described as the most critical component of a refuse chute. If it is not designed and manufactured correctly there is a probability the refuse chute will not work satisfactorily. The entry sections of Uni-Metal chutes are designed and manufactured within the constraints of BS1703:1977/ BS 5906: 1980 to ensure complete satisfaction. Flat metal sheet is accurately cut and shaped by highly skilled craftsmen, vertical seams being welded or lockseamed, horizontal are mechanically jointed or welded. Uni-Metal refuse chute entry sections have our specially designed Inner baffle, to prevent air or falling refuse already present in the chute from accidentally blowing back when any refuse hopper is opened.

►Variation


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Linen Chutes

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Floor Support FramesCut, shaped and drilled from 35x35x3mm or (38x38x5mm) mild steel angle with a rigid, welded construction. The frame holds a metal clamp band. The frame is rustproofed for internal use and hot dip galvanized for external use.

Angle Ring JointsUsed to join certain section of trunking. A factory fitted joint, to ensure chute stability, cut shaped and rolled from 25x25x3mm m.s. angle. Rustproofed for internal use and hot dip galvanized for external use. Angle ring joints are firmly bolted together and sealed during field erection.

Slip JointsMechanically swaged into the trunking, the slip joint gives up to 75mm tolerance. These joints are sealed during field erection with factory supplied sealant.

Material Specification & ChoiceSFSP strongly recommends the use of stainless steel for the manufacture of refuse chutes. Stainless steel has the advantage of being resistant to the humidity, acid and alkalis contained within refuse. Stainless steel has no applied coating to wear off and most important has very high impact strength. For economy, SFSP also provides chutes from both galvanized steel and aluminized steel (Aluminized Steel to American Standards). Galvanized steel and aluminized steel, whilst not having the same qualities as stainless steel, are still used extensively for refuse chutes. We can also manufacture chutes in aluminum though, due to the softness of the material, we would only recommend its use where low weight is a key factor.

AuthorityUni-Metal refuse chutes are manufactured to conform to (where applicable):British Standards 1703: 1977 and BS 5906: 2005 where applicable and our standard design.German Industrial Code VDI 2162.

Type of use / user FormulaVolume

Per Week

Household/Residential 2 person/1 house/1 flat 0.3 m3

Offices Per Person/10m2 0.05 m3

Hotels

Total hotel waste based on number of 4/5 star hotel-per bed 0.35 m3

rooms 2/3 star hotel-per bed 0.25 m3

Restaurants per cover (dining space) 0.75 m3

Fast Food Oultlets per sale 0.005 m3

Canteens per cover 0.10 m3

Major Shopping Centers per m2 of sales area 0.010 m3

Major Supermarkets per m2 of sales area 0.015 m3

Secondary Supermarkets per m2 of sales area 0.010 m3

Department Stores per m2 of sales area 0.010 m3

Shops per m2 of sales area 0.0075 m3

Hospitals per bed excluding clinical waster 0.15 m3

Industrial Units per m2 of floor space 0.005 m3


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Vents & Fans Automatic Foul Air Exhaust Fan installed at the top of the chutes, usually above roof level this ventilator maintains a smooth flow of fresh air within the refuse chute. Normally changing the air approximately 50 times per hour. The foul air exhaust fan helps prevent the escape of any bad odors or explosive gases released by aerosols etc, through refuse hoppers or into the refuse room. For use with vent pipes of (9”) 230 mm diameter or above.

Technical Specification Air displacement 200m3/hour. Fan motor, Class H tropicalized continuously rated, 1300 RPM.

Electric Supply:220/240 volts or 110/120 volts, 50/60 Hz.N.B. Flashed to roof by others.

Full Diameter with Insect ScreenRecommended on chutes if a foul air exhaust fan is not being specified. The full diameter of the Uni-Metal refuse chute is used to vent any foul air in the chute. The screen keeps out any insects or birds attracted to the vent pipe.An exhaust fan can be fitted to any full diameter vent pipe, complete with inspection door. It extends 4 feet (1.2m) above roof.

Standard Vent

Standard Vent with fan

Standard Vent with fan

Insect Screen Weathering Cowl

fan Access Door

Standard Vent without fan

Roof Deck

Insect Screen

►Accessories


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Linen Chutes

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Cleaning Equipment Automatic Chute Cleaning System Specifically designed to clean the total vertical length of the internal surface of all chutes. The system is factory fabricated as an integral unit ready for immediate on site connection.A cylindrical housing with replaceable stiff nylon brush-es is automatically lowered and raised by a geared elec-tric motor. The nylon brushes scrape and clean the internal surface as they move down and up the chute. The water supply for flushing the chute, the electric motor and the built in safety overloads, are all individually controlled by a robust electric logic control circuit.

Electrical SpecificationSupply 380/415 volts, 50/60hz, 3 phaseMotor 1/6 HP 1600 R.P.M. continuous.

Disinfecting and Sanitizing UnitDesigned to give manual or automatic flushing of the internal surface of Uni-Metal chutes. Fitted above the topmost entry section of the refuse chutes as part of an automatic or manual cleaning system or on its own. Simple to operate and maintain, a disinfectant or sanitizing unit is recommended for use with every chute installation, particularly as it overcomes one of the problems associated with the use of chutes-strong odors. The specification given above can be changed by using a smaller volume stainless steel tank within an automatic chute cleaning system.

Manual Cleaning SystemDesigned, like the automatic cleaning system, to clean the total vertical length of the internal surfaces ofUni-Metal chutes. This manually operated system is factory fabricated as an integral unit, ready for immediate on-site connection. A cylindrical housing, with replaceable stiff nylon brushes, is manually lowered and raised on a high geared winch which has a ratchet to give operator safety. The water supply to the flushing head spray is manually controlled by a conveniently placed gate valve. Manual cleaning is recommended on buildings up to 5 storeys high.Water supply normal header tank pressure, at least 1800 mm above spray head.

Water Supply

Water supply - normal

header tank pressure or

1/2 bar recommended

(approx. 1800 mm height)

Automatic Brushing Device

Water Supply

Non Return Valve

Chute Top

Cover

10 Liter

Tank

15 mm Flush

Head Spray

Flushing Spray Head

Disinfecting Unit


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Fire Shutter Doors

Type ’C’ Automatic Fire Shutter DoorNormally this type is widely used in both garbage & linen chutes. This type has a horizontal rolling door held by springs on each side connected to a fusible link. In case of excessive heat (or fire) the link gets fused at 165°F (68°C) causing the door to roll shut. The discharge is 1.5 hours fire rated. The Automatic Fire Shutter Door also has a manual closing facility and can be used in certain location as both a fire shutter-door and a manual cut off door.

Automatic Fire Sprinlker

Automatic Foul Air Exhaust FanGlass bulb sprinklers are recommended for fire protection inside the chute.Minimum requirement would be one sprinkler at the head of the chute in each chute. Pertinent international standard requirements call for this sprinkler to be incorporated in every second chute intake opening.

Sprinkler : 1/2” IPS, 68°C (165°F).Glass Sprinklers can be used in conjunction with a normal water supply at a pressure of up to 8 bar.

Smoke Detection System:This system shall be provided by the fire alarm subcontractor.

Solenoid Valve

Compactoror rubbish container

Chute Diameter x 2

Floo

r to

Flo

or H

eigh

t

Chut

e D

iam

eter

+

8.25

cm


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Linen Chutes

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Shut off gate / long form

Linen Container

Floo

r to

Flo

or H

eigh

tSpring Counter Balance with Fusible Link

Reinforced Steel

Adjustable Support

45° min Shut off gate / short form

Type ’D’ Top Hung Automatic Fire Door Designed for use where it is not possible to fit a stan-dard automatic fire shutter door. The top hung door gives the same 1.5 hours fire protection, but without the same degree of operator safety. (Safety fencing is recommended) Operation is by the top hinged coun-ter balanced door pulling against a fusible link. In case of fire the door drops shut and is held closed by two retaining catches. Suitable for use with 600mm and 800mm linen chutes.

Discharge Sections

Offsets Factory fabricated from the same material as the refuse chute, but in a heavier gauge to withstand the impact of falling bags. Offsets should not be less than 45° from the horizontal. Offsets are fabricated to all diameters of refuse and linen chutes provided by SFSP.

Manual Cut-off DoorShuts or cuts off chute for cleaning, removal of containers or maintenance of refuse compactors or shredders.

Chute Diameter Lengths Width

500 mm 1000 mm 550 mm

550 mm 1100 mm 600 mm

600 mm 1200 mm 650 mm

700 mm 1400 mm 750 mm

800 mm 1600 mm 850 mm

900 mm 1800 mm 950 mm

►Accessories


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Sound Damping

IntroductionAll metal refuse chutes can produce, in certain circumstances, uncomfortable levels of noise. A factory applied coating of a proven sound dampening compound will dramatically reduce noise level pro-duced by resonant vibrations in metal refuse chutes.

ApplicationFactory applied at the same thickness as the metal substrate or more and over the total area of the exterior surface of the refuse chute, (except refuse, hopper face and side hung door faces)

Sound Damping Paint Typical PropertiesDensity 1.2 kgs/litre

Total solid content 42.0%±1% by volume

Viscosity 380 Kreb gram units

Thermal conductivity Good thermal insulator

Color Beige

Actual spreading rate 1.8 kg/m2

Flammability Non flammable

Hoppers

GeneralUni-Metal refuse hoppers are supplied with uni-metal refuse chutes or sup-plied for separate fitting as independent or replacement hoppers. Designed to eject loose or bagged refuse directly into a refuse chute or a container.

Materials and manufactureFactory fabricated with a robust welded steel construction. The double skinned satin stainless steel facings have a special fire resistant core giving a 1 1/2 hour fire rating.

