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Twenty20 Cricket
Twetwenty
Table of Contents iii
Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... v
Chapter One: Cricket Basics ........................................................................................................... 7
Extras .............................................................................................................................................. 9
“No Ball” .................................................................................................................................... 9
“Wide” ...................................................................................................................................... 10
“Byes” ....................................................................................................................................... 11
“Leg Byes” ................................................................................................................................ 11
Chapter Two: Format .................................................................................................................... 12
Test Cricket ............................................................................................................................... 12
One Day Cricket ....................................................................................................................... 12
Twenty20 Cricket...................................................................................................................... 12
Chapter three Equipment .............................................................................................................. 15
The bat: ..................................................................................................................................... 15
The ball: .................................................................................................................................... 15
Batting Pads and Wicket Keeper’s Pads: .................................................................................. 16
The Wickets: ............................................................................................................................. 16
Clothing: ................................................................................................................................... 16
Chapter four: Technique ............................................................................................................... 19
Batting ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Bowling ..................................................................................................................................... 19
Fielding ..................................................................................................................................... 19
Chapter Five: Winning .................................................................................................................. 21
FAQ............................................................................................................................................... 23
Introduction v
Introduction Cricket is a sport originating from England in the 16th century. Cricket is a complex sport,
although it is appropriate for individuals of all ages and skill levels. Different versions of Cricket
have been created over the course of centuries: Test Cricket, One day Cricket, and Twenty20
Cricket. The most recent and condensed version of Cricket is Twenty20 Cricket, also known as
T20. This manual provides simplified rules and guidelines for all aspects of T20, from the format
of the game to the appropriate attire. This manual also provides the necessary warnings in order
to ensure the game is played properly and safely as possible.
Chapter One: Cricket Basics Over
When a bowler bowls or throws the ball six times, this is called and over.
When 6 balls have been bowled, the fielding side changes ends while the batting team
remains the same.
- Since the batting team has not changed ends, the striker in now the non-striker and
vise versa
A bowler cannot bowl two consecutive overs
- Umpires also switch positions at the end of every over
Runs
When the striker of the hitting team hits the ball, he can attempt to score runs by having both the
striker and non-striker running to opposite creases as much as they can. When both the striker
and non-striker have reached opposite ends, without being run out by the other team, they have
scored a run. The more times the striker and non-striker run between creases without getting
caught, the more runs they can score.
“Run outs”
If while the striker and non-striker are running to opposite sides to score a run and a
fielder gathers the ball and he hits a wicket with it and the striker and non-striker are not
behind the crease, or “safe”, they have been run out
-To be “safe,” the striker and non-striker must be touching the ground behind the
crease or their bat must be.
The striker and non-striker must be running with their bats in hand while trying to score
runs
- Their outstretched bat must be touching the ground beyond the crease when
they are turning to score another run.
- If the striker and non-striker do not feel safe to turn and try to score another
run, they do not have to keep running.
If a striker hits the ball and the ball reaches the boundary, he automatically scores 4 runs.
If the striker hits the ball beyond the boundary, he has automatically scored 6 runs.
- If a fielder gathers the ball but he touches the boundary in the process, 4 runs
are automatically given to the other team.
- If the fielder catches the ball while it is in the air but touches or crosses the
boundary in the process, the other team is automatically given 6 runs.
- Under these circumstances, the striker and non-striker cannot be run out
“Overthrows”
8 Twenty20 Cricket
If no fielder is able to gather the ball after the striker has hit it, and the ball makes its way
to the boundary, 4 runs are automatically given to the other team aside from the runs they
scored while the ball was being thrown in the outfield.
If the striker and non-striker do not touch the ground over the crease before they turn to
make another run, the umpire will signal “one short” and the number of runs scored will
be reduced by one
Ways Of Getting Out
For reference, a wicket is considered to be broken if one or both of the bails have been knocked
out of position and fall to the ground.
“Caught”
If the fielder catches the ball “on the full” after the striker has hit it. Again, if the fielder
catches the ball but touches the boundary in the process, the striker is automatically given
six runs and can’t be run out.
“Bowled”
If the striker misses the ball and his bat hits and breaks the wicket solely from the bowler
throwing him the ball.
- If the wicket is broken, the striker is out whether or not he is behind the
crease.
- If the striker hits the ball or the ball ricochets off his body and breaks the
wicket, he is out.
- If the wicket is not broken, the striker is not out
“Leg Before Wicket”
If the striker misses the ball with his bat but interferes it with a part of his body when it
would have hit the wicket, he is out.
