THE TEMPEST

Act I Scene i

I Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

GONZALOGood, yet remember whom thou hast aboard.BoatswainNone that I more love than myself. You are acounsellor; if you can command these elements tosilence, and work the peace of the present, we willnot hand a rope more; use your authority: if youcannot, give thanks you have lived so long, and makeyourself ready in your cabin for the mischance ofthe hour, if it so hap. Cheerly, good hearts! Outof our way, I say.

1) Who are the royal people aboard the ship? What has the boatswain said just before the extract about these people?

2) What does the boatswain request Gonzalo to do?3) What is referred to as the mischance of the hour? How could they save themselves from the

mischance?4) Give the meaning of:

If you can command these elements to silence, and work the peace of the present, we will not hand a rope more;

5) What role does the sea storm play in the development of the plot?

GONZALOI have great comfort from this fellow: methinks hehath no drowning mark upon him; his complexion isperfect gallows. Stand fast, good Fate, to hishanging: make the rope of his destiny our cable,for our own doth little advantage. If he be notborn to be hanged, our case is miserable.

1) Who is this fellow referred to in the extract? Why does Gonzalo have great comfort from him?2) Give the meaning of:

Stand fast,good Fate, to his hanging! make the rope ofhis density our cable, for our own doth littleadvantage!

3) Where does this scene take place? Describe the chaos and confusion in the scene.4) In the modern times confusion and chaos is shown on the stage by using modern equipment. How

did Shakespeare produce such an effect on the stage?.. 5) Why did the passengers travel in the ship? What did they do during the tempest?

BoatswainDown with the topmast! yare! lower, lower! Bringher to try with main-course.

A cry within

A plague upon this howling! they are louder thanthe weather or our office.

Re-enter SEBASTIAN, ANTONIO, and GONZALO

Yet again! what do you here? Shall we give o'erand drown? Have you a mind to sink?SEBASTIANA pox o' your throat, you bawling, blasphemous,incharitable dog!

1) What is the boatswain trying to do? How does the extract show that the people were in danger during the tempest?

2) How can you say from this scene that Shakespeare had a sound knowledge of a ship at sea?3) Give the meaning of:

Yet again! What do you here? Shall we give o’er and drown? Have you a mind to sink?4) Who are Sebastian, Antonio and Gonzalo?5) Compare the character of Sebastian with that of Gonzalo.

ANTONIOHang, cur! hang, you whoreson, insolent noisemaker!We are less afraid to be drowned than thou art.GONZALOI'll warrant him for drowning; though the ship wereno stronger than a nutshell and as leaky as anunstanched wench.BoatswainLay her a-hold, a-hold! set her two courses off tosea again; lay her off.

Enter Mariners wet

MarinersAll lost! to prayers, to prayers! all lost!

1) Who is the insolent noise-maker? What is he busy doing? Why is Antonio talking to him impatiently?

2) Why is Gonzalo confident that the boatswain will not die by drowning?3) Compare the attitude of:

(a) Antonio (b) Gonzalo (c) Boatswain (d) Mariners4) Give the meaning of:

(a) I’ll warrant him for drowning; though the ship were no stronger than a nutshell.

(b) Lay her a-hold! Set her two courses! Off to sea again; lay her off!

5) How does Shakespeare create an atmosphere of a fierce storm in the scene?

Act I Scene ii

II Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

 O, I have sufferedWith those that I saw suffer: a brave vessel,Who had, no doubt, some noble creature in her,Dash'd all to pieces. O, the cry did knockAgainst my very heart. Poor souls, they perish'd.Had I been any god of power, I wouldHave sunk the sea within the earth or ereIt should the good ship so have swallow'd andThe fraughting souls within her.

1) Where is Miranda? How is she there? What has she seen that makes her suffer?2) Name some of the noble creatures referred to in the extract. How were they in the brave vessel?3) Describe the character of Miranda from the extract.4) How is the brave vessel dashed to pieces? Who is responsible for the destruction? Why did he do

such destruction?5) Why is Miranda ignorant of who Prospero was? Which items were necessary from Prospero to

practice his magic art?

MIRANDAO, woe the day!PROSPERONo harm.I have done nothing but in care of thee,Of thee, my dear one, thee, my daughter, whoArt ignorant of what thou art, nought knowingOf whence I am, nor that I am more betterThan Prospero, master of a full poor cell,And thy no greater father.MIRANDAMore to knowDid never meddle with my thoughts.PROSPERO'Tis timeI should inform thee farther. Lend thy hand,And pluck my magic garment from me. So:

1) Why does Miranda say, “O, woe the day”? How does Prospero console her?

2) Why is Miranda ignorant of what she is? What does she remember of her childhood days?3) How did Prospero and Miranda reach the particular place?4) Who has helped them? What did the helper do?5) Give the meaning of:

(a) nor that I am more better Than Prospero, master of a full poor cell, And thy no greater father.(b) More to knowDid never meddle with my thoughts.

