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Overcurrent Protection for the
IEEE 34 Node Radial Test FeederHamed B. Funmilayo, James A. Silva and
Dr. Karen L. Butler-PurryTexas A&M University
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
1
Po
werSystemAu
tomationLab
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Introduction
Major use of the benchmark radial test
feeders -- provide load-flow data for validating
load-flow results from existing/novel load-
flow algorithms
Extend Current IEEE 34 node test feeder
Provide overcurrent protection, considering off-
the-shelf protective devices
Make available for studies under new scenarios
(such as DG impact)
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Work Reported in This Paper
Model of Test feeder in DIgSILENT
PowerFactory 13.1 and conduct LF and
SC studies
Coordination studies for temporary and
permanent faults for various fault
situations
Select OCP devices for the test feeder
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Over Current Protective Devices
Modeled in DIgSILENT
1 recloser, 12 fuses
Fuse saving for fuses 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11
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Maximum and Minimum Fault Currents
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Comparison of Maximum FaultCurrent to IEEE TF Results
Faulted IEEE* DIgSILENT DIgSILENT
Node (A) (A) % Error
800 718.60 678.60 5.57
808 526.50 510.20 3.10
816 335.40 329.94 1.63
824 313.00 310.50 0.80
854 272.90 276.40 1.28
832 223.10 217.70 2.42
858 217.70 213.30 2.02
834 211.30 208.40 1.37
836 206.90 204.40 1.21840 206.10 203.61 1.21
890 406.50 440.10 8.27
Comparison of Minimum FaultCurrent to IEEE TF Results
Faulted IEEE* DIgSILENT DIgSILENT
Node (A) (A) % Error
800 479.30 459.00 4.24
808 309.40 322.26 4.16
816 213.50 205.49 3.75
824 195.10 194.06 0.53
854 175.90 173.68 1.26
832 146.20 140.55 3.86
858 143.00 138.06 3.45
834 139.30 135.19 2.95
836 136.50 132.71 2.78840 136.00 132.27 2.74
890 94.10 87.94 6.55
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Recloser and Fuses Types
Recloser
Recloser's coordination range must provide adequate time to sense all
downstream faults.
Fuse Saving mode used
A triple single-phase electronic recloser was used
Load side fuses
Similar types of fuse links were selected for all branches within the
same nominal current range
Voltage rating equal to or higher than the maximum bus voltage at thefuse location
Interrupting current rating larger than the maximum symmetrical fault
current at the fuse location
Type K, T and X expulsion fuse links
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Step Down Transformer (XMF-1) Fusing
A type T external expulsion cutout on the primary side
The voltage rating equal to or greater than the voltage at transformer's
location
The ampere rating equal to or greater than the anticipated normal
loading level The symmetrical short-circuit interrupting rating equal to or greater
than the maximum fault current
Be able to withstand the inrush current generated when
transformer is energized
Be able to protect against transformer faults and secondary
side faults (through faults)
Serve as backup device by coordinating with the OCP device
downstream of the lateral
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Capacitor Bank Fusing
Group fusing method is used. (One fuse
protects the capacitor bank)
Promptly isolate the failed capacitor unit on
the line prior to any other protective device
on the system
1-phase grounded fault current without fault
impedance is assumed as the capacitor fault
value.
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Settings for Recloser and Load Side Fuses
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Minimum Fault Current Observed at the Recloser
For The Minimum Fault At Each Lateral
Recloser Faulted Lateral If recloser (A)
Node Node number DIgSILENT
800 810 1 321.79
800 822 2 168.90
800 826 3 218.89
800 856 4 179.82
800 888 5 61.08
800 864 6 126.36
800 848 7 165.82
800 838 8 166.88800 Cap- 844 7 167.93
800 Cap- 848 7 165.82
800 840 11 165.88
No. of Instantaneous Trips 1
No. of Delay Trips 2
Nominal Voltage 14.4 kV, L-N
Minimum trip rating 100 A
Instantaneous trip curve type 103
Delay trip curve type 134
Recloser Settings
Nominal Voltage Rating24.9 kV, L-L or
4.16 kV, L-L
Nominal Current Rating of Each
Fuse
Based on each
branchs current
Load Side Fuse Settings
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Coordination Studies
Two terms for OCP operation
Primary device
Near to the fault and first to clear the fault
Secondary (backup device)
Backup of the primary device
Coordination between recloser and fuse
For temporary fault, K factor is used
For permanent fault, fuse operates prior to reclosersdelay trip
Coordination between fuse and fuse Max clearing time of primary fuse will not exceed 0.75 times the
minimum melting time of the secondary fuse
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Fault Case Studies
Fault on main feeder
Fault on ordinary laterals
Fault on laterals with reactive compensation Faults on laterals with step-down transformer
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Fault on ordinary laterals
Recloser operates on its
instantaneous trip for
temporary fault
For permanent fault,
fuse operates to clear
the fault and isolates the
lateral
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Instantaneous trip of recloser
Fuse melting time
Delayed curve of recloser (backup)
Recloser-Fuse coordination for min fault at 810
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Discussion of Results
RECLOSER-FUSE COORDINATION TIME INTERVALS FROM DIGSILENT
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OPD List for the Test Feeder
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Summary/Conclusions
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A conventional overcurrent protection and
coordination scheme was implemented on IEEE 34
Node Test Feeder computer model in DIgSILENT
The final list of selected OCP was provided Coordination was achieved for different cases
This may be used for easy comparison and
assessment of future overcurrent protection studiesregarding radial distribution system with or without
additions such as DG
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Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank F. J. Verdeja
Perez, J. Mendoza, S. Duttagupta, M. Marotti,
K. Mansfield, T. Djokic, and H. E. Leon for their
contributions, along with the assistance ofProf. W. H. Kersting.
This work was supported in part by the U.S.
National Science Foundation under Grant ECS-02-18309.
Paper no. TPWRD-00792-2007.
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Contact information:
Dr. Karen L. Butler-Purry
Email: [email protected]