“Stumped”
If the striker misses the ball while he is attempting to hit it and steps out of the crease, he
is stumped out if the wicket-keeper gathers the ball and touches the wicket with it before
the striker can touch the ground before the crease with a part of his body or his bat.
“Run out”
Please refer to “Runs” section for a brief reminder of how run outs work
“Hit Wicket”
If the striker breaks or touches the wicket with his bat or any part of his equipment while
attempting to hit the ball or taking off for the first run,
“Handle the Ball”
If the striker deliberately touches the ball with a hand while not having a bat in his hand
without the permission of the fielding side.
“Obstructing the Field”
If the striker hits the ball with his bat and deliberately tries to hit the ball again for any
reason other than to defend his wicket from being broken by the ball.
“Timed Out”
If a new striker takes longer than 2 minutes to appear on the field.
Umpires
Two umpires supervise the game. They make all decisions on the field and they have the final
word.
One umpire stands behind the non-striker’s wicket and the other stands in line with the
striker’s popping crease.
Sometimes there is a third umpire who sits off field with a television replay monitor in
case the on field umpires have any doubts
Arguing with the umpires is not tolerated and anything other than a polite question can
result in unfavorable consequences
Extras Extras are runs scored by any mean other than the striker hitting the ball. These extras do not go
into the striker’s final statistics and are recorded separately. There are 4 types of extras:
“No Ball” If the bowler oversteps his popping crease, he has bowled a no ball
- If any part of the bowler’s back foot is not within the area between the return creases,
this is considered a no ball as well.
10 Twenty20 Cricket
- In this case the batting team is given a “free hit”. The free hit means that the bowling
team has to bowl a ball to the batsman on the striker’s end and the only possible way the
batsman can get out is by a run out. During a free hit not more than 2 fielders are allowed
outside the 30-yard circle around the pitch and also the ball is counted as an extra.
The striker can still run the play as usual and score runs but if gets scores no runs from
this bowl, one run is automatically added to the batting team’s score
“Wide” If the bowler bowls the ball in such a way that it is impossible for the striker to hit the
ball, this is called a wide
- The batting team is automatically given a run
“Byes” If the striker misses the ball but the wicket keeper fails to gather the ball quickly, the
striker and the non-striker can make runs. These runs are called byes.
“Leg Byes” If a striker is attempting to hit the ball, but the ball hits any part of his body, the striker
can attempt to run. These are called leg byes. If the striker does not attempt to run, no leg
byes are taken
12 Twenty20 Cricket
Chapter Two: Format There are three types of Cricket: Test Cricket, One Day Cricket, and Twenty20 Cricket. Test
Cricket is the standard for both One Day Cricket and Twenty20 Cricket. Cricket originated in
England in the 16th century
Test Cricket Test Cricket is the original form of cricket and can last about 5 days. Test Cricket is the highest
form of the game Cricket. In order for teams to play they must have “Test Status” which means
they have been approved by the ICC – International Cricket Council. Test Cricket consists of
four innings, where each team bats twice.
One Day Cricket One Day Cricket is a shortened version of Test Cricket also referred to as Limited Overs
International. In order for a team to play One Day Cricket, they must have “International
Status”. This version of cricket is limited to 50 overs.
Twenty20 Cricket Twenty20 Cricket is simply a condensed version of One Day Cricket. The rules and design are
very similar, the difference being that the game is comprised of two innings. Teams are
comprised of 11 players each that play on an oval field with 2 stumps called wickets. This is the
shortest version of Cricket and is only 20 overs. Each team is allowed 10 wickets to give, if they
give up all wickets before the all their batsmen bat, the game is over and they lose.
Object of the Game: The object of Cricket is to gain as many runs as possible while giving up
the least amount of wickets.
Cricket Playing Field: The Cricket playing field is an oval shape that consists of the pitch, the
boundary, 2 wickets, and two crease lines. The boundary is the line that goes around the entire
oval. The pitch is the rectangle portion of the field in the center of the oval where most of the
game is played. One wicket is placed on each side of the pitch with a crease line drawn in front
of it.