PROSPEROBoth, both, my girl:By foul play, as thou say'st, were we heaved thence,But blessedly holp hither.MIRANDAO, my heart bleedsTo think o' the teen that I have turn'd you to,Which is from my remembrance! Please you, farther.PROSPEROMy brother and thy uncle, call'd Antonio--I pray thee, mark me--that a brother shouldBe so perfidious!

1) What two reasons does prospero give in the extract for their coming to their destination? What was the foul play referred to in the extract?

2) Why was Prospero’s coming to the new place a blessing in disguise? What might Miranda have done for which she feels pity for her father?

3) Give the meaning of:(a) But blessedly holp hither.(b) To Think o’the teen that I have turned you to, Which is from my remembrance!

4) State what Prospero had done for his brother? How did the brother prove to be ungrateful to him?5) How was Prospero unparalleled to others in dignity and learning in those days?

PROSPEROBeing once perfected how to grant suits,How to deny them, who to advance and whoTo trash for over-topping, new createdThe creatures that were mine, I say, or changed 'em,Or else new form'd 'em; having both the keyOf officer and office, set all hearts i' the stateTo what tune pleased his ear; that now he wasThe ivy which had hid my princely trunk,And suck'd my verdure out on't. Thou attend'st not.

1) What did Prospero assign to be done by Antonio? Why did the former do it?

2) How did Antonio deal with Prospero’s dependent office holders? How did he train his new office holders?

3) Explain in what way was Antonio like an ivy.4) Give the meaning of:

(a) who to advance, and whoTo trash for over-topping,(b) having both the keyOf officer and office, set all hearts I’ the stateTo what tune pleased his ear,

5) By excluding the material given in the extract above, state how Antonio got the total control of the dukedom.

MIRANDAYour tale, sir, would cure deafness.PROSPEROTo have no screen between this part he play'dAnd him he play'd it for, he needs will beAbsolute Milan. Me, poor man, my libraryWas dukedom large enough: of temporal royaltiesHe thinks me now incapable; confederates--So dry he was for sway--wi' the King of NaplesTo give him annual tribute, do him homage,Subject his coronet to his crown and bendThe dukedom yet unbow'd--alas, poor Milan!--To most ignoble stooping.

1) What is meant by Absolute Milan? What in the extract shows that Antonio has become Absolute Milan.

2) What was the relationship between the king of Naples and Prospero? In what way was Prospero’s library large enough for him?

3) What is the most ignoble snooping? How did Antonio cause the ignoble snooping?4) Give the meaning of:

(a) of temporal royalties He thinks me now incapable;(b) Subject his coronet to his crown,

5) Narrate what harm the King of Naples has done to Milan.

PROSPEROWell demanded, wench:My tale provokes that question. Dear, they durst not,So dear the love my people bore me, nor setA mark so bloody on the business, butWith colours fairer painted their foul ends.In few, they hurried us aboard a bark,Bore us some leagues to sea; where they preparedA rotten carcass of a boat, not rigg'd,Nor tackle, sail, nor mast; the very ratsInstinctively had quit it: there they hoist us,

To cry to the sea that roar'd to us, to sighTo the winds whose pity, sighing back again,Did us but loving wrong.

1) To whom is Prospero speaking? What is well demanded?2) Why didn’t the enemies of Prospero get rid of him? Instead, what did they do?3) What is a rotten carcass of a butt? Why is it called so? Describe the condition of the butt.4) Give the meaning of:

(a) nor setA mark so bloody on the business;(b) whose pity sighing back again,Did us but loving wrong.

5) Describe how the sea and its surroundings reflected the anxiety of Prospero and Miranda.

MIRANDAHow came we ashore?PROSPEROBy Providence divine.Some food we had and some fresh water thatA noble Neapolitan, Gonzalo,Out of his charity, being then appointedMaster of this design, did give us, withRich garments, linens, stuffs and necessaries,Which since have steaded much; so, of his gentleness,Knowing I loved my books, he furnish'd meFrom mine own library with volumes thatI prize above my dukedom.

1) Where were Miranda and Prospero? How did they reach the shore? Who was Gonzalo? How can you say that Gonzalo was the man with concern for Prospero?

2) What did Gonzalo provide Prospero with for the journey?3) What was above Prospero’s dukedom, among the things provided by Gonzalo? How did Prospero

make use of the books from his library?4) State briefly the type of education provided to Miranda.5) Why did Prospero bring his enemies to the island?

ARIELTo every article.I boarded the king's ship; now on the beak,Now in the waist, the deck, in every cabin,I flamed amazement: sometime I'ld divide,And burn in many places; on the topmast,The yards and bowsprit, would I flame distinctly,Then meet and join. Jove's lightnings, the precursorsO' the dreadful thunder-claps, more momentaryAnd sight-outrunning were not; the fire and cracksOf sulphurous roaring the most mighty Neptune

Seem to besiege and make his bold waves tremble,Yea, his dread trident shake.