FinishBase and side cheeks from epoxy powder coated mild steel sheet. Door facings in stainless steel.

Operation Hopper door pivots on an anti vandal hinge and is counter balanced to be self closing and self sealing against a fire resistant seal. Uni-Metal hoppers are specially designed to prevent blockages inside refuse chutes

ApplicationFor use with refuse chutes of 500, 550, 600, 700, 800, and 900mm internal diameter or as independent replacement hoppers.

Internal surfaces not coated

Stainless steelhopper faces not coated

Exterior Surfaces Coated


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Linen Chutes

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Electromagnetic Door Lock (Electric Interlock)

IntroductionElectromagnetic door locking systems are used to enhance the safety of garbage and linen disposal chute systems; although not required by law, they considerably im-prove and ensure proper operation of intake doors.

Application Electric latches can be incorporated in tipping hopper and side-hinged door fixtures; they can be coupled to warning light indicators, signal light indicators, smoke and fire alarms so that the doors remain closed in an emergency situation. Coupled with timers they can be used to control and dictate operating hours of the chute system. Door control is made at the central switchboard so that when one door is open, all others remain closed.This arrangement prevents injury to operating personnel by a falling bag should the chute be used simultaneously at two different levels in disposal, for instance.

DesignElectromagnetic door locking systems are fitted under the filler frame on tipping hopper and bag intake doors. In the door leaf a falling latch is incorporated which can be opened in an emergency by a simple allen key. The lock is operated via a green illuminated pushbutton; a red indicator lamp signaling that the chute has no access. All components of a door locking system and the operating controls are connected during installation and the final connection to the power unit is done by the main contractor.

Operating instructions1- All doors shall be locked when the chute cleaning systems are in operation.2- Doors can only be opened individually, a feedback contact preventing opening of other doors; an indicator lamp on the switchboard indicates that a door is open.3- When all doors are locked it may be that the smoke detectors or fire alarms have been triggered.4- When work is going on in the collection room, personnel safety should be ensured by closing all doors to the system via the switchboard.

Supply requirements & specification- Electro magnetic solenoid bolts.- 220/240 volts. 50/60 Hz. 10 Amps max. or 120/240 volts. 50/60 Hz 5 Amps max.- Low power factor- Pre-set timer. Electric supply as above- Delay on/off. Range 5/200 seconds.

Hoppers comply with BS 476 and BS 5588Smoke resistant : meets BS 476 section 31.1Fire resistant : meets BS 476 part 22, section 6Flush fitting : in accordance with BS 1703 6.3.3.5Self closing : hopper door quietly and safely self closes after every operation in accordance with BS 1703 6.3.3.4 Hopper doors are made out of stainless steel or primed enameled steel.Chute hopper doors are available in different sizes but commonly used ones are:

Chute Diameter Lengths Width

500 mm 450x450 mm (18”x18”) 450x450 mm (18”x18”)

550 mm 450x450 mm (18”x18”) 450x450 mm (18”x18”)

600 mm 500x550 mm (20”x22”) 450x450 mm (18”x18”)

700 mm 600x900 mm (24”x36”) 600x900 mm (24”x24”)

800 mm 600x900 mm (24”x36”) 600x900 mm (24”x24”)

900 mm 700x950 mm (28”x36”) 700x950 mm (24”x24”)

Chute Tube

Chute Tube

Tipping Hopper

Side hingeddoor

Red light,chute busy

Tipping Hopper

Outside sounddamping compound

Outside sounddamping compound

Elecrtic lockcovered toavoid damage

Elecrtic lockcovered toavoid damage

BottomHinged Door

Red light, chute busy


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Technical Information

IntroductionUni-Metal linen chutes are the most efficient method of quickly and economically disposing of soiled linen in multi storey buildings.The dirty linen is usually bagged before loading into the chute. Side hung doors with large openings are therefore the normal standard on linen chutes. Hospitals generate about 3.0 kgs. of soiled linen per bed per day and a similar figure can be used for hotels. The increasing cost of using lifts and maintaining labour in hotels and hospitals reinforces the decision to install a linen chute.

ApplicationOriginal equipment installed in hospitals and hotels for the vertical movement of loose and bagged soiled linen.

Technical Information Uni-Metal linen or laundry chutes have the same basic specification as refuse chutes. For details on the construction, material specification and choice please see previous pages. A full specification for Uni-Met-al linen chutes can be found in this section.

Linen Chute SizesAvailable in either 600mm or 800mm diameters though in practice the 600mm diameter is adequate for most purposes.

Linen Chute DoorsSFSP normally recommends the use of a 450 x 450mm door for use with linen chutes and would also recommend the use of electric interlocks. Linen chute doors are side hung on stainless steel hinges, with either separate or master keyed locks. The doors are fully self closing on an efficient hydraulic self closer. Labels can be attached bearing the message ’LINEN ONLY’ in english and/or the local language.

Fire Safety To meet British Standards of fire safety an automatic fusible linked fire shutter door with a 1 1/2 hour fire rating should be fitted to the bottom of the linen chute, in the linen collection room. Fire sprinklers are also recommended to be fitted at every second floor. The sprinklers are fitted inside the chute entry section and do not interfere with the loading or fall of the soiled linen.

Electric InterlocksTo give increased operator safety we strongly recommend the use of ”time delay” interlocks inside hung door linen chutes.

AccessoriesThe majority of accessories are available with linen chutes as are deceleration tracks, trolleys and containers for carrying bagged or loose linen-the range can be seen in the containers section.

Self ClosingStainless steelSide Hinged Door

Angle Ring Joint

Floor SupportFrame

Clamp Band with 3mm Rubber Insent

Stainless steelTrunking

►Linen Chutes


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Deceleration Tracks

Soiled linen bags, when fully loaded, can weigh between 25 to 50kgs, dependent on size and the manner in which they are packed. A 50kgs solidly packed bag of soiled linen achieves a reasonably high terminal velocity and it is in this type of situation that SFSP recommends the use of deceleration tracks. For buildings of up to 5 storeys, a short deceleration track should suffice. Obviously, the higher the building the longer the length of deceleration track. Appreciating that floor space is always at a premium, SFSP offers, curved and helical deceleration tracks, to achieve the same result in less space. Deceleration tracks can also be used to bring the bagged linen directly onto a sorting table. Made from stainless steel and jointed by R.S. angle rings. Support stands are made from R.S. angle, painted ready for bolting to floor or wall. Illustrated are standard types. Other lengths and models are available to customer specification to match height and width of the linen chute.

N.B. Drawings show deceleration tracks with cut-out

Straight Short Deceleration Track

Deceleration Track Delivering BaggedLinen to Sorting Table

Curved Deceleration Track


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All dimensions in mm

A. Cowl with insect screen.B. Automatic exhaust air fan with access door.C. 1 1/2 hour fire rated hopper.D. Angle ring joint.E. Floor support frame F. Floor opening to be infilled by contractor.G. Enclosing walls built after chute installation.H.Fire shutter door.

NB. Flashing of vent pipe to roof by other.


A. Full diameter vent and cowl (or as specified)B. Disinfecting and sanitizing unitC. Automatic chute cleaning systemD. 1 1/2 hour fire rated hopperE. Floor support frame F. Floor opening to be infilled by contractorG. Enclosing walls built after chute installationH. SprinklersI. Fire shutter doorJ. Discharge section

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight


450or500

410 690A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight


590

450

750

360

Refuse Chutes Examples


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Linen Chutes

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Part 1: General *1.01 Included. Supply and installation of refuse chute system, with certain accessories and ancillary equipment as specified.

*1.02 Not Included. The provision of floor drains, water taps, electrical isolator boxes, infill floor slabs and erection of enclosing walls or the connection of electric or water supply to any equipment in this section.

1.03 Authority. The provided equipment shall meet the requirements of BS 1703: 1977 and BS5906: 2005. Design and components currently used in Uni-Metal refuse chutes shall be considered the standard for quality, performance and appearance.

*1.04 Service and Parts. The manufacturer shall maintain the ability to supply spare parts and components, for a period of three years from the date of manufacture.

*1.05 Manufacturer. Products for use in this section shall be provided by:Specialized Factor for Steel products (SFSP) Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel. + 966 2 6374482 Fax. +966 2 6361963 (or other equal and approved).

*1.06 Submittals. Following receipt of order the manufacturer shall provide fully dimensioned shop drawings for approval prior to manufacture.

Part 2: Products*2.01 Supply. As detailed on drawing a mm internal diameter refuse chute system as manufactured by Specialized Factory for Steel Products (SFSP)

*2.02 Material Trunking. All vertical chute trunking, chute entry sections and vent pipes shall be manufactured from mm stainless steel . Stainless steel used in this section shall be type 304 stainless steel to BS 1449 or as specified.

*2.03 Hoppers. Shall be provided to storeys of the refuse chute and manufactured as follows:The hopper door face will have maximum size of x mm and be designed to ensure that refuse inserted into the hopper cannot cause a blockage in the chute. The hopper shall be self closing

and sealing, have a 1 1/2 hour fire rating.

*2.04 Floor Support Frames. The manufacturer shall provide No 35 x 35 x 3mm R.S.A. frames with welded clamp bands. All fixing nuts and bolts to be rustproofed after manufacture.

*2.05 Discharge. The manufacturer shall provide a stainless steel discharge to be connected to the underside of a fire shutter door. Fire shutter shall be automatic in operation and be capable of cutting off the chute and its shaft from the refuse room.