How to Play:
1. Coin Toss – The captain of each team meets the umpire in the middle of the field to decide
who will bowl and bat first. 2. First Over – Team A sends a pair of batsmen and Team B sends a bowler to pitch for the
first over. The bowler will bowl the ball to the first batsman 6 times to complete one over. The
bowler and the second batsman take their place at one wicket on one side of the pitch, while the
first batsman and the wicket keeper, selected from Team B, take their place at the other wicket
on the opposite side of the pitch. Team B will also have the other 9 players spread throughout
the surrounding field.
a. The bowler pitches the ball to the first batsman. The batsman will attempt to hit the
ball far enough to give him a chance to score as many runs as possible by switching positions
with the second batsman as many times as they can before one of the fielders throw the ball back
to either wicket. In order for the batsman to remain in the game, their bat must cross the crease
before the ball hits the corresponding wicket. b. If the batsman does not reach his bat across the crease in time, he is called out by the
Umpire and must sit out for the rest of the inning. Then another batsman is called to bat and
Team A loses one wicket. 3. First Inning – One inning is comprised of 20 overs. After the first inning, runs and wickets
given for Team A are totaled and scored, and then Team A switch sides and become the fielders
while Team B will switch sides and then become the batters. Team A will set up the same way
as Team B did in the first inning. 4. Second Inning – After the switch, the batsman from Team B get a chance to score more
runs than Team A. They get 20 overs to score more runs, while trying not to give up any wickets
or less wickets than Team A.
5. Scoring – To score, the batsmen must switch positions as many times as they can. The first
and second batsman will continue to run back and forth, switching positions on the field until the
ball hits the wicket.
Boundary
Bowler
Second Batsman
Wicket
Pitch
First Batsman
Crease
Wicket
Wicket Keeper
B
B
A
A
14 Twenty20 Cricket
a. If the batsman hits the ball and it goes out of the boundary without touching the
ground, the batsman is automatically awarded 6 runs.
b. If the batsman hits the ball and it touches the ground at any point before going out of
the boundary, then the batsman is then awarded 4 runs.
c. However, if the ball does not go outside the boundary, then the number of runs is
determined by the number of times the batsmen are able to switch positions.
6. Winning – After both innings are complete, all the runs are totaled and the team with the
most runs is declared the winner.
Chapter Three 15
Chapter three Equipment The necessary equipment required to play a safe and fun cricket game are as
follows:
1. The bat
2. The ball
3. Batting Pads and Wicket keeper’s Pads
4. The wickets
5. Clothing
The bat: A bat used by a batsman to hit the cricket ball when it is delivered to him by the
bowler. There are many different size and types of bats available and every
batsman chooses a bat according to their comfort. For instance, famous Australian
Cricket player Andrew Symonds who is about 6ft 2in is popular for using the
Mongoose bat which is very small compared to the player’s height. A bat is made
out of willow wood. The T20 format of cricket has specialized bats which have
more wood in the middle allowing the player to be more aggressive when hitting
the shots. The overall length of a bat with the lower portion of the handle cannot
exceed 38in and the width cannot exceed 4.25in.
The ball: The bowler bowls the ball to
the batsmen. In a usual T20
match the ball is changed
only if it is tempered by the
weather conditions, the
pitch, the crease or the
batsmen. The ball consists
of cork covered by leather
and is made out of wood.
Cricket balls can weigh from
155.9 grams to 163.0 grams.
The circumference of cricket
balls has to be between
22.4cm and 22.9 cm.
http://www.crickete
rshop.com/product_
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://u
pload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/
16 Twenty20 Cricket
Batting Pads and Wicket Keeper’s Pads: The batting pads and the wicket keeper’s pads are
basically used by the batsmen and the wicket keeper
in order to avoid an injury by the hard wooden ball.
They are very important to play the game safely. The
batting pads are designed in a manner such that they
are light weight so they help the batsmen run
between the wickets easily.
The Wickets: The wickets are placed on opposite sides of the pitch and are placed parallel. The
wickets in every cricket match are made up of 3 wooden stumps and 2 bails on the
top. The height and the width of the stumps and the bails and the distance between
the wickets are approved by the ICC (International Cricket Council) and cannot
be altered in any cricket match played on an international, national or a state level.
Clothing: When playing cricket it is important to wear correct and protective gear. When
cricket began it was common for the players to wear an all-white outfit but that
has changed over the years. Now like in all sports, each team has its own
representative colors. The uniform still remains though, a collared polo or long
sleeve shirt with a collar and long trousers.
http://www.solarna
vigator.net/sport/sp
Chapter Three 17
A helmet is also worn by the batsmen and most of the time by fielders near the striker to protect
their heads from a fast or off direction bowled ball.
And of course the shoes are an important piece of the players outfit. They use spiked shoes to
increase traction when running.
Chapter Four 19
Chapter four: Technique Batting Batting in a T20 game is very different from batting in a one-day international or a Test match.
