TYPES OF ENERGY and Energy Conversions Mechanical,
Electromagnetic, Electrical, Chemical, Nuclear, and Thermal
Slide 3
What is Mechanical Energy? o Energy due to an objects motion
(kinetic) or position (potential). The bowling ball has mechanical
energy. When the ball strikes the pins, mechanical energy is
transferred to the pins!
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Examples of Mechanical Energy
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What is Electromagnetic Energy? o Light energy o Includes
energy from gamma rays, xrays, ultraviolet rays, visible light,
infrared rays, microwave and radio bands
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What is Electrical Energy? o Energy caused by the movement of
electrons o Easily transported through power lines and converted
into other forms of energy
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What is Chemical Energy? o Energy that is available for release
from chemical reactions. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store
energy that is transformed into thermal energy when the match is
struck.
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Examples of Chemical Energy
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What is Thermal Energy? o Heat energy o The heat energy of an
object determines how active its atoms are. A hot object is one
whose atoms and molecules are excited and show rapid movement. A
cooler object's molecules and atoms will show less movement.
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What is Nuclear Energy? The nucleus of an atom is the source of
nuclear energy.
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What is Nuclear Fission? When the nucleus splits (fission),
nuclear energy is released in the form of heat energy and light
energy (nuclear bombs!).
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What is Nuclear Fusion? The suns energy is produced from a
nuclear fusion reaction in which hydrogen nuclei fuse to form
helium nuclei. Nuclear energy is also released when nuclei collide
at high speeds and join (fusion).
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Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is the most concentrated form of
energy. Our closest Nuclear Power Plant is Vogtle Nuclear Electric
Generating Plant in Augusta (where the Masters Golf Tournament is
held). This plant converts nuclear energy into electromagnetic
energy.
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Energy Conversion Energy can be changed from one form to
another. Changes in the form of energy are called energy
conversions. All forms of energy can be converted into other forms.
The suns energy through solar cells can be converted directly into
electricity. Green plants convert the suns energy (electromagnetic)
into starches and sugars (chemical energy). The most common energy
conversion is the conversion between potential and kinetic
energy.
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Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion Roller coasters work
because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the
cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a
great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion
between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the
entire ride.
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Other energy conversions In an electric motor, electromagnetic
energy is converted to mechanical energy. In a battery, chemical
energy is converted into electromagnetic energy. The mechanical
energy of a waterfall is converted to electrical energy in a
generator.
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Energy Conversions In an automobile engine, fuel is burned to
convert chemical energy into heat energy. The heat energy is then
changed into mechanical energy.
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Chemical Heat Mechanical What types of energy are represented
below?
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The Law of Conservation of Energy Energy can be neither created
nor destroyed by ordinary means. It can only be converted from one
form to another. If energy seems to disappear, then scientists look
for it leading to many important discoveries.
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Law of Conservation of Energy In 1905, Albert Einstein said
that mass and energy can be converted into each other. He showed
that if matter is destroyed, energy is created, and if energy is
destroyed mass is created. E = MC 2
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QUIZ TIME! What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven?
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY What type of energy is the spinning plate
inside of a microwave oven? MECHANICAL ENERGY
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QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house
through power lines. When you plug an electric fan to a power
outlet, electrical energy is transformed into what type of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
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QUIZ TIME! What energy transformation occurs when an electric
lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
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What types of energy are shown below? Mechanical and Thermal
Energy (Dont forget friction)
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What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy
Slide 26
What types of energy are shown below? Electrical, Mechanical
and Electromagnetic Energy
Slide 27
What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy
(yummy)
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What type of energy is shown below? Thermal Energy
Slide 29
Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a
car from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different
types of energy.
Slide 30
Energy Transfer Chemical Electrical Sound (mechanical) Light
(Electromagnetic) Thermal Mechanical