*2.06 Chute Cleaning. The manufacturer shall provide a factory fitted electrically powered automatic chute cleaning system. The chute cleaning system, to be fitted above the topmost entry section, shall have its own separate housing and side hung, Stainless Steel faced lockable access door. The cleaning system shall consist of a cylindrical housing, with two bands of stiff nylon brushes firmly attached, a geared electric motor,cable, stabilizing weight, flushing head spray and the manufactures standard electric logic control installed to ensure efficient cleaning of the internal surfaces of the chutes.

Complete Standard Refuse Chute Specification for a Storey Building

*2.07 Disinfectant and Sanitizing Unit. A factory fitted disinfectant and sanitizing unit shall be provided. The unit shall be automatic in operation capable of injecting odour counteractant into the supply of the automatic brush cleaning system. *2.08 Ventilation. The chute shall extend through the roof, terminating 1.2m above roof level complete with a weathering terminal or as specified.

*2.081 Exhaust Fan. The manufacturer shall provide a Factory fitted foul air exhaust fan, the fan to be fitted internally in the refuse chute above roof level. An access door will be provided for servicing the fan. The fan shall be protected above and below by lightweight Mesh screens, which are to be removable for cleaning. The fan motor shall be 1/6 HP, Class H continuously rated, capable of a 200m3/hour air displacement. Electric supply 220/240v, or 110/120v, 50/60 Hz, 0.8A.

*2.09 Sound Damping. The total vertical length of all exterior surfaces of the refuse chute shall have a factory applied coating of Sound Damping Compound. The coating shall be applied at the rate of 1.8kgs/m2, or to give a coating of not less than the thickness of the substrate.

*2.10 Chute Construction. The chute shall be fully factory assembled and all joints except those required to separate the sections for shipment and installation, shall be lock seamed or welded. The hopper door shall be bolted in place on the entry sections and checked to ensure proper alignment with the inner baffle plate. Sections shall fit inside the section below and there shall be no bolts, rivets or other projections inside the chute, to impede the free flow of falling refuse. The manufacturer shall provide sealant to ensure all joints are watertight and further provide all other equipment necessary to execute the contract.

*2.11 Automatic off/ on sprinkler, fully automatic currentless

Part 3: Execution*3.01 Equipment. Shall be protected at all times from physical damage. Immediately upon delivery on site the equipment shall be stored in a safe and weatherproof location.

*3.02 Construction waste. Under no circumstances shall the chute be used for construction waste.

*3.03 Inspection prior to installation. The manufacturer shall inspect the area of installation, verify any dimensions and advise of conditions detrimental to proper and timely completion of the work.

*3.04 Installation. The manufacturer shall where instructed, provide experienced technicians to install the chute. The chute shall be installed in compliance with the manufacturer’s standard instruction and shop drawings.

*3.05 Testing and Commissioning. The manufacturer’s technician shall test and commission the refuse chute system after repairing or replacing any damaged parts.

*3.06 Acceptance. The manufacturer’s certificate of acceptance shall be signed by the main contractor or client, on successful completion of this work.

*Optional Items-Please Specify Where Required

YES NO

YES NO

YES NO


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A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight


600

750

750

410 600

800

900

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight

Floo

r to

floo

r he

ight


450

600

750

750

410 500

700


A. Full diameter stainless steel vent (or as specified).B. 2 hour fire rated side hung door entry.C. Support fixed to shaft wall by special gallows bracket.D. Enclosing walls built after erection of chute.E. 1/2” sprinkler head to be fitted every other entry.F. Fire shutter door fixed to underside of floor slab.G. Reinforced angle discharge.H. Tubular Support


A. 150mm diameter vent (or as specified).B. Face wall built after erection of chute.C. Electrically interlocked side hung doors.D. Chute support mounted on structural floor.E. Floor opening to be infilled by builder.F. Fire shutter door fixed to underside of floor slab.G. Master control panel for interlocks (1500 mm off floor level). H. Short deceleration track.r.

Linen Chutes Examples


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Linen Chutes

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Part 1: General*1.01 Supply as detailed on drawings a mm internal diam-eter linen chute as provided by SFSP.

*1.02 Not Supplied or included in this section, the provision of floor drains, water taps, electrical isolators, infill of floor slabs and erection of any enclosing walls or the connection of electric or water supply to any equipment in this section.

*1.03 Manufacturer. Specialized Factory for Steel Products SFSP, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel. + 9662 6374482 Fax. 9662 6361963 . (or other equal and approved)

*1.04 Submittals. The manufacturer shall supply detailed shop drawings for approval prior to manufacture (following receipt of order).

Part 2: Product *2.01 Material. All vertical chute trunking entry sections and vent pipes shall be manufactured from mm stainless steel Type 304 BS1449 or as specified.

*2.02 Doors. The manufacturer shall provide No.600mm x 600mm stainless steel, fully opening, automatically closing side hung doors. the doors shall be self sealing, with a lockable handle, key to pass and have a 2 hour fire rating.

*2.03 Ventilation. The manufacture shall provide, from the top en-try section on the th storey, a top cover plate with sufficient vent pipe of mm diameter to pass through the roof space terminating 1.2 meters above the roof with a terminal and weathering cravat, or as specified.

*2.04 Discharge. The manufacturer shall provide a 2mm stainless steel angled discharge, with a tubular leg for additional support or a deceleration track. The discharge section shall pass through a 1 or 2 hour fire rated, fire shutter door complete with 165°F fusible link. (As specified)

*2.05 Sprinkler. As a fire precaution theManufacturer shall fit a 15mm sprinkler to the top cover plate, above the entry section on the top floor and/or at every other floor. (Optional)

*2.06 Electric Interlock. The manufacturer shall provide with each side hung door, an electro-magnetic solenoid bolt. The electric interlock system should be mounted in the panel above the entry section. Operation shall be push button, with one indicator lamp, green indicating ready for operation and Red indicating system in use.The master control box for the interlock system shall be mounted in the laundry room, close to the linen chute discharge point. The interlock system shall operate off a 120/240v electric supply reduced to 24v for safety and shall have a manufacturer’s factory fitted preset timer. The timer shall be preset to allow single use of the chute at any given time. (Optional)

*2.07 Construction. The linen chute shall be fully factory fabricated and all joints except those required to separate the sections for shipment and installation, shall be welded or lockseamed tight. The side hung doors and electric interlocks shall be factory fitted and tested. All chute sections shall fit inside the section below and there shall be no bolts, rivets or other projections inside the chute to impede the fall of the linen. The manufacturer shall providesealant and all other necessary equipment to successfully execute his contract.

Part 3: Execution*3.01 Equipment shall be protected at all times from physical damage. Immediately upon delivery on site the equipment shall be stored in a safe and weather proof location.

*3.02 Construction waste. Under no circumstances shall the chute be used for construction waste.

*3.03 Installation. The manufacturer shall, where required, provide experienced technicians to install the linen chute. The chute shall be installed to the manufacturer’s standard instructions and shop drawings. The manufacturer’s technicians shall test and commission the linen chute system, after repairing or replacing any damaged or non functioning parts.

*3.04 Acceptance. The manufacturer’s certificate of acceptance shall be signed by the main contractor or client, on successful completion of this work.

Complete Standard Linen Chute Specification for a Storey Building


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Linen Chutes

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Type MGD 2.5 Capacity: 2.5 m3

Material: DIN 30738 hot-dip galvanized steel

Specifications:- Hot dip galvanized body- Formstability through box-profile framework- Strengthening ribs at body, bottom reinforced with stable wheel cases- 2x360O swivel wheels with direction fixing device at the front 200 mm diameter - 2x360O swivel wheels at the back with single wheel stop 200 mm diameter- Galvanized sliding lid- Lateral and rear sliding lid- Capacity: 2500 lid- Weight: approx. 310 kg (body 2mm steel)- Total weight: 1500 kg

Options:- Skids instead of wheels- 2 fixed wheels 200 mm diameter at the front- Central brake for the rear swivel wheels- Interlocking device on the rear steering wheel- Towing gear with heavy-duty-wheels for collective- transportation- Reflex warning-foil at the corners- Owner-stamping in the lid- Slot-opening in the fore lid- Locking device of the fore lid- Locking device for the rear lid for controlled collection with rear lifts- Horizontal sliding grip at the rear- RAL color painting on zinc coating primer

2050

1370

248

490

280

1280

1610 20

0

100

995

470

200

1201600

1830

Interlocking device of the rear swivel wheels:Interlocking device of the rear steering wheels. The operating lever is optional to the waste disposals at the receptacle left or right behind. This lever is welded with a spindle which connects the brake equipment of the two steering wheels.Essential advantages of this system:1. Lateral order of the lever-short way of the worker of the vehicle to the activity-lever.2. Trouble-free activity of the interlocking device under optimal place utilization of the receptacle (House-walls or alike)


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Type MGD 4.5 Capacity: 4.5 m3

Material: Galvanized steel

Specifications:- Hot dip galvanized body- Formstability through box-profile frameworks- Strengthening ribs at container body, bottom reinforced and stable wheel cases- 2 fixed wheels at the front 250 mm diameter- 2x360O swivel wheels at the back with single wheel stop 250 mm diameter- Galvanized sliding lid- Lateral and rear slide grips with steering handles- Content : 4500 Iid- Weight: approx. 420 kg (body 2mm steel sheet)

Options:- Skids instead of wheels- 4x360O swivel wheels instead of 2 fixed wheels at the front, with direction fixing device at the front wheels- Interlocking device on the rear steering wheel- Towing gear with heavy-duty -wheels for collective-transportation- Reflex warning-foil at the receptacle-corners- Owner-stamping in the lid- Slot-opening in the fore lid- Locking device of the fore lid- Locking device of rear lid for controlled collection with rear lifts- Horizontal sliding grip at the rear- RAL color painting on zinc coating primer 360 degree swivel

wheelFolded pocket

edges

Conical stabilizing beads Screwed pocket

Lid locking device

Fixed wheel

20502080

490

250

1790

1280

995

280200

470

1840

1600 120


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Linen Chutes

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Type MGC Capacity: 1.53 m3

Material: Galvanized or stainless steel

Specifications:- Refuse container capacity 2 cubic yard (1.53 m3) type MGC as above shape.- All made of high tensile steel ST52-3, 2mm thick, reinforced at front top edge by 30mm diameter round bar.- Top edges surrounded by U shaped channels (3mm thick).- Four heavy duty swivel caster wheels of 8” diameter two with brake and two without brake.- Continuous inside welding.- Two coats of epoxy primer and two coats of final color on request.- Container without cover.- Made to be lifted by the refuse compactor.

