Elevator…..Elevator…..• Presented by…..Presented by…..

1. Bidrohi Bhattacharya1. Bidrohi Bhattacharya

2. Samit Kumar Bhoumik2. Samit Kumar Bhoumik

3. Sankha Majumdar3. Sankha Majumdar

Types of ElevatorsTypes of Elevators

• Hydraulic ElevatorHydraulic Elevator• Traction ElevatorTraction Elevator

Traction ElevatorsTraction Elevators

• The Cabin is fastened by a rope The Cabin is fastened by a rope system driven by the traction system driven by the traction machine. The Cabin is balanced by machine. The Cabin is balanced by the counterweight. the counterweight.

• As the Cabin goes up the counter As the Cabin goes up the counter weight goes down and vice versa.weight goes down and vice versa.

• The counter weight is much heavier The counter weight is much heavier than empty cabin. than empty cabin.

Traction Elevator…..Traction Elevator…..

• The purpose of the counter weight system The purpose of the counter weight system

is to keep the total system energy constant.is to keep the total system energy constant.

• The SHEAVE over which the rope moves is The SHEAVE over which the rope moves is driven by the Geared or Gearless Motor.driven by the Geared or Gearless Motor.

• The Motor has to overcome only the The Motor has to overcome only the frictional force as the most of the weight is frictional force as the most of the weight is balanced by the counter weight.balanced by the counter weight.

Traction Elevator…..Traction Elevator…..

• The cabin and the counter weight are The cabin and the counter weight are supported against horizontal forward supported against horizontal forward or backward movement by a pair of or backward movement by a pair of rails on both sides.rails on both sides.

• The balancing makes the lift so The balancing makes the lift so energy efficient that it may even be energy efficient that it may even be drive by battery supply.drive by battery supply.

Types of Traction ElevatorsTypes of Traction Elevators( Depending upon position of Machine ( Depending upon position of Machine Room)Room)

1.1. Machine Room Elevator i.e. has an Machine Room Elevator i.e. has an external room to accommodate the external room to accommodate the traction machine ( normally above traction machine ( normally above the lift shaft).the lift shaft).

2.2. Machine Room Less Elevator i.e. no Machine Room Less Elevator i.e. no external room is needed. In General external room is needed. In General Permanent Magnet Machine is used Permanent Magnet Machine is used here. here.

Home Elevator…….Home Elevator…….

• It may be a traction elevator or It may be a traction elevator or hydraulic elevator but operates on hydraulic elevator but operates on single phase supply.single phase supply.

• It is capable of operating in small rise It is capable of operating in small rise and for small capacity.and for small capacity.

Hydraulic ElevatorHydraulic Elevator

• Here the cabin is connected to a Here the cabin is connected to a hydraulic ram which moves the cabin.hydraulic ram which moves the cabin.

• The hydraulic ram consists of a fluid The hydraulic ram consists of a fluid driven piston mounted inside a cylinder.driven piston mounted inside a cylinder.

• The cylinder is powered by the fluid The cylinder is powered by the fluid controlled by a pump, valve. controlled by a pump, valve.

• The fluid is a typical one called the The fluid is a typical one called the Hydraulic Elevator fluid.Hydraulic Elevator fluid.

Hydraulic Elevator….Hydraulic Elevator….

• The fluid from the tank is pumped by the The fluid from the tank is pumped by the pump mechanism and the valve opens. So pump mechanism and the valve opens. So the pressurized fluid thrusts the cylinder the pressurized fluid thrusts the cylinder up. At the destination the valve closes, up. At the destination the valve closes, keeps the pressure and the cabin stops.keeps the pressure and the cabin stops.

• During descending of cabin the valve During descending of cabin the valve opens and the fluid comes back to the opens and the fluid comes back to the tank. So no pumping action is needed as tank. So no pumping action is needed as the cabin descends.the cabin descends.

Hydraulic Elevator…..Hydraulic Elevator…..

• The valve is controlled by the The valve is controlled by the solenoid switch.solenoid switch.

• The controller controls the solenoid The controller controls the solenoid switches.switches.

• The system as it appears is incredibly The system as it appears is incredibly simple but do have some draw simple but do have some draw backs.backs.

Advantages & Advantages & Disadvantages Disadvantages Advantages:Advantages:

• Low initial costLow initial cost

• Space and Space and pressure efficientpressure efficient

• Smooth operation.Smooth operation.

• Fluid is Fluid is compressible.compressible.

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:

• High running costHigh running cost

• Rise cannot be Rise cannot be beyond 25 meters.beyond 25 meters.

• High speed version High speed version is not possible.is not possible.

• Leakage and heat Leakage and heat production makes it production makes it tougher to maintain.tougher to maintain.