1) What did Ariel do as the spirit of the fire?2) How did Ariel show that he was alert and active in his operation?3) Who is Jove? How are Jove’s lightning and thunder-claps described by Ariel in the extract?4) Who is Neptune? What role did Neptune play in creating havoc on the sea?5) A little later, what does Ariel accuse Prospero of? How do you know that Prospero is fond of

Ariel and his services?

ARIELSafely in harbourIs the king's ship; in the deep nook, where onceThou call'dst me up at midnight to fetch dewFrom the still-vex'd Bermoothes, there she's hid:The mariners all under hatches stow'd;Who, with a charm join'd to their suffer'd labour,I have left asleep; and for the rest o' the fleetWhich I dispersed, they all have met againAnd are upon the Mediterranean flote,Bound sadly home for Naples,Supposing that they saw the king's ship wreck'dAnd his great person perish.PROSPEROAriel, thy chargeExactly is perform'd: but there's more work.What is the time o' the day?

1) Where is the king’s ship? Where is Bermoothes? Why is it vexed? Why did Ariel go there earlier?

2) Where are the mariners? Where us the rest of the fleet?3) What work will be assigned further to Ariel in the near future?4) What does Ariel demand from Prospero?5) What was Prospero’s reply to him?

PROSPEROThis blue-eyed hag was hither brought with childAnd here was left by the sailors. Thou, my slave,As thou report'st thyself, wast then her servant;And, for thou wast a spirit too delicateTo act her earthy and abhorr'd commands,Refusing her grand hests, she did confine thee,By help of her more potent ministersAnd in her most unmitigable rage,Into a cloven pine; within which riftImprison'd thou didst painfully remainA dozen years;

1) Who is the blue-eyed hag? From where did she come? What is said about her earlier history?2) What was the relationship between Ariel and the old hag? Why was she ennoyed with Ariel?

How did she punish him?3) How long did Ariel remain imprisoned by her? Why?4) Who liberated Ariel from his imprisonment? What conditions were put on Ariel after liberating

him?5) Compare the magic practiced by the old hag with the one practiced by Prospero.

CALIBANI must eat my dinner.This island's mine, by Sycorax my mother,Which thou takest from me. When thou camest first,Thou strokedst me and madest much of me, wouldst give meWater with berries in't, and teach me howTo name the bigger light, and how the less,That burn by day and night: and then I loved theeAnd show'd thee all the qualities o' the isle,The fresh springs, brine-pits, barren place and fertile:Cursed be I that did so! 

1) Where was Caliban before Prospero arrived on the island? Give any three characteristic traits of Caliban.

2) How has Caliban served Prospero? Describe how Caliban was treated by Prospero in the beginning.

3) What did Prospero teach him? State briefly the outcome of his teaching.4) What did Caliban show to Prospero? What was more useful for survival on the island-what

Prospero taught Caliban or what Caliban taught Prospero? Why?5) Which group of people did Caliban represent according to the Elizabethan audience? What was

popularly believed about such people whom Caliban represented?

PROSPEROAbhorred slave,Which any print of goodness wilt not take,Being capable of all ill! I pitied thee,Took pains to make thee speak, taught thee each hourOne thing or other: when thou didst not, savage,Know thine own meaning, but wouldst gabble likeA thing most brutish, I endow'd thy purposesWith words that made them known. But thy vile race,Though thou didst learn, had that in't whichgood naturesCould not abide to be with; therefore wast thouDeservedly confined into this rock,Who hadst deserved more than a prison.

1) What has Caliban said due to which Prospero is annoyed with him?2) Why did Prospero pity Caliban? What did the former do to improve the condition of the latter?3) What was the outcome of Prospero’s efforts to teach him?

4) Where was Caliban confined? Why?5) In what way was Caliban a man in a non-civilised condition?

CALIBANYou taught me language; and my profit on'tIs, I know how to curse. The red plague rid youFor learning me your language!PROSPEROHag-seed, hence!Fetch us in fuel; and be quick, thou'rt best,To answer other business. Shrug'st thou, malice?If thou neglect'st or dost unwillinglyWhat I command, I'll rack thee with old cramps,Fill all thy bones with aches, make thee roarThat beasts shall tremble at thy din.CALIBANNo, pray thee.

Aside

I must obey: his art is of such power,It would control my dam's god, Setebos,and make a vassal of him.

1) What was the outcome of teaching language to Caliban?2) What is meant by Hag-seed? What work does Prospero assign to Caliban? Do you approve of the

way Prospero treats him? Give a reason for your answer.3) What would be the punishment for Caliban, in case he disobeys Prospero?4) Who is Setebos? What does Caliban say about the power of Prospero at the end of the extract?5) Compare the character of Caliban with that of Ariel.