1000 mm

850 mm

1000

mm

1550 mm


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Type HM

1040A

AC

CBB

885

D

1100

2200

1600

885

1600

Type HM 1 HM 2 HM 3 HM 4 HM 5

Capacity 4 7 10 12 4.4

Dimensions HM 1 HM 2 HM 3 HM 4 HM 5

A 2950 3370 4100 4100 2950

B 1100 1500 1700 2000 1300

C 800 840 1100 1100 1880

D 1870 1850 1850 1840

►Tipping Truck Container Skips


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Linen Chutes

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Type H 150 1. Operation: Automatic hydraulically operated.2. Operating Pressure: 40, 000 lbs.3. Compaction: Compacts refuse 15-20% of original volume.4. Packaging: Packages refuse directly into heavy gage plastic sacks or containers.5. Capacity: 750kg/Hr.6. Compaction Chamber: 0.20 M3 with a machine cycletime of 40 seconds giving a theoretical compaction volume of 18M3/hr.7. Construction Compactor: Strengthened 10mm steel plate.8. Compacting Ram: The compacting ram is made from 6mm plate with the face of the ram increased to 25mm plate to effectively handle the 40.000 lbs pressure.9. Compaction chamber: Shall have hardened steel shearing blades.10. Hydraulic Power Pack: Pre-packed fully connected integrally mounted system to develop over 3000 PSI. Normal operating pressure 1000 PSI (Approximately).11. Motor: 40 Second cycle. Time 4 kw-1450 RPM.12. Pump: Pressure balanced, external oval gear type.13. Electrical control: Housed in a keyed access cabinet.14. Other Feature: Repeat hammer action and automatic attendant alarm.

Refuse fed manually or falling down the chute directly into the compactor trips the photo electric cell. The compaction cycle commences

Compactor ram pushes refuse through shearing teeth and then through compaction chamber into heavy guage container.

Refuse is automatically sprayed for with strong disinfectant to protect against insects and reduce any airborne smells.

When the compactor is full the attendant unlashes con-tainer from compactor and wheels the container away. Fits empty container.

►Garbage Compactor


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►List of Equipments to be Supplied

1 Chute Vent

2 Exhaust Fan

3 Access Door

3.1 • Material

3.2 • Size x4 Soleniod valve

5 Chute Vent

6 Cleaning equipment /Brushing device

7 Sanitizing / Disinfecting unit

8 Chute Tube

8.1 • Material

8.2 • Diameter

8.3 • Thickness

8.4 • Length

9 Intake Throat Cylinder

9.1 • Material

9.2 • Diameter

9.3 • Thickness

10 Hopper Door

10.1 • Material

10.2 • Size

10.3 • Electric Lock

10.4 • Light

11 Supporting Frame

12 Deceleration Track

13 Fire Cut off Door

14 Cleaning Sprinkler

15 Control Panel

16 Container

16.1 • Material

16.2 • Type

17 Sorting Table

18 Smoke detection element

19 Control panel for smoke

20 detecting element

21 Central flushing unit

YES NO No. of Pieces

mm


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►Materials

Notes: - S235 JR : S = Structural steel ; 235 = Minimum yield strength in N/ mm2 or MPa JR = Flat products; longitudinal charpy v-notch impact strength class 27 J @ 20 oC

- BS 4360, is gradually being replaced by EN 10025 BS 1449 steel plates, sheets and strips.

- Fittings are manufactured from steel meeting the minimum requirements of ASTM A907 SS, Grade 33.

- ASTM A907 / A907M-96 withdrawn in 2001 and replaced by A 1018 / A1018M. Covers hot rolled heavy –thickness carbon – steel sheet and strip of structural quality in coils beyond the size limits of specification A570 / A570M CS = Commercial Steel , SS = Structural Steel, DS = Drawing Steel, SQ = Structural Quality

- ASTM A 1011 (formerly ASTM A570 and ASTM A572); SS Grade 33 : SS = Structural Steel, 33 = Minimum yield stress RP 0.2 = 33 ksi = 230 MPa = 230 N/ mm2

(To convert from ksi (kilo square inch) to MPa (Mega Pascal) or N/ mm2 or multiply by 6.97)

- Temporary anti corrosion protection. (made by oiling) Slight oiling : 0.4 – 0.7 g/m2 on each side Medium oiling : 0.8 – 1.2 g/m2 on each side Heavy oiling : 1.3 – 2.0 g/m2 on each side (Oiling is done by: mineral oil, esters and additives)

- Tolerances are set down in EN 10151:1992

- Standard for dimensions : EN 10162

MILD STEEL

Designations and comparisons between designations

A. Hot Rolled Steel Coils and Plates / S235 JR, S355 JRSheets and Coils (Flat products of ordinary quality)Non alloy steels EN 10025-2: 2004 / S235 JR, S355 JR

Japan Japan China INDIA International

JIS 3101 JIS 3106 GB 700 (GB / T 1591)

IS ISO

SS 400 SM 400 A Q 235 B IS 226 E 235 B

SS 490 SM 490 A (Q 345 B) IS 961 (E355C)

Euro Norm Euro Norm Euro Norm Germany U.K. France USA USA

EN 10025-2 EN 10025:1990 + A1 : 1993

EN 10025: 1990

DIN 17100 :1983

BS 4360: 1996

NF A 35-501 ASTMA283M

(A633M)

ASTM A 1011 – 01a

CS

S 235 JR S 235 JR G2 Fe 360 B RST 37 - 2 40 (A) B E24 -2 Grade C & D SS Grade 33

S 355 JR S 355 JR Fe 510 B St 52 -3 50 B E36 - 2 Gr. C & D SS Grade 50

Mechanical properties

Name Grade Number Yield Stress Re N/mm2

Tensile Strength Rm N/mm2

Impact StrengthKV J t oc

S 235 JR 1.0037 ≥ 235 360 - 510 27 20

S 355 JR 1.0045 ≥ 355 510 - 680 27 20


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A = normal surface quality. B = best surface quality.

Surface finish- Dull finish or matte - Bright finish


Surface treatment

P Phosphated

PC Phosphated & Chemically Passivated

PO Phosphated & Oiled

C Chemically Passivated

CO Chemically Passivated & Oiled

O Oiled

U Untreated

Notes :- Tolerances to DIN EN 10131, ASTM A568.- Commercial quality by steel (CS), ASTM A366 and ASTM A1008 CS type B.

B. Cold Rolled Steel / DC01Mild unalloyed steel grades for cold forming

Euro Norm Germany U.K. France Italy USA Japan India China

EN 10130 DIN 1623,Part 2

BS 1449:Part 1

N FA 36-401 UNI 5866 ASTM A366 JIS G 3141 513/94 GB699 - 88

DC01 St12 (Fe P01) CR4 F12 Fe P01 (SAE 1010) SPCC O Gr. 08/08F

DIN, BS, NFA & UNI are replaced by Euro Norm

Name Grade Number Yield Stress Re N/mm2


Fracture Elongation A 80

%

DC 01 1.0330 140 - 280 270 - 410 ≥ 28

Surface Quality

Euro Norm Germany U.K. France Italy USA

EN 10130 DIN 1623, Part 2 BS 1449: Part 1 N FA 36-401 UNI 5866 ASTM A366

A 3 GR ( General Purpose)

X MA CLASS 2

B 5 FF ( Full Finish) Z MB CLASS 1



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Linen Chutes

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AppearanceN = Normal rose patternM = Reduced (minimized) rose pattern

Surface finish

Zinc coating surface finish

Normal or regular spangle This finish is obtained during normal solidification of a hot-dip zinc coating on steel, and results in the formation of a coating which exhibits either no spangle or zinc crystals of different sizes and brightness. However, the zinc appearance has no effect on either the quality or corrosion resistance of the coating.

Flattened minimized spangleThis zinc coating finish is obtained by restricting the normal zinc crystal growth followed by the application of a skin pass process.This finish is recommended for applications where a high gloss paint finish is required. It is available for zinc coatings mass up to Z275, and a maximum material thickness of 1.20 mm if passsivation is required, or a maximum thickness of 1.60 mm if passivation is not required.

