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Typical Animal Cell
vacuolecentrioles
nucleus
smoothendoplasmic
reticulum
Golgi body
mitochondria
plasma membrane
lysosome
roughendoplasmic
reticulum
nucleolusnuclear membrane
cytoplasm
Typical Plant Cell
Golgi body
chloroplast
mitochondria cell wall
plasma membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
central vacuole
Cell (plasma) Membrane
Surrounds the cell, like the “skin” of the cell.
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell and provided protection and support for the cell.
Cell (plasma) membrane
CELL MEMBRANE
THE CELL MEMBRANE HAS 2 LAYERS
Cytoplasm
a thick liquid inside all cells aka “Cell Jelly”
Supports all cell organelles
CYTOPLASM
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of tubes that assembles and transport materials.
The ER is made up of rough and smooth regions
“Highways”
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
This is Rough Endoplasmic
reticulum. Notice the ribosomes!
• Rough ER = with ribosome • Transports proteins
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
rough ER(with ribosomes)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
•Smooth = No ribosomes
•Transports lipids
Golgi Apparatus (Bodies/complex)
The Golgi is in charge of secretion of chemicals.
1) Substances arrive there and are changed2) Then they are repackaged and sent other
places in the cell.3) Sometimes substances are sent out of the
cell.
Golgi Bodies
Golgi Bodies
Vacuoles
The vacuole is a fluid filled organelle that stores amino acids, sugars, water and wastes.
Much larger in plants.
Plant vacuole
Animal vacuole
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are the energy production centers of the cell.
Mitochondria convert glucose and O2 into energy.
“powerhouse”
Many found in muscle cells.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria
The Nucleus
The nucleus is the storehouse for DNA and controller of the cell.
The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane (envelope)
DNA makes up chromosomes, which carry the genetic code for a cell.
The Nucleus
Lysosomes
cells' garbage disposal system
contain enzymes that break apart nearly all cell molecules.
digest worn out cell parts
If the lysosome breaks, it can destroy the cell!
Centrioles
1) found only in animal cells
2) involved in cell reproduction
Ribosome
Assembles small protein parts
Located on the surface of the Rough Endoplasmic reticulum or free floating.
A word about plants…
Plant cells contain additional organelles that are absent from
animal cells!
Chloroplast
The chloroplast is a special organelle necessary to carry out photosynthesis.
Chloroplasts contain certain pigments that give leaves the color they contain.
They belong to a group of organelles called “Plastids”. They all contain pigments and starch.
Cell Wall
Plant cells are also surrounded by a cell wall, in addition to a plasma membrane.
The cell wall is a tough layer that supports a cell and gives it shape.
Cell wall
Cell membrane