FERDINANDThe ditty does remember my drown'd father.This is no mortal business, nor no soundThat the earth owes. I hear it now above me.PROSPEROThe fringed curtains of thine eye advanceAnd say what thou seest yond.MIRANDAWhat is't? a spirit?Lord, how it looks about! Believe me, sir,It carries a brave form. But 'tis a spirit.PROSPERONo, wench; it eats and sleeps and hath such sensesAs we have, such. This gallant which thou seestWas in the wreck; and, but he's something stain'dWith grief that's beauty's canker, thou mightst call himA goodly person: he hath lost his fellowsAnd strays about to find 'em.

1) What is a ditty? Who actually produces the ditty? What does it state?2) What does Ferdinand say about the source o the ditty?3) What does Miranda see? What does she think of what she sees?4) Give the meaning of:

(a) This is no mortal business, nor no sound That the earth owes:(b) he’s something stainedWith grief, that’s beauty’s canker, thou mightst call him

5) What does Prospero say to correct what Miranda says?

MIRANDAI might call himA thing divine, for nothing naturalI ever saw so noble.PROSPERO[Aside] It goes on, I see,As my soul prompts it. Spirit, fine spirit! I'll free theeWithin two days for this.FERDINANDMost sure, the goddessOn whom these airs attend! Vouchsafe my prayerMay know if you remain upon this island;And that you will some good instruction giveHow I may bear me here: my prime request,Which I do last pronounce, is, O you wonder!If you be maid or no?

1) Where are Miranda and Prospero? Whom does Miranda wish to all “a thing divine”? Why does she want to call him so?

2) To whom is Prospero speaking in the extract? What is “it” that goes on as Prospero’s soul prompts it?

3) Who is the goddess referred to by Ferdinand? Why does he calls her a goddess?4) Give the meaning of:

May know if you remain upon this island;And that you will some good instruction giveHow I may bear me here: my prime request,Which I do last pronounce, is, O you wonder!If you be maid or no?

5) The phenomenon known as dramatic irony happens when the audience knows the reality but the character on the stage does not know it. Hence, there is humour in such situations. Explain the dramatic irony found in the extract.

FERDINAND

O, if a virgin,And your affection not gone forth, I'll make youThe queen of Naples.PROSPEROSoft, sir! one word more.

Aside

They are both in either's powers; but this swift businessI must uneasy make, lest too light winningMake the prize light.

To FERDINAND

One word more; I charge theeThat thou attend me: thou dost here usurpThe name thou owest not; and hast put thyselfUpon this island as a spy, to win itFrom me, the lord on't.FERDINANDNo, as I am a man.

1) Where are Ferdinand and Miranda? Who else is with them?2) Under what conditions would Ferfinand make Miranda the queen of Naples? Is he at present the

king of Naples? Why?3) Who are they (line 5) and how are they in either’s powers?4) What is this swift business? What does Prospero want to do with the swift business? Why?5) What does Prospero accuse Ferdinand of? What reply does Ferdinand give to his accusation?6) How can you conclude from his speech that he is a good father?

PROSPEROFollow me.Speak not you for him; he's a traitor. Come;I'll manacle thy neck and feet together:Sea-water shalt thou drink; thy food shall beThe fresh-brook muscles, wither'd roots and husksWherein the acorn cradled. Follow.FERDINANDNo;I will resist such entertainment tillMine enemy has more power.

Draws, and is charmed from moving

MIRANDAO dear father,Make not too rash a trial of him, forHe's gentle and not fearful.

1) To whom does Prospero forbid to speak in the second line of the extract? Why?2) What punishment is Prospero giving to Ferdinand?3) Give the meaning of:

(a) thy food shall be The fresh-brook mussels, withered roots, and husksWherein the acorn cradled.

(b) I will resist such entertainment till Mine enemy has more power.

4) How does Miranda react to the treatment given to Ferdinand? What does it show about her character?

5) Is Prospero really harsh to Ferdinand? Why?

FERDINANDSo they are;My spirits, as in a dream, are all bound up.My father's loss, the weakness which I feel,The wreck of all my friends, nor this man's threats,To whom I am subdued, are but light to me,Might I but through my prison once a dayBehold this maid: all corners else o' the earthLet liberty make use of; space enoughHave I in such a prison.

1) Where is Ferdinand? To whom is he speaking? What is he busy doing?2) What inconveniences and sufferings is Ferdinand prepared to undergo in order to have a glimpse

of Miranda? 3) Why does Prospero treat Ferdinand harshly? By giving such a treatment to him, what does

Prospero intend to show?4) What is dramatic irony? State how is dramatic irony shown in the extract above.5) How is the romantic plot of Ferdinand and Miranda connected to the main plot in The Tempest?

Act II Scene i

III Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

GONZALOBeseech you, sir, be merry; you have cause,So have we all, of joy; for our escapeIs much beyond our loss. Our hint of woeIs common; every day some sailor's wife,The masters of some merchant and the merchantHave just our theme of woe; but for the miracle,I mean our preservation, few in millionsCan speak like us: then wisely, good sir, weighOur sorrow with our comfort.ALONSO

Prithee, peace.SEBASTIANHe receives comfort like cold porridge.