QualityNormal surface. Errors on surface can occurImproved surface. Small errors are allowed (Skin passing)Best surface. One error free side (Skin passing)


C. Continuously Pre-Galvanized Hot–Dip Zinc Coated / DX51D + ZSteel Sheets, Strips and Coils for Cold forming(Forming & Drawing Quality) (Lock Forming Quality LFQ)

Euro Norm Germany U.K. France Italy USA USA Japan India

EN 10327(EN DIN / EN BS)

DIN 17162 /1 BS 2989 NFA 36- 421 UNI 5753 ASTM (old)

ASTM (amendment)

JIS G 3302 IS

DX 51 D + ZSt 02 Z

(Fe P02 G) ZZ 2 GC Fe P02 G A 527 M A 653 - LFQ SG CD1 D


Steel Grade

Grade Number

0.2 % - Proof StressR

P 0.2 N/mm2


Fracture Elongation A 80

%

DX51 D + Z 1.0226 140 270 - 500 ≥ 22

Euro Norm Germany U.K. France Italy USA Japan

EN 10142 /147 DIN 17162/1 BS 2989 NFA 36-421 UNI 5753 ASTM A146

JIS G 3302

NA NA Spangle N NA Regular Spangle Regular Spangle Regular Spangle

MA MA Minimum Spangle M MA Minimized Spangle Minimized Spangle Minimized Spangle

MB B Smooth B Skin passed - Skin passed

MC C Extra Smooth XS C - - -

GALVANIZED STEEL


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Coating designation Minimum coating mass g/m2 Coating thickness µm

Triple spot test Single spot test

Z100 100 85 7

Z120 120 90 8

Z140 140 120 10

Z200 200 170 14

Z225 225 195 16

Z275 275 235 20

Z350 350 300 25

-The coating weight of an area of 1 m2 including both surfaces-Coating thickness (µm) is calculated from triple spot test values, and is for one side only

(G60 means 0.6 oz/ft2 coating thickness) (to convert from oz/ft2 to g/m2 multiply by 306)

Performance in dry atmosphere

Surface treatmentC Chemical passivation

O Oil

CO Chemical passivation and Oil

U Unoiled and unpassivated

Parts can be used in dry atmosphere without influence of aggressive particles. The cut edge of these sheets with a thickness of approx. up to 1.5 mm are by experience sufficiently protected by the cathode protection against corrosion in almost dry atmosphere.

Notes:- DX 51D Bending and profiling quality in ASTM is CS Type B (Commercial Steel Type B)- Hot – dip galvanized steel is produced on continuous zinc coating lines from either cold rolled (thickness range 0.27 to 2.0 mm) or hot rolled (thickness range 2.01 to 3.0 mm) steel substrate; it is produced to the requirements of EN 10327, EN 10326, EN 10142, EN 10143, ASTM A 653M (Grade 33)- EN 10327 supersedes EN 10142- Hot rolled substrate Due to the nature of the hot rolling process, surface blemishes such as surface scratches and coil breaks which may be high lighted by the zinc coating, can occur on materials with a thickness of greater than 2.01 mm. Neither of these defects will affect the functionality of the materials.- Wet storage corrosion “white rust” Normally light white staining on galvanized steel is not a reason for concern. Either under a heterogeneous film of water, or under permanent condensation, white rust appears on the surface of the steel sheets. It is a precipitation of basic salts of zinc Zn (OH)2 that combines with CO2 to form a protective layer called Zinc Hydroxycarbonate.- In case of ASTM specification, the specification of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet was unified as ASTM A653. - However the former specifications likely to ASTM A526, A527, A528 are also used.- Bending Quality of EN specification is called Lock Forming Quality (LFQ) in JIS or ASTM.

Zn (anode) Zn (anode)Fe (cathode)Fe (cathode)

Zn (anode)

Zn (anode)Fe (cathode)

crack Formation of Zinc Hydroxidewhich fills in the crack. Zinc

Salt

Period for first maintenancePre-galvanized Hot-dip Zinc Coated steel -typical period (years) to first maintenance

Mass g/m² including both surfaces

Coastal Industrial and Urban Suburban and Rural

275 2-5 2-5 5-10

350 2-5 2-5 5-10

Coating thicknessEuro Norm Germany U.K. France Italy USA Japan

Z100 100 G100 (100 g/sqm) Z100 Z100 G40 Z 12 (120 g/sqm)

Z120 - - - - -

Z140 - - - - -

Z200 200 G200 (200 g/sqm) Z200 Z200 G60 Z 18 (180 g/sqm)

Z225 - - - - -

Z275 275 G275 (275 g/sqm) Z275 Z275 G90 Z 27 (270 g/sqm)

Z350 350 G350 (350 g/sqm) Z350 Z350 - Z 35 (350 g/sqm)

Zink layer


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Name Grade Number Yield Stress Tensile Strength Elongation

Re N/mm2 Rm N/mm2 A80 %

DC 01 + ZE 1.0330 140 - 280 270 - 410 ≥ 28

ALUZINK STEEL E. Aluzink Steel / DX51D + AZ

Steel for forming Euro Norm Germany USA

EN 10215 / 10143 DIN 55928/8 ASTM A792

DX 51D + AZ

Aluzink layerWeight class Aluzink weight g / m2 , sum of both sides

Triple spot test Single spot test

AZ 100 100 85

AZ 150 150 130

AZ 165 165 150

AZ 185 185 160

AZ 200 200 170

Surface TreatmentC Chemical passivation

O Oil

S Antifinger print (ALC – Surface)

CO Chemical passivatin and Oil

Appearance M = Normal rose pattern

Quality A- Normal surface. Errors on surface can occur B- Improved surface. Small errors are allowed


Surface treatmentP Phosphated

PC Phosphated & Chemically Passivated

PO Phosphated & Oiled

C Chemically Passivated

CO Chemically Passivated & Oiled

O Oiled

U Untreated

(to convert from g /m2 to oz / ft2 multiply by 0.00327)*After BSEN 10152:1994

D. Electro Galvanized Steel (Electrolytic Coating) / DC01 + ZEThe base material for electrolyticaly coated steel is cold-rolled, annealed, lightly temper – rolled strip

Euro Norm Euro Norm Germany U.K. France Italy USA Japan Japan

EN 10152 EN 10152 - 92 DIN 17163-88 BS 1449 /1 NF 36-401 UNI 5866 ASTM A146 JIS G 3313 JIS G 3141

DC 01 + ZE Fe P01 ZE St 12 ZE CR 4 C Fe P01 A591 - CQ SECC SPCC


Coating thickness (EG)

Coating Designation*

Nominal Zinc coating values for each surface

Minimum Zinc coating values for each surface

Marking

Thickness Mass Thickness Mass

µm g / m² µm g / m²

ZE 25 / 25 2.5 18 1.7 12 E16 ZE 25/25

ZE 30 / 30 5.0 36 4.1 29 E24 ZE 50/50

ZE 50 / 50 7.5 54 6.6 47 E40 ZE 75/75

ZE 100 / 100 10.0 72 9.1 65 ZE 100/100

Surface finish :m = normal r = rough Surface qualityA = normal quality / standardB = best quality / full finish

Notes : - Tolerances : on dimensions and shape to DIN EN 10131- ZE = Pure Zinc electrolytic coating


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Stress-Strain Curve(Stainless steels differ from mild steels in that these stainless steels do not exhibit a well defined yield point when exposed to tensile load)

Effect of Cold WorkThe working of austenitic stainless steel significantly increases the Proof Strength. Localized cold working arises during the forming of angle and channel sections.The benefits of this cold working are not taken into account in SFSP’s designs, but provide additional reserves of strength.

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0 00 20

20

40

40

60

60

Ultimate TensileStrength

0.2% ProofStrength

Elongation

Elon

gatio

n %

Stre

ngth

N/m

m2

Effect of cold working in grade 304 Stainless Steel


Stre

ss

0.2% Proof Stress (Rp)

Strain0.2% Plastic Strain

Typical Stress/Strain Curve for Stainless Steel

STAINLESS STEEL

F. Austenitic Stainless Steels /AISI 304 & 316EN 10088-2/ ASTM A240/ ASTM A480 / ASTM A666

USA Euro Norm Germany UK France Italy Japan

ASTM A240AISI

Steel nameEN 10088-2

DIN Steel number17440

BS 1449:Part 2

AFNOR EN 10088-2 JISG 4304

304 * X5 CrNi 18 - 10 1.4301 304S15 Z6CN 18.09 X5 CrNi 18 - 10 SUS304

304 L X2 CrNi 19 – 11 1.4306 304S11 Z2CN 18.10 X2 CrNi 18 – 11 SUS304L

316 * X5 CrNi MO 17 – 12 – 2 1.4401 316S31 Z6CND 17.11 X5 CrNi MO 17 – 12 (SUS316)

316 L X2 CrNi MO 17 – 12 - 2 1.4404 316S11 Z2CND 17.12 X2 CrNi MO 17 – 17 - 12 SUS316L

Working Stress

AISI Minimum 0.2 % Proof Stress Rp (N/mm2)

Ultimate Tensile Strength Rm (N/mm2)

Tension / Compression (N/mm2)

Shear (N/mm2)

304 210 520 – 720 140 93

304 L 185 485 – 650 133 89

316 220 520 – 670 146 97

316 L 200 500 - 670 146 97

Some Stainless Steel finishesASTM EN 10088 – 2 Thickness

(mm)Description

No. 1 1 D 3.0-5.0 Hot rolled, annealed and pickled

2 B 2 B0.3-6.0

Heat treatment, annealed and pickled after cold rolling skin - passed

No. 4 2 J 0.4-3.0 Polished with abrasive mesh of 150 - 180 grain

Notes : -Type 304 – the most common grade; the classic 18/8 stainless steel. Also referred to as “A2” in accordance with ISO 3506.-Type 304 L – the 304 grade but specially modified for welding-Type 316 – the second most common grade (after 304), alloy addition of molybdenum prevents specific forms of corrosion. also referred to as “A4” in accordance with ISO 3506.-Type 316L – the 316 grade but specially modified for welding.-Modulus of Elasticity 193,000 (N/mm2)-Density 7.92 to 7.94 g/cm3-EN 10088-2 replaces BS 1449- part2-EN 10028-7 replaces BS 1501- part3

