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Types of Connective Tissue
Fall 2008Animal Growth & Development
ANSC 590Tarleton State University
Major Functions of Connective Tissue• Protective package • Support and bear weight• Mobility • Transmit force• Pathway for cell migration, ions, proteins,
metabolites, etc. • Structural barrier and immune response to
infection or invasion • Organ maintenance, defense, and repair• Wound healing • Storage
Collagen & Elastin Percentage Comparisons in Selected Connective
Tissues *
*Adapted from A.J. Baily & N. Light, 1989
4 Types of Connective Tissue
1. Loose
2. Dense
3. Adipose
4. Supportive
Loose Connective Tissue Characteristics
• Porous • Highly flexible yet strong• Relatively few collagen or elastin
fibers• Highly vascular• Many cells
Dense Connective Tissue Characteristics
• Many fibers• High in Collagen and Elastin• Very strong with little flexibility• Minimally vascular
Dense Connective TissueRegular vs. Irregular
• Regular has aligned fibers for maximal tensile strength. - i.e. tendons
• Irregular Dense Connective Tissue has a random lay of fibers to resist forces from many directions by always providing opposition. - i.e. skin
Adipose Connective Tissue Characteristics
• Specialized• Stores triglycerides• Stores energy • Insulates• Pliable• Cushions• Important for animal growth• Around critical organs• Highly vascular
Supportive Connective Tissue Characteristics
• Specialized• Matrix consists of hyaluronic acid,
chondroitin 4-sulfate, chodroitin 6-sulfate, keratin sulfate, and chondrocytes
• Minimally vascular so thin and layered
• Interstitial Growth occurs within the tissue by filling newly-formed lacunae then creating replacement lacunae.
• Appositional Growth occurs outside the tissue by forming new layers.
Supportive Connective Tissue Interstitial Growth
Appositional Growthvs.
Supportive Connective Tissue 3 Types of Cartilage
1. Hyaline Cartilage:• Many collagen fibrils - 40% of total weight of hyaline cartilage• Bluish-white• Resistant to constant pressure and friction – i.e. rigid rings of
trachea
2. Elastic Cartilage:• Much elastin with little collagen• Very flexible without gross rigidity – i.e. external ear
3. Fibrocartilage:• Mostly collagen• Very rigid with little or no flexibility – i.e. between pelvic bone &
pubis• Referred to as “Almost Bone”