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Karyotype- A picture of chromosomes arranged in this way is known
Biologist use a Karyotype to find defects in the chromosome number
Sex Chromosomes- c’somes that determine the sex (gender) of an organism
Humans females have:have two copies of an X chromosome (XX)
Human males have: Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome (XY)
Life cannot exist w/o the X c’some Life can exist w/o the Y c’some
Autosomes- Any chromosomes that does not determine sex
Humans have 22 pairs or 44 autosomes and 1pair or 2 sex c’somes
A human male is 46, XY A human female is 46, XX There is a 50:50 chance of a
person being male of female
Pedigree-a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance or phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors from one generation to the next
Genes & the Environment- many human traits are controlled by many genes or polygenic HeightBody shapeSkin color, etc
All humans and many other primates can be typed for the ABO blood group
There are four phenotypes: A, B, AB, and O There are two antigens and two antibodies
that are mostly responsible for the ABO types
There are two types of inherited disorders in humans; recessive & dominant
Recessive DisordersMost human disorders are recessiveCystic Fibrosis is common in the U.S. Excessive mucus secretion clogs the lungsFew black people have the disease (1/17,000)
More white people have the disease (1/1,800)