Mechanical Properties


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Metals

Stai

nles

s St

eel

Mild

Ste

el

Alu

min

ium

Br

onze

Phos

phor

Br

onze

Copp

er

Cast

Iron

Alu

min

ium

Zinc

Stainless Steel √√ X √ √ √ X X √

Mild Steel X √√ X X X √ X X

Aluminum Bronze √ X √√ √√ √√ X X X

Phosphor Bronze √ X √√ √√ √√ X X X

Copper √ X √√ √√ √√ X X X

Cast Iron X √ X X X √√ X X

Aluminum X X X X X X √√ √

Zinc √ X X X X X √ √√

√√ Can be used in contact under all conditions

√ Can be used in contact under dry conditions (within a cavity above d.p.c. level except where the cavity is used for free drainage)

X Should not be used in contact

Designation: A2 70Austenitic Tensile 1/10 of 700 MPaStainless TypeSteel

F.1 Stainless Steel FastenersStainless steel fasteners are specified to BS EN ISO 3506. Part 1 covers bolts, screws and studs. Part 2 covers nuts. These specifi-cations now replace BS 6105.Grade A2 = 304 Grade A4 = 316

Mechanical PropertiesProperty Class Bolts, screws and studs Nuts Shear Strength of bolts

in clearance holes Psb (N/mm2)0.2% Proof Stress RP

0.2 (N/ mm2)Tensile Strength

Rm (N/ mm2)Proof Load

Strength Sp (N/mm2)

50 210 500 500 311

70 450 700 700 384

Notes:- Property class 50 represents the steel in the annealed condition- Property class 70 represents a “cold drawn” for the bar stock from which the fasteners are made.- All tensile stress values are calculated and reported in terms of the nominal tensile stress area of the thread.

F.2 Austenitic Stainless Steel WireBS 1554 : 1991 min 18/8 , ASTM A276

Bi – Metallic ContactWhen two dissimilar metals are in contact in the presence of an electrolyte, bi-metallic corrosion may occur, this may result in the corrosion of the base metal while the ‘noble’ metal is protected.The table indicates which metals may, in certain circumstances, be used together.


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Aluminium Extrusions Roll Formed Steel

Strength (Tensile) Very good mechanical properties Very high mechanical properties

Density Light weight: about 1/3 that of copper or steel High density; high grams per cubic centimeter.

Strength-to-Weight Ratio Very Good Good

Corrosion ResistanceExcellent it can be further increased. Along with enhanced appearance.Through anodizing or other coatings.

Fair, usually requires protective coatings for corrosion service.

FormabilityEasily formable and extruded in a wide variety of complex shapes including multi-void hollows. Formable to net shapes, and extrusions provide for the placement of metal where it’s needed.

Readily formable; thinner cross-sections than aluminium extrusions; metal cannot always be located where best used in design.

FinishingA huge array of finishes can be applied including mechanical and chemical prefinishes, anodic coatings, paints and electroplated finishes.

Protective coatings such as paint finishes are employed along with electroplated finishes.

Recyclability High scrap value; routinely reprocessed to generate new extrusions. Low scrap value.

Pure aluminium, has little strength, but possesses high electrical conductivity, reflectivity, and corrosion resistance. For this reason, a wide variety of aluminium alloys have been developed.

G.1- 5052 Aluminium 5052 is the alloy most suited to forming operations, with good workability and higher strength than that of the 1100 or 3003 alloys that are commercially available.5052 has very good corrosion resistance, and can be easily welded. 5052 is not a good choice for extensive machining operations, as it has only a fair machinability rating.

Grade Designation: Aluminium 5052; UNS A95052; ISO AlMg 2.5

Specifications:5052 – H32 Aluminium

Minimum PropertiesUltimate Tensile Strength , N/mm2 230

Yield Strength, N/mm2 195

Chemistry Aluminium (AL) 95.7 – 97.7 %

ALUMINIUM

G- Aluminium 5052 & 6063Aluminium is one of the most abundant metals and therefore cost – efficient. High strength – to – weight ratio combined with extraordinary corrosion resistance and flexibility make aluminium a desirable solution to product design.

Aluminium Extrusions vs. Roll Formed Steel

Some Aluminium Alloys:5052 Aluminium 6063 Aluminium


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AA6063 ASTM B361

GS10 ASTM B483

A-GS MIL G – 18014

ASTM B210 MIL P – 25995

ASTM B241 QQ A – 200 / 9

United Kingdom BS H19; DTD 372B

Germany DIN AlMg Si 0.5Werkstoff – Nr : 3.3206

6063 – T6 6063 – T52

Ultimate Tensile Strength N/mm2

Tensile Yield Strength N/mm2

240215

185145

Modulus of Elasticity N/mm2

Elongation at Break %Fatigue Strength N/mm2

68,90012

68.9

68,90012

68.9

Machinability %Shear Modulus N/mm2 Shear Strength N/mm2

5025,800

150

----- ----- -----

Density g/cm3 Aluminium (Al) Content %

2.797.5

2.797.5

Surface FinishNatural metallic finish

Conversion From To Multiply by

MPa N/mm2 1

GPa N/mm2 1000

N/mm2 psi 145

GPa ksi 145

MPa psi 145

ksi psi 1000

lb/in3 g/cm3 27.7

G.2-6063 Aluminium 6063 is often called architectural aluminium for two reasons – first, it has a surface finish that is far smoother than the other commercially available alloys, and second, its strength is significantly less (roughly half the strength of 6061), making it suited for applications where strength is not the foremost consideration.6063 is rated “Good” for forming and cold working operations, “Excellent” for anodizing, and “Fair” for machining.

Grade Designation:- Aluminium 6063-T6; UNS A96063; ISO AlMg 0.5Si;Also corresponds to the following standard designations and specifications:

Mechanical Properties


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►Finishes

Section:through galvanized coating showing pure metal zinc and zinc-iron alloy layers which are the normal coating developments on rimmed or aluminium killed steel.

Section:through galvanized coating on silicon containing steel; Coating is zinc-iron alloy which appears gray.

Zinc-iron alloys

Steel

Pure zinc

Zinc-iron alloys

Steel

1-Hot dip galvanization (H.D.G) After Fabrication ISO 1461 / ASTM A 123H.D.G process consists of dipping steel in melted zinc at 450° Celsius temperature at which iron and zinc share great affinity, and allowing an alloy to form where pure zinc prevails to the outside.Due to the difference of electrochemical potential between zinc and steel (cathodic protection), a zinc coating can protect steel in such a way that vigorous forces, such as cutting, scratching or piercing, are equally protected against corrosion.What considerably affects the appearance and gauge of galvanization is the contents of alloyable elements that are generally present in steel: Carbon, magnesium, and silicon. If the contents of these elements increase, the coating gauge also increases and it becomes matte grey. The greatest effect is produced by silicon in concentrations higher than 0.12%.ISO 1459 withdrown

ASTM A 123 / A 123 M Requirements-Coating Thickness / Weight – dependent upon material category and steel thickness -Finish – continuous, smooth, uniform -Appearance – free from uncoated areas, blisters, flux deposits and gross dross inclusions as well as having no heavy zinc deposits that interfere with intended use -Adherence – the entire coating should have a strong adherence throughout the service life of galvanizedsteel

Hot dip galvanization ProcessMinimum zinc weight / Comparison on various standards

Standard Products to be Galvanized

Minimum Zinc WeightOn each Specimen

Nature Thickness (mm) g/m² Thickness

(µm)

International Standard ISO 1461

Steel e<11≤e<33≤e<5

e≥5

250325395505

35455570

United States ASTM A-123

Steel 0.76≤e<1.61.6≤e<3.23.2≤e<6.4

e≥6.4

259381549610

37547786

United KingdomBS 729

Steel 1≤e<22≤e<5

e≥5

---

---

Germany DIN 50976


e≥6

325360430540

45506075

European StandardCEN

Steel e<1.51.5≤e<33≤e<6

e≥6

250325395505

35455570

France NFA 91-121


e≥5

300350400450

42495663

Italy UNI 5744

Steel 1≤e<33≤e<6

e≥6

360470540

506575

ice preparation

Calvanizing Inspection

Coolingand

cleaningMoltenZinc BathFlux

SolutionRinisingPicklingCausticing

Cleansing

Hot - Dip Galvanizing at SFSP


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Material Category

All Specimen TestSteel Thickness Range (Measured), in (mm)

<1.6 mm 1.6 to < 3.2 mm

3.2 to 4.8 mm

>4.8 to < 6.4 mm

≥ 6.4 mm

Structural Shapes and plate 45 65 75 85 100

Strip and Bar 45 65 75 85 100

Pipe and Tubing 45 45 75 75 75

Wire 35 50 60 65 80

Table.1 ISO 1461 vs. ASTM A 123/A 153 Coating Thickness ComparisonISO steel thickness ISO minimum average coating thickness ASTM average minimum coating thickness

≥ 6 mm (~ ¼˝) 3.3 mils (85 µm) local – steel3.1 mils (80 µm) – castings1.8 mils (45 µm) – castings (if centrifuged)

3.0 mils (76 µm) – pipe & tubing3.1 mils (79 µm) – wire3.3 mils (85 µm) – castings (ASTM A 153)3.9 mils (99 µm) – structurals , strip & bar

< 6 mm (~¼˝) & ≥ 3 mm (~⅛˝) 2.8 mils (70 µm) – steel & castings1.8 mils (45 µm) – castings (if centrifuged)

2.4-2.6 mils (61-65 µm) – wire3.0 mils (76 µm) - pipe & tubing 3.0-3.3 mils (76-85 µm) – structurals, strip & bar3.3 mils (85 µm) – castings (ASTM A 153)

< 3 mm (~⅛˝) & ≥ 1.5mm (~1/16˝) 2.8 mils (70 µm) – castings2.2 mils (55 µm) – steel1.4 mils (35 µm) - casting (if centrifuged)