In a T20 game the batsman has to be aggressive because the team has only 20 overs to make as
many runs as possible. The batting line up of a team usually has the most aggressive batsmen in
for the 3rd and the 4th spots. The opening batsmen (The first striker and non-striker of the batting
team) are aggressive also but they focus more on creating a pressure on the bowling team by
staying on the field for a long amount of time (ideally, the first 6-7 overs of the inning). Also,
while batting in a T20 match the batsmen have to try to hit as many boundaries (4’s or 6’s) as
possible. The record for the most boundaries is held by Chris Gayle from West Indies with a total
of 411 6’s in his T20 career and Brad Hodge from Australia with a total of 588 4’s in his T20
career (*Boundaries). Following are some batting records in the history of International T20
cricket:
1. Fastest 50- Yuvraj Singh from India in 12 balls (*Batting)
2. Fastest 100- Richard Levi from South Africa in 45 balls (*Batting)
3. Most runs of an over- Yuvraj Singh hit 36 runs (all 6’s) off an over against a match with
England on 19th September 2007 (*Batting)
Bowling Unlike bowling in a one-day international, the bowler has to be very careful of what strategy he
is using while bowling in a T20 game. In a T20 game every bowler can bowl a maximum of 4
overs. While bowling, the bowler has to alert as to not give any extras to the batting team.
Following are some bowling records in the history of International T20 cricket:
1. Most Wickets taken- Saeed Ajmal from Pakistan with 76 wickets in his career.
(*Bowling)
2. Best Economy rate- Brendon Taylor with an economy rate of 3.4 (*Bowling)
3. First T20 Hat-trick- Bret Lee from Australia against Bangladesh on 16th September
2007 (*Bowling)
Fielding Fielding is a very important factor in a T20 game and also it has a few rules that the fielding
team has to understand in order to avoid facing penalties. Following rules imply for every
fielding team in a cricket match:
1. The fielding team cannot have more than 2 fielders outside the 30-yard circle around the
pitch for the first six overs. This is also called as the power play.
2. The fielding team cannot take more than 75 minutes to bowl the 20th over. In a case
where the fielding team takes more than 75 minutes to bowl the 20th over, every over
bowled after the 75th minute would give the batting team 6 extra runs. There are no
scenarios of this happening in the history of T20.
3. After the power play the fielding team is allowed to have only a maximum of 5 players
outside the 30-yard circle around the pitch.
Chapter Five: Winning As explained in the “format” section, after both of the innings end the total runs of both the
teams are calculated and the team with the most runs wins. There have been scenarios in the
history of T20 cricket that there is a tie. In such a case a tie-breaker becomes the deciding factor.
Initially the tie-breaker used to be a “bowl out” in which every team selected 5 bowlers and those
bowlers used to bowl an over (one ball per bowler or a maximum of 2 balls for 1 of the bowlers)
with no one on the striker’s end. The goal of the bowler was to hit the stumps as many times as
possible in that one over and the team with the maximum number of hits on the stumps used to
win.
ICC changed the format of the tie breaker to a “super-over” in December 2008. The super-over is
basically a cricket match between 2 teams consisting one bowler and only 2 wickets to lose for
each team. The team that bat second in the T20 match bats first during the super over and the
other team selects a bowler to bowl one over. After the end of one over the teams switch sides
and follow the same procedure. The goal of the super over is the same the same as the goal of a
usual cricket match. And the fielding restrictions remain the same for the teams (only 5 fielders
allowed outside the 30-yard circle around the pitch).
FAQ 23
FAQ 1. Why are there different types of cricket?
There are different types of cricket because originally there was only test cricket which is
five days long but with time cricket became more popular all over the world and so to
keep the game interesting and entertaining the makers of the game created three different
versions.
2. What if there is a tie after the super over?
If there is a tie after the super over the sixes of both of the teams are counted and the one
with the most sixes wins.
If there is a scenario in which both of the teams have the same number of sixes, the
number of fours hit by both of the teams are counted and the one with the most fours
wins.
3. What if the batsman loses grip of the bat after hitting the ball? Is he still supposed to run?
The batsman is still supposed to keep running.
4. What if the batsman disagrees with the umpire’s decision?
Usually the batsman has no say in the umpire’s decision but during a cricket match in a
T20 world cup the batting team can ask the third umpire if they don’t agree with the
umpire’s decision. But the batting team can do this only twice in their whole inning.
5. What if there is an overthrow and the ball goes over the boundary?
In such a case the batting team will get the four runs and the runs that they scored by
running between the wickets during that overthrow.
6. What is the maximum number of runs that can be scored in an over?
The maximum number of runs that can be scored in an over is 36 provided that there are
no extras in the over. In a case where extras are being bowled in an over a batsman can
score any number of runs.
Glossary 25
Glossary