1) To whom is Gonzalo speaking? Why is Gonzalo speaking to him?2) Gonzalo says that the person spoken to has cause to be merry. What cause does the person have

to be merry?3) Give the meaning of: Our hint of woe

Is common; every day some sailor’s wife,The masters of some merchant, and the merchant,Have just our theme of woe:

4) Why does Gonzalo say, “few in million can speak like us”?5) According to Sebastian how does the person spoken to accept Gonzalo’s words of comfort?

SEBASTIAN'Twas a sweet marriage, and we prosper well in our return.ADRIANTunis was never graced before with such a paragon totheir queen.GONZALONot since widow Dido's time.ANTONIOWidow! a pox o' that! How came that widow in?widow Dido!SEBASTIANWhat if he had said 'widower AEneas' too? Good Lord,how you take it!ADRIAN'Widow Dido' said you? you make me study of that:she was of Carthage, not of Tunis.GONZALOThis Tunis, sir, was Carthage.

1) Whose marriage is referred to in the extract? What is meant by, “prosper well”? State how well the marriage party prospered in their return.

2) What is said about the bride in the extract? 3) State who were widow Dido and widower AEneas.4) Why is Antonio annoyed at the name of widow Dido in the context?5) Explain the allusion in the context of widow Dido. Why is Dido called a widow?

ALONSOYou cram these words into mine ears againstThe stomach of my sense. Would I had neverMarried my daughter there! for, coming thence,My son is lost and, in my rate, she too,Who is so far from Italy removed

I ne'er again shall see her. O thou mine heirOf Naples and of Milan, what strange fishHath made his meal on thee?FRANCISCOSir, he may live:I saw him beat the surges under him,And ride upon their backs; he trod the water,

1) To whom is Alonso speaking? Give the meaning of:(a) You cram these words into mine ears against, The stomach of my sense.(b) I saw him beat the surges under him, And ride upon their back; he trod the water,

2) To whom is Alonso’s daughter married? Why does he now regret saying that he should not have married his daughter there?

3) What inconvenience was caused to Alonso for having married his daughter for away?4) How does Alonso’s son become the heir to the kingdoms of Naples and of Milan? Name two

negative characters and two positive characters in the scene.5) What explanation does Francisco give to show that Alonso’s son may be alive?

GONZALOI' the commonwealth I would by contrariesExecute all things; for no kind of trafficWould I admit; no name of magistrate;Letters should not be known; riches, poverty,And use of service, none; contract, succession,Bourn, bound of land, tilth, vineyard, none;No use of metal, corn, or wine, or oil;No occupation; all men idle, all;And women too, but innocent and pure;No sovereignty;--SEBASTIANYet he would be king on't.ANTONIOThe latter end of his commonwealth forgets thebeginning.

1) Briefly give the salient features of Gonzalo’s commonwealth.2) Why does Gonzalo present his idea of the commonwealth?3) Give evidence from the extract to show that Shakespeare had a fairly good knowledge of law.4) Give the meaning of:

(a) I would by contraries Execute all things;(b) All men idle, all and women too, but innocent and pure;

5) What do Sebastian and Antonio say about Gonzalo’s theory of the commonwealth?

SEBASTIANYet he would be king on't.ANTONIOThe latter end of his commonwealth forgets thebeginning.GONZALO

All things in common nature should produceWithout sweat or endeavour: treason, felony,Sword, pike, knife, gun, or need of any engine,Would I not have; but nature should bring forth,Of its own kind, all foison, all abundance,To feed my innocent people.SEBASTIANNo marrying 'mong his subjects?ANTONIONone, man; all idle: whores and knaves.GONZALOI would with such perfection govern, sir,To excel the golden age.

1) What has Gonzalo just said, that makes Sebastian say, “Yet he would be king on it”?2) What is the idea of the commonwealth on (a) equality among people (b) marriages

(c) weapons?3) Explain how Gonzalo’s commonwealth is a satire on communism and socialism.4) How far is the idea of the commonwealth relevant in the modern world? Give two examples to

support your opinion.5) Give a brief character sketch of Gonzalo.

SEBASTIANWhat a strange drowsiness possesses them!ANTONIOIt is the quality o' the climate.SEBASTIANWhyDoth it not then our eyelids sink? I find notMyself disposed to sleep.ANTONIONor I; my spirits are nimble.They fell together all, as by consent;They dropp'd, as by a thunder-stroke. What might,Worthy Sebastian? O, what might?--No more:--And yet me thinks I see it in thy face,What thou shouldst be: the occasion speaks thee, andMy strong imagination sees a crownDropping upon thy head.

1) Why has such a strange drowsiness possessed them? Who are referred to as ‘them’?2) Who is Antonio? What did he do to bring about the present condition of Prospero?3) Give the meaning of:

(a) What a strange drowsiness possesses them!(b) I see it in thy face, what thou should be: the occasion speaks thee,

4) What does Antonio convince Sebastian to do? In this context, what does Antonio himself intend to do?

5) How does Antonio prepare Sebastian for his plot against Alonso?