1.8 mils (46 µm) – pipe & tubing2.0 mils (51 µm) – wire2.6 mils (65 µm) - structurals, strip & bar3.3 mils (85 µm) – castings (ASTM A 153)

< 1.5mm (~1/16˝) 2.8 mils (70 µm) – castings1.8 mils (45 µm) – steel1.4 mils (35 µm) - castings (if centrifuged)

1.4 mils (36 µm) – wire1.8 mils (46 µm) – pipe & tubing1.8 mils (46 µm) - structurals, strip & bar3.3 mils (85 µm) – castings (ASTM A 153)

ISO 1461 vs. ASTM A 153 Coating Thickness Comparison – Fasteners only ISO steel diameter ISO minimum average coating thickness ASTM average minimum coating thickness

≥ 20 mm (~¾˝) 1.8 mils (45 µm) 2.1 mils (54 µm)

< 20 mm (~¾˝) & ≥ 6 mm (~¼˝) 1.4 mils (35 µm) – w/ threads1.8 mils – w/o threads

2.1 mils (54 µm) – over ⅛˝ diameter1.7 mils (43 µm) – under ⅛˝ diameter

< 6 mm (~¼˝) 0.8 mils (20 µm)1.8 mils (45 µm)–w/o threadsover 3 mm diameter1.4 mils (35 µm)–w/o threadsunder 3 mm diameter

1.7 mils (43 µm)

In comparing the two standards, ISO 1461 and ASTM A123 and ASTM A153, there are no major differences.mils = µm x 0.03937

Coating Grade mils oz / ft² µm g/m²

35 1.4 0.8 35 245

45 1.8 1.0 45 320

50 2.0 1.2 50 355

55 2.2 1.3 55 390

60 2.4 1.4 60 425

65 2.6 1.5 65 450

75 3.0 1.7 75 530

80 3.1 1.9 80 566

85 3.3 2.0 85 600

100 3.9 2.3 100 705

The values in micrometer (µm) are based on the Coating Grade. The other values are based on conversions using the following formulas:mils = µm x 0.03937; oz / ft² = µm x 0.02316; g/m² = µm x 7.067; oz / ft² = g/m² x 0.00327 1 mil = 0.001 inch, 1µm = 0.001 mm = 0.00003937 inches

Comparison between ISO 1461 & ASTM A 123

International Standards Organization (ISO) 1461, titled “Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings on Fabricated Iron and Steel Articles-Specifications and Test Methods,” is a general galvanizing specification.This specification is essentially equivalent to the “American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) A123 and A153”

Table.1 Minimum Average Coating Thickness Grade by Material Category

Table.2 Coating Thickness Grade Table.2 Coating Thickness Grade


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Table.2 Differences between ISO 1461 and ASTM A 123ISO 1461 ASTM A 123

Includes mention of Wet Storage – Not a Basis for rejection No Wet Storage stain mentioned

Includes mention for ash as a basis for rejection when affecting intended use. Ash not form of rejection

Doesn’t distinguish steel into material categories (i.e. pipe, strip, wire) Does categorize material by pipe, strip, and wire

Bath composition – 98.5% Zn minimum / 1.5% additives by weight Bath Composition – 98% Zn by weight

No adhesion testing suggested except visual inspection Adhesion testing – stout knife testing suggested

Mean coating – average value on 1 large article or on all the articles in the control sample…5 test readings per ref area (1,000 mm2/min) The average of three specimen coating thickness.

No thickness coating grade Has coating grade

Designates coating thickness for castings No coating designation

RenovationUncovered areas by galvanizer shall not exceed 0.5%Each area shall not exceed 10 cmMin 12 mil (30µm) more than that required by coating requirements

RenovationShall be 1 in (25 mm) or less in its narrowest dimension < ½ of 1% of the surface area or 36 m2 (900 m2 ) per ton of piece of weight, whichever is less 50% higher than table 1, no more than 4.0 units.

Reference AreaSA > 2 m2 (large articles) at least 3 ref areas on each article in the control sample10,000 mm2 (SA) on each article in the control sample, one (at least) reference area.1,000 mm2 – 10,000 mm2 (SA) requires one +eference area.< 1,000 mm2, group enough articles to form at least 1,000 mm2 surface area for an individual reference area. Table 1.

Reference AreaSA > 160 m2 (100,000 mm2 ) (multi specimen) the average of the 3 specimen coating thickness grades comprising each test article is the average coating thickness for that test article.SA ≤ 160 m2 (single specimen), average of all specimens coating thickness grades is the average coating thickness for the sample.Threaded components, the thickness of coating shall be made on a portion of the article that doesn’t include any threads.

Testing Methods:Microscopic Method,Calculation and Magnetic Method

Testing Methods:Magnetic Method,Stripping Method,Weighing before/after galvanizingMicroscopy

Renovation Methods:Shall be by zinc thermal spaying or by a suitable zinc rich paint. Use of zinc alloy stick is possible.

Renovation Methods:Thermal zinc spraying zinc rich paints and zinc alloy stick.

Dispute:Mean masses of HDG coating per unit area using gravimetric method and nominal density of the coating (7.2 g/ cm2)

Dispute:New sample taken randomly from the lot, which has twice the % of the test articles, Magnetic thickness test the sample.

Service duration chart for Hot-Dip Galvanized coatings

Details:Steel chemistry and surface condition determine the metallurgical reaction

between zinc and iron (steel), therefor generating a range of zinc coating

thicknesses.

Steel containing elevated amounts of silicon and phosphorus tend to exhibit

thicker coatings. It is recommended that steels have a slilicon content below

0.04% or between 0.15 % anc 0.22%, as well as a phosphorus level less thsn

0.04%.

Notes:A1: 1/4-inch thick steel has at least 3.9 mils (99 microns) of zinc coating, per

ASTM A 123.

A2: 1/4-inch thick steel will be protected for approximately 72 years in an

industrial environment before any touch-up or repair will be required to

extend the life of the steel in use.

B1 and B2 : 1/2-inch thick steel often has a zinc coating of four mils or more,

resulting in a maintenance-free performance for approximately 85 years.

Cost: The initial cost of hot-dip galvanized steel is equal to the final cost,thus

there are no maintenance costs from year 0 to year 72.

Service duration chart for Hot-Dip Galvanized coatings In an industrial environment

Average Thickness of zinc (mils)*Service duration is defined as the time to 5% rusting steel surface 1 mil=24.7µm /oz/ft2 = 175g/m2

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

A2

A1 B1

B2

2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.03.5 4.5 5.5

100

Serv

ice du

ratio

n* (y

ears)

Average Thickness of zinc (mils)*Service duration is defined as the time to 5% rusting steel surface 1 mil=24.7µm /oz/ft2 = 175g/m2

Serv

ice du

ratio

n* (y

ears)

KeyRura

Suburban

Temperare Marine

Tropical Marine

Industrial

ASTM MinimunCoating Thickness

10

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

< 1/16’’ Diameter wire> 3/8’’ Diameter fastener

> 1/4’’ Thick pipe or tube > 1/4’’ Structural shapes and plates

Castings

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0


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2-Zinc Electroplating after fabrication /ASTM B633

In the electroplating process, the part to be zinc coated is immersed in a solution of zinc ions. An electric current causes the zinc to be deposited on the part.Zinc plated parts typically have a zinc coating of 0.2 to 0.5 mil (5µm to 25 µm) and are recommended for dry indoor use.

Zinc plated products have an attractive appearance when new as the zinc coating is bright and smooth, where a hot-dip galvanized coating has a duller and less smooth surface. There is typically about 10 times as much as zinc applied to small parts in the hot-dip galvanizing process as with zinc plating. But zinc plating will not provide adequate corrosion resistance and will rarely provide

more than 12 months protection in most of the coastal population centers.

Thickness classes for Coatings for Zinc Plating

Classification* Service Condition** Thickness Minimum µm (inch)

Fe / Zn 5 SC1 (mild) 5 (0.0002˝)

Fe / Zn 8 SC2 (moderate) 8 (0.0003˝)

Fe / Zn 12 SC3 (severe) 12(0.0005˝)

Fe / Zn 25 SC4 (very severe) 25(0.001˝)

British standards for specifiying zinc platingStandard Notes Comments

BS EN 12329:2000 Coating requirements may are specified by referencing the following codes or service conditions, where; the mini-mum zinc thickness is specified as a number e.g.ZN5 = 5 µm minimum thickness of zinc,and the pas sivate type or an supplementary treatment is called upby using the appropriate code.Typical thickness codes:ZN5,ZN8, ZN12, ZN25Passivate codes: A = clear passivate, B = Bleached pas sivate, C = Colour passivate, D = Olive drab passivate, F = Black passivateSupplementary treatment codes:T1 = Application of paints, varnishes, powder coatings or similar coatings materials.T2 = Application of organic or inorganic sealantsT3 = DyeingT4 = Application of grease or oil or other lubricantsT5 = Application of waxExample of full coating classification:Zinc plate to BS EN 12329:2000 FE//ZN8//AWhich means; FE = ferrous substrate, ZN = Zinc coat ing 8 = 8 µm min deposit and A = Clear passivate.