ANTONIOO,If you but knew how you the purpose cherishWhiles thus you mock it! how, in stripping it,You more invest it! Ebbing men, indeed,Most often do so near the bottom runBy their own fear or sloth.SEBASTIANPrithee, say on:The setting of thine eye and cheek proclaimA matter from thee, and a birth indeedWhich throes thee much to yield.ANTONIOThus, sir:Although this lord of weak remembrance, this,Who shall be of as little memoryWhen he is earth'd, hath here almost persuade,--For he's a spirit of persuasion, onlyProfesses to persuade,--the king his son's alive,

1) What does Antonio want to advice Sebastian? Who is the lord of weak remembrance? What does Antonio say about him?

2) What does Antonio wonder about the possible attitude of Sebastian?3) Give the meaning of:

(a) How, in stripping it, You more invest it!(b) For he’s a spirit of persuasion, only professes to persuade, - the king his son’s alive,

4) Who are known as “ebbing men”? What harm does fear or sloth do to an ambitious man?5) How is Gonzalo a possible obstruction in Antonio’s plot to get rid of Alonso?6) How does Antonio show himself as a crafty tempter?

ANTONIOShe that is queen of Tunis; she that dwellsTen leagues beyond man's life; she that from NaplesCan have no note, unless the sun were post--The man i' the moon's too slow--till new-born chinsBe rough and razorable; she that--from whom?We all were sea-swallow'd, though some cast again,And by that destiny to perform an actWhereof what's past is prologue, what to comeIn yours and my discharge.

1) What plan is being talked about between Antonio and Sebastain? If their plan is carried out how will Antonio and Sebastian benefit?

2) How did Claribel become the queen of Tunis?3) How does Antonio explain that Naples is far away from Milan?4) Give the meaning of:

(a) Unless the sun were post- The man i'-the-moon’s too slow-(b) till new-born chins Be rough and razprable;

5) Towards the end of the extract what does Antonio request Sebastian to do? Why?

ANTONIOA space whose every cubitSeems to cry out, 'How shall that ClaribelMeasure us back to Naples? Keep in Tunis,And let Sebastian wake.' Say, this were deathThat now hath seized them; why, they were no worseThan now they are. There be that can rule NaplesAs well as he that sleeps; lords that can prateAs amply and unnecessarilyAs this Gonzalo; I myself could makeA chough of as deep chat. O, that you boreThe mind that I do! what a sleep were thisFor your advancement! Do you understand me?

1) Which space is referred to in the extract? What is said that even if they used the sun and the moon, the distance cannot he covered easily?

2) As far as the heir to the kingdom of Naples is concerned what inconvenience would be faced by Claribel in future?

3) Give the meaning of:(a) And let Sebastian wake!(b) What a sleep were this for your advancement!

4) What has to be done? By whom? What becomes of the past as far as the present action is concerned?

5) Give any two arguments put forward in the scene by Antonio to convince Sebastian to join the conspiracy against Alonso.

SEBASTIANBut, for your conscience?ANTONIOAy, sir; where lies that? if 'twere a kibe,'Twould put me to my slipper: but I feel notThis deity in my bosom: twenty consciences,That stand 'twixt me and Milan, candied be theyAnd melt ere they molest! Here lies your brother,No better than the earth he lies upon,If he were that which now he's like, that's dead;Whom I, with this obedient steel, three inches of it,Can lay to bed for ever; whiles you, doing thus,To the perpetual wink for aye might putThis ancient morsel, this Sir Prudence, whoShould not upbraid our course. 

1) What does Antonio say about the conscience preventing Sebastian from carrying out of the resolve?

2) What is their plan of getting rid of Alonso and Gonzalo?3) According to Antonio how easily their plan can be carried out? Who would murder Alonso and

who would get rid of Sir Prudence?

4) What is said about Gonzalo in the extract? Why he should be murdered?5) As per Antonio’s plan, what would happen to the other courtiers? Why?

ALONSOHeard you this, Gonzalo?GONZALOUpon mine honour, sir, I heard a humming,And that a strange one too, which did awake me:I shaked you, sir, and cried: as mine eyes open'd,I saw their weapons drawn: there was a noise,That's verily. 'Tis best we stand upon our guard,Or that we quit this place; let's draw our weapons.

1) What sound did Gonzalo hear? Who produced the sound? Why?2) What did Sebastian and Antonio say about the noise? Why?3) Why in reality were the weapons drawn? Why were they not used for the purpose for which they

were drawn?4) Describe the role played by Ariel in the episode.5) What do Gonzalo and Alonso suggest to do at the end of the scene?

Act II Scene ii

IV Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

CALIBANAll the infections that the sun sucks upFrom bogs, fens, flats, on Prosper fall and make himBy inch-meal a disease! His spirits hear meAnd yet I needs must curse. But they'll nor pinch,Fright me with urchin--shows, pitch me i' the mire,Nor lead me, like a firebrand, in the darkOut of my way, unless he bid 'em; butFor every trifle are they set upon me;Sometime like apes that mow and chatter at meAnd after bite me, then like hedgehogs whichLie tumbling in my barefoot way and mountTheir pricks at my footfall; sometime am IAll wound with adders who with cloven tonguesDo hiss me into madness.