Superseded BS 1706:1990

BS 7371-12:2008 Standard for imperial fasteners, thickness is depandent or service conditions, upon screw thread dia and passivation called up by the ZN5 = 5 µm appropriate code:Screw thread dia Batch av thk (µm)0.060’’ to 0.125’’ 3.8 to 51 µm0.126’’ to 0.250’’ 5.1 to 6.4 µm0.250’’ to 0.500’’ 6.4 to 7.6 µm0.500’’ to 0.750’’ 7.6 to 8.9 µm>0.75’’ See BS EN 12329Passivate codes: A = Clear, B = Bleachd C= Colour,D = Olive drab BK = Black

Superseded BS 3385 Part 2

BS EN ISO4042:2000 Standard for fasteners, p;ating thickness is dependent up on thread dia and passivation is called up by the appropriate code.Screw thread dia Batch av thk (µm)1.0 to 2.0 mm 32.5 to 8.0 mm 510 to 16 mm 818 to 22 mm 10> 22 mm See the table in the specificationPassivate codes:Class 1: A = Clear, B = BleachedClass 2 : C = Colour, D = Olive drabBK = Black

Replaces BS7371-3:1993

* Iron or steel with zinc electroplate. Numerical thickness in micrometers* * Where service conditions are valid only for coatings with chromate conversion coating. Type II for SC4 and SC3 and type III for SC2 and SC1.


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3-Powder Coating. Epoxy Coating powder types (EP). Polyester coating powder (SP). Polyester / Epoxy coating powder (SP / EP)

Epoxy coating powder types (EP) (5-15 µm) / InternalEP coating powders possess very good chemical resistance and excellent mechanical values such as high elasticity or impact resistance. Epoxy powders are used for corrosion – resistant applications. They have no physiologically negative characteristics. One disadvantage is their tendency to “ go chalky” and turn yellow under external factors

Polyester coating powder (SP) (25 µm) / ExternalPolyester coating powders are weather proof and do not “go chalky”, so they can be used out – doors. They have good mechanical properties such as blow and impact resistance and good adherence, which means that such later processes as sawing, drilling, or machining are also possible.

Polyester / Epoxy coating powder (SP / EP) / Internal & ExternalThe mixing ratio between epoxy resin and polyester resin varies between 60 / 40 and 10 / 90. The resultant powder films are far more resistant to yellowing and less liable to “ go chalky”, and also have excellent mechanical qualities.The range of colours includes the whole of the standard RAL pallet and many others.

-Specific Gravity: 1.20 – 1.90 g/cm3 depending on colour and type.

Technical Properties

Item Test Standard Test IndexISO UK China

Adhesion (Cross Cut) ISO 2409 BS 3900 : Part E6 GB/T9286-1998 Classification Gt0 – no loss of adhesion

Pencil Hardness ASTM D3363 ---- GB/T6739 -1996 1 H – 3H

Impact Test ISO 6272 ---- GB/T1732 -1993 10 – 60 kg cm

Erichsen Test ISO 1520 BS 3900 : Part E4 GB/T9753 -1988 5 – 10 mm Depending on colour and type

Flexibility ISO 1519 BS 3900 : Part E1 GB/T6742 - 1986 0.5 – 2 mm

Chemical ResistanceExcellent resistance against:-Sea water -Tap water-Sulphuric acid, 20 %-Phosphoric acid, 30 %-Sodium hydroxide, 30 %-Acetic acid, 20 %-High alcoholsLimited resistance against-Hydrochloric acid Concentration-Nitric acid 30 %-Petrol-Aromatic solvents

Related Standards:ISO 2081-NEQ, NF A91-052, DIN 50961 ASTM B633

Standards Thickness

BS EN 12329:2000 FE / ZN SA 5 µm

BS EN 12329:2000 FE / ZN 12A & 12/C 12 µm

BS 1706 FE ZN 8c2c 8 µm

BS 1706 FE ZN 5c2c 5 µm

BS 3382 parts 1&2 1961 10 µm

RAL 1013

BEIGE

RAL 1003

YELLOW

RAL 3020

RED

RAL 8014

BROWN

RAL 9003

BEIGE

RAL 7004

GREY

RAL 5015

BLUE

RAL 6005

GREEN

GREENblue

YELLOW BROWNREDBEIGE

GREYWHITE

RAL Colors


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►ConvertersLengthTo Convert From To Multiply By

inch (in) = meter (m) x 2.540000 x 10-2

foot (ft) = meter (m) x 3.048000 x 10-1

inch (in) = centimeter (cm) x 2.540000

foot (ft) = centimeter (cm) x 3.048000 x 10+1

inch (in) = micrometer (µm) x 2.540000 x 10+4

foot (ft) = micrometer (µm) x 3.048000 x 10+1

meter (m) = foot (ft) x 3.280840

meter (m) = inch (in) x 3.937008 x 10+1

micrometer (µm) = foot (ft) x 3.937008 x 10-5

micrometer (µm) = inch (in) x 3.280840 x 10-6

AreaTo Convert From To Multiply By

inch (in2) = square meter (m2) x 6.451600 x 10-4

foot (ft2) = square meter (m2) x 9.290304 x 10-2

inch (in2) = square. centimeter (cm2) x 6.451600

foot (ft2) = square. centimeter (cm2) x 9.290304 x 10+2

inch (in2) = square.micrometer (µm2) x 6.451600 x 10+8

foot (ft2) = square.micrometer (µm2) x 9.290304 x 10+10

square meter (m2) = square foot (ft2) x 1.0764 x 10+1

square meter (m2) = square inch (in2) x 1.550003 x 10+3

sq. centimeter (cm2) = square foot (ft2) x 1.0764 x 10-3

sq. centimeter (cm2) = square inch (in2) x 1.550003 x 10-1

sq.micrometer (µm2) = square foot (ft2) x 1.0764 x 10-9

sq.micrometer (µm2) = square inch (in2) x 1.550003 x 10-7

VolumeTo Convert From To Multiply By

inch (in3) = cubic meter (m3) x 1.638706 x 10-5

foot (ft3) = cubic meter (m3) x 2.831685 x 10-2

inch (in3) = cubic centimeter (cm3) x 1.638706 x 10+1

foot (ft3) = cubic centimeter (cm3) x 2.831685 x 10+4

inch (in3) = cubic micrometer (µm3) x 1.638706 x 10+13

foot (ft3) = cubic micrometer (µm3) x 2.831685 x 10+16

square meter (m3) = square foot (ft3) x 3.5315 x 10+1

square meter (m3) = square inch (in3) x 6.01024 x 10+4

sq. centimeter (cm3) = square foot (ft3) x 3.5315 x 10-5

sq. centimeter (cm3) = square inch (in3) x 6.01024 x 10-2

sq.micrometer (µm3) = square foot (ft3) x 3.5315 x 10-17

sq.micrometer (µm3) = square inch (in3) x 6.01024 x 10-14

gallon (U.S. liquid) = cubic meter (m3) x 3.785412 x 10-3

ForceTo Convert From To Multiply By

pounds-force (lbf ) = newtons (N) x 4.448222 x 10°

TemperatureTo Convert From To Multiply By

degree Fahrenheit = degree Celsius x t°C = (t°F - 32)1.8

degree Celsius = degree Fahrenheit x t°F = 1.8t°C + 32


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Section PropertiesTo Convert From To Multiply By

section modulus S (in3) = S (m3) x 1.638706 x 10-5

moment of inertia I(in4) = I (m4) x 4.162314 x 10-7

modulus of elasticity E (psi) = E (Pa) x 6.894757 x 10+3

section modulus S (m3) = S (in3) x 6.102374 x 10+4

moment of inertia I (m4) = I (in3) x 2.402510 x 10+6

modulus of elasticity E (Pa) = E (psi) x 1.450377 x 10-4

Bending Moment or TorqueTo Convert From To Multiply By

lbf.ft = newton meter (N.m) x 1.355818

lbf.in = newton meter (N.m) x 1.129848 x 10 -1

N.m = lbf.ft x 7.375621 x 10 -1

N.m = lbf.ft x 8.850748

MassTo Convert From To Multiply By

ounce = kilogram (kg) x 2.834952 x 10-2

pound = kilogram (kg) x 4.535924 x 10-1

kilogram (kg) = ounce x 3.527396 x 10+1

kilogram (kg) = pound x 2.204622

Mass Per unit Lengthlb/ft = kilogram per meter (kg/m) x 1.488164

lb/in = kilogram per meter (kg/m) x 1.785797 x 10+1

kg/m = pound per foot (lb/ft) x 6.719689 x 10-1

kg/m = pound per inch (lb/in) x 5.599741 x 10-1

Mass Per unit Volumelb/ft3 = kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3) x 1.601846 x 10+1

lb/in3 = kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3) x 2.767990 x 10+4

kg/m3 = pound per cubic foot (lb/ft3) x 6.242797 x 10-2

kg/m3 = pound per cubic inch (lb/inch3) x 3.612730 x 10-5

lbs/ft3 = pound per cubic inch (lb/inch3) x 1.728000 x 10+3

Mass Per unit Arealb/ft2 = kilogram per square meter (kg/m2) x 4.882428

kg/m2 = pound per square foot (lb/ft2) x 2.048161 x 10-1

Pressure or Stresslbf/in2 (psi) = pascal (Pa) x 6.894757 x 10+3

kip/in2 (ksi) = pascal (Pa) x 6.894757 x 10+6

lbf/in2 (psi) = megapascal (MPa) x 6.894757 x 10-3

pascal (Pa) = pound-force per square inch (psi) x 1.450377 x 10-4

pascal (Pa) = kp per square inch (psi) x 1.450377 x 10-7

megapascal (MPa) = lbf/in2 (psi) x 1.450377 x 10+2

AbbreviationsDefl. = Deflection o.c. = On Center

S.F. = Safety Factor PVC = Poly Vinyl Chloride

Ft. = Feet In. = Inch

Pre-galv. = Pre-galvanized Steel psi = Pound per Square Inch

Metric symbolsm= Meter kg= Kilogram kn = Kilonewton

cm= Centimeter lb = pound Pa= Pascal

mm= Millimeter ft = foot MPa= Megapascal

µm= Micrometer N= Newton


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Documents

Typy of Chutes