1) What curses does Caliban shower upon Prospero?2) Prospero had taught Caliban language and good things in life; but the latter uses foul language

and curses. What does the phenomenon show about taming the wild nature?3) How do the spirits trouble Caliban like apes and hedge-hogs?4) Where is Caliban? What work is he doing for Prospero? What harm is done to Caliban by adders?

5) What harm has Prospero done to Caliban due to which he is annoyed with the former?

What have wehere? a man or a fish? dead or alive? A fish:he smells like a fish; a very ancient and fish-like smell; a kind of not of the newest Poor-John. A strange fish! Were I in England now,as once I was, and had but this fish painted,not a holiday fool there but would give a pieceof silver: there would this monster make aman; any strange beast there makes a man:when they will not give a doit to relieve a lamebeggar, they will lazy out ten to see a deadIndian. 

1) Who is Trinculo? What is he looking for? Why?2) What does Trinculo see? What doubts does he have about it?3) What is referred to as Poor John? What would Trinculo do if he were now in England?4) Give the meaning of:

Any strange beast there makes a man: when they will not give a do it to relieve a lame beggar, they will lazy out ten to see a dead Indian.

5) Why do the people in England develop interests in strange beasts?

CALIBANThe spirit torments me; Oh!STEPHANOThis is some monster of the isle with four legs, whohath got, as I take it, an ague. Where the devilshould he learn our language? I will give him somerelief, if it be but for that. if I can recover himand keep him tame and get to Naples with him, he's apresent for any emperor that ever trod on neat's leather.

1) Where is Caliban? Which spirit torments him?2) Who is the monster with four legs? How come that he has four legs?3) What does Stephano say about him?4) According to Stpehano how will the monster be useful in Naples?5) Describe two amusing incidents in the scene and explain how they provide amusement.

STEPHANOFour legs and two voices: a most delicate monster!His forward voice now is to speak well of hisfriend; his backward voice is to utter foul speechesand to detract. If all the wine in my bottle willrecover him, I will help his ague. Come. Amen! Iwill pour some in thy other mouth.TRINCULOStephano!

STEPHANODoth thy other mouth call me? Mercy, mercy! This isa devil, and no monster: I will leave him; I have nolong spoon.

1) Explain clearly how the monster has four legs and two voices.2) Why does the forward voice of the monster speak well of his friend and the backward voice use

foul speeches?3) Explain how Trinculo recognizes Stephano. At this juncture, what does Stephano think of the

monster?4) Give the meaning and significance of:

(a) If all the wine in my bottle will recover him, I will help his ague.(b) I have no long spoon.

5) State how Trinculo and Stephano provide humour in the scene.

TRINCULOO Stephano. hast any more of this?STEPHANOThe whole butt, man: my cellar is in a rock by thesea-side where my wine is hid. How now, moon-calf!how does thine ague?CALIBANHast thou not dropp'd from heaven?STEPHANOOut o' the moon, I do assure thee: I was the man i'the moon when time was.CALIBANI have seen thee in her and I do adore thee:My mistress show'd me thee and thy dog and thy bush.STEPHANOCome, swear to that; kiss the book: I will furnishit anon with new contents swear.

1) What does Trinculo ask for more from Stephano? Where does Stephano keep it? What is meant by moon-calf?

2) What does Caliban wonder about Stephano? Why? What is meant by, “man in the moon”?3) Whom does Caliban call as his mistress? What did she tell him?4) What is referred to as book, in an oath in general? By what does Stephano tell Caliban to swear?

What is the humour involved here?5) What services of his does Caliban offer to his companion at the end of the scene?6) Describe two farcical situations in the scene which provide humour. Explain how they provide

humour.

Act III Scene i

V Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

This my mean taskWould be as heavy to me as odious, butThe mistress which I serve quickens what's deadAnd makes my labours pleasures: O, she isTen times more gentle than her father's crabbed,And he's composed of harshness. I must removeSome thousands of these logs and pile them up,Upon a sore injunction: my sweet mistressWeeps when she sees me work, and says, such basenessHad never like executor. I forget:But these sweet thoughts do even refresh my labours,Most busy lest, when I do it.

1) What is meant by ‘mean task’? Why was it heavy and odious? Why was such a task given to him?

2) What is the attitude of his mistress to the work? How does she react when he sees him working?3) With whom is she compared? What is the outcome of the comparison?4) Prospero wants to join two enemy families through this romantic plot. What theme is highlighted

through the love story?5) Briefly state the character of Ferdinand in this scene.

MIRANDAI do not knowOne of my sex; no woman's face remember,Save, from my glass, mine own; nor have I seenMore that I may call men than you, good friend,And my dear father: how features are abroad,I am skilless of; but, by my modesty,The jewel in my dower, I would not wishAny companion in the world but you,Nor can imagination form a shape,Besides yourself, to like of. But I prattleSomething too wildly and my father's preceptsI therein do forget.

1) Why couldn’t Miranda see the faces of many people in her life?2) How has Ferdinand declared his love to Miranda and how does she respond to it?3) What opinion do you form of Miranda from her speech?4) Who is the architect of this romantic story? Why is the story introduced in the play?5) Why do most of the actions in the play take place on an isolated island?

FERDINANDWherefore weep you?MIRANDA

At mine unworthiness that dare not offerWhat I desire to give, and much less takeWhat I shall die to want. But this is trifling;And all the more it seeks to hide itself,The bigger bulk it shows. Hence, bashful cunning!And prompt me, plain and holy innocence!I am your wife, if you will marry me;If not, I'll die your maid: to be your fellowYou may deny me; but I'll be your servant,Whether you will or no.

1) Why does Miranda weep?2) Give the meaning of:

(a) But this is trifling; and all the more it seeks to hide itself, The bigger bulk is shows.(b) Marry me; If not, I’ll die your maid:

3) How determined is Miranda in her love for Ferdinand? Give evidence to support your answer.4) How do Ferdinand and Miranda profess their love for each other?5) Where was Prospero during the profession of love? What did he say expressing his feelings at the

end of the scene?

Act III Scene ii

VI Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

TRINCULOServant-monster! the folly of this island! Theysay there's but five upon this isle: we are threeof them; if th' other two be brained like us, thestate totters.

STEPHANODrink, servant-monster, when I bid thee: thy eyesare almost set in thy head.TRINCULOWhere should they be set else? he were a bravemonster indeed, if they were set in his tail.STEPHANOMy man-monster hath drown'd his tongue in sack:for my part, the sea cannot drown me; I swam, ere Icould recover the shore, five and thirty leagues offand on. By this light, thou shalt be my lieutenant,monster, or my standard.

1) Who are the “three of them” and the rest two? If two of the rest are like the others, What would happen to the state?

2) Who is the servant-monster? What is meant by “his eyes set in his head”? Why do you think that his eyes are set in his head?

3) Bring out the humour present in the response of Trinculo in the extract.4) What does Trinculo say about Caliban being Stephano’s lieutenant or standard bearer?5) How is Caliban’s plot to murder Prospero parallel to the plot hatched by Antonio and Sebastian?

CALIBANI say, by sorcery he got this isle;From me he got it. if thy greatness willRevenge it on him,--for I know thou darest,But this thing dare not,--STEPHANOThat's most certain.CALIBANThou shalt be lord of it and I'll serve thee.STEPHANOHow now shall this be compassed?Canst thou bring me to the party?CALIBANYea, yea, my lord: I'll yield him thee asleep,Where thou mayst knock a nail into his head.

1) What is meant by sorcery? Who got the island by sorcery? How did he get the island from Caliban?

2) Who should now be the legal owner of the island, according to Caliban? What does Caliban request Stephano to do? Why can’t Trinculo do the work for Caliban?

3) Explain the symbolism in Prospero taking over Caliban’s island with reference to the practice of colonization.

4) What is Caliban’s plan to take revenge on Prospero?

RememberFirst to possess his books; for without themHe's but a sot, as I am, nor hath notOne spirit to command: they all do hate himAs rootedly as I. Burn but his books.He has brave utensils,--for so he calls them--Which when he has a house, he'll deck withalAnd that most deeply to consider isThe beauty of his daughter; he himselfCalls her a nonpareil: I never saw a woman,But only Sycorax my dam and she;But she as far surpasseth SycoraxAs great'st does least.

1) What is Stephano requested to do after taking Prospero’s books?

2) Why are his books so important to Prospero? Besides the books, what two other things are important to him to carry out his projects?

3) Give the meaning of: (a) he himself calls her a nonpareil:(b) But she as far surpasseth Sycorax As great’st does least.

4) What would Prospero do with his brave utensils?5) What is the attitude of Ariel to Prospero? Enumerate two works done by Ariel as per Prospero’s

commands.

STEPHANONo, monster, not I.CALIBANBe not afeard; the isle is full of noises,Sounds and sweet airs, that give delight and hurt not.Sometimes a thousand twangling instrumentsWill hum about mine ears, and sometime voicesThat, if I then had waked after long sleep,Will make me sleep again: and then, in dreaming,The clouds methought would open and show richesReady to drop upon me that, when I waked,I cried to dream again.

1) What has just happened due to which Caliban tells Stephano not to be afraid? What is the attitude of Trinculo and Stephano to what they hear?

2) What does Caliban say about the sounds on the island?3) What is meant by the twangling instruments? Describe the effect of the sound instruments on

Caliban.4) Against the background of the extract, explain why the island is known to be enchanted. 5) What does Stephano say about the music on the island? Where is the sound leading them? What

do these three conspirators plan to do?