Turtles have no teeth.doc

8/14/2019 Turtles have no teeth.doc

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. Turtles have no teeth.

2. Prehistoric turtles may have weighed as much as 5,000 pounds.

3. Only one out of a thousand baby sea turtles survives after hatching.

. !ea turtles absorb a lot of salt from the sea water in which they live. They e"crete e"cess salt fromtheir eyes, so it often loo#s as though they$re crying.

5. %elium is a colorless, odorless, tasteless inert gas at room temperature and ma#es up about 0.0005&of the air we breathe.

'. %elium (alloon )as ma#es balloons float. %elium is lighter than air and *ust as the heaviest things willtend to fall to the bottom, the lightest things will rise to the top.

+. amels can spit.

-. n ostrich can run 3 miles per hour /+0 #ilometers per hour.

1. Pigs are the fourth most intelligent animal in the world.

0. inosaurs didn$t eat grass4 There was no grass in the days of the dinosaurs.

. olphins can swim 3+ miles per hour /'0 #ilometers per hour.

2. crocodile$s tongue is attached to the roof of its mouth4 t cannot move. t cannot chew but itsigestive *uices are so strong that it can digest a steel nail, )lass pieces, etc.

3. !har#s are immune to disease i.e. they do not suffer from any isease.

. nimals are either right6 or left6handed4 Polar bears are always left6handed, and so is 7ermit the8rog.

5. Paris, 8rance has more dogs than people.

'. 9ew :ealand is home to +0 million sheep and only 0 million people.

+. ;ale polar bears weigh 00 pounds and females only weight 550 pounds, on average.

-. (ison are e"cellent swimmers4 Their head, hump and tail never go below the surface of the water.

1. There are ' to frogiver ndus


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2. The Persian invaders converted it into %indu. The name =%industan= combines !indhu and %indu andthus refers to the land of the %indus.

25. The =place value system= and the =decimal system= were developed in 00 ( in ndia.

2'. The game of sna#es ? ladders was created by the 3th century poet saint )yandev. t was originally

called =;o#shapat=. The ladders in the game represented virtues and the sna#es indicated vices.

2+. ndia has the most post offices in the world

2-. =9avigation= is derived from the !ans#rit word 9@)T%

21. The word navy is also derived from the !ans#rit word =9ou=.

30. Antil -1', ndia was the only source for diamonds to the world

3. snail can sleep for 3 years.

32. The names of the continents all end with the same letter with which they start.

33. Twenty68our67arat )old is not pure gold since there is a small amount of copper in it. bsolutelypure gold is so soft that it can be molded with the hands.

3. Blectricity doesn$t move through a wire but through a field around the wire.

35. The first bicycle that was made in -+ by (aron von rais didn$t have any pedals4 People wal#ed italong.

3'. The first steam powered train was invented by >obert !tephenson. t was called the >oc#et.

3+. cheetah does not roar li#e a lion 6 it purrs li#e a cat /meow.

3-. The original name for the butterfly was Cflutterby=

31. nts don$t sleep.

0. olphins usually live up to about twenty years, but have been #nown to live for about forty.

. olphins sleep in a semi6alert state by resting one side of their brain at a time.

2. dolphin can hold its breath for 5 to - minutes at a time.

3. (ats can detect warmth of an animal from about ' cm away using its =nose6leaf=.

. (ats can also find food up to - ft. away and get information about the type of insect using theirsense of echolocation.

5. The eyes of the chameleon can move independently can see in two different directions at the sametime.

'. oc#roach an detect movement as small as 2,000 times the diameter of a hydrogen atom.

+. ragonfly Bye contains 30,000 lenses.


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-. Pig$s Tongue contains 5,000 taste buds. 8or comparison, the human tongue has 1,000 taste buds.

1. The number system was invented by ndia. ryabhatta was the scientist who invented the digit Dero.

50. ntelligent people have more Dinc and copper in their hair.

5. Barth weighs 5,1+2,000,000,000,000,000,000 tons.

52. Ei#e fingerprints, everyone$s tongue print is different.

53. duc#$s Fuac# doesn$t echo anywhere

5. ;an is the only animal who$ll eat with an enemy

55. The average woman uses about her height in lipstic# every five years.

5'. The first hristmas was celebrated on ecember 25, 33' in >ome.

5+. oc#roach will live nine days without its head, before it starves to death.

5-. chimpanDee can learn to recogniDe itself in a mirror, but mon#eys can$t.

51. rat can last longer without water than a camel can.

'0. bout 0& of the world$s population is left6handed.

'. olphins sleep with one eye open.

'2. !na#es have no e"ternal ears. Therefore, they do not hear the music of a =sna#e charmer=. nstead,

they are probably responding to the movements of the sna#e charmer and the flute. %owever, soundwaves may travel through bones in their heads to the middle ear.

'3. ;any spiders have eight eyes.

'. The tongue of sna#es has no taste buds. nstead, the tongue is used to bring smells and tastes intothe mouth. !mells and tastes are then detected in two pits, called =Gacobson$s organs=, on the roof oftheir mouths. >eceptors in the pits then transmit smell and taste information to the brain.

'. (irds don$t sweat.

'5. The highest #angaroo leap recorded is 0 ft and the longest is 2 ft.

''. 8lamingo tongues were eaten common at >oman feasts.

'+. The smallest bird in the world is the %ummingbird. t weighs oD .

'-. The bird that can fly the fastest is called a Hhite it can fly up to 15 miles per hour.

'1. The oldest living thing on earth is 2,000 years old. t is the flowering shrubs called creosote bushesin the ;o*ave esert.


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+0. Tea is said to have been discovered in 2+3+ ( by a hinese emperor when some tea leavesaccidentally blew into a pot of boiling water.

+. person can live without food for about a month, but only about a wee# without water. f theamount of water in your body is reduced by *ust &, you$ll feel thirsty. f it$s reduced by 0&, you$lldie.

+2. long with its length nec#, the giraffe has a very long tongue 66 more than a foot and a half long. giraffe can clean its ears with its 26inch tongue.

+3. Ostriches can #ic# with tremendous force, but only forward. on$t ;ess with them.

+. n elephant can smell water three miles away.

+5. f you were to remove your s#in, it would weigh as much as 5 pounds.

+'. hippopotamus can run faster than a man

++. ndia never invaded any country in her last 0000 years of history.

+-. The world$s #nown tallest man is >obert Pershing Hadlow. The giraffe is 5.1m /- ft., the man is2.55m /-ft. . in..

+1. The world$s tallest woman is !andy llen. !he is 2.35m /+ ft. + in..

-0. The only 2 animals that can see behind themselves without turning its head are the rabbit and theparrot.

-. The blue whale is the largest animal on earth. The heart of a blue whale is as big as a car, and itstongue is as long as an elephant.

-2. The largest bird egg in the world today is that of the ostrich. Ostrich eggs are from ' to - incheslong. (ecause of their siDe and the thic#ness of their shells, they ta#e 0 minutes to hard6boil. Theaverage adult male ostrich, the world$s largest living bird, weighs up to 35 pounds.

-3. Bvery dolphin has its own signature whistle to distinguish it from other dolphins, much li#e a humanfingerprint.

-. The world$s largest mammal, the blue whale, weighs 50 tons i.e. 50000 7g at birth. 8ully grown, itweighs as much as 50 tons i.e. 50000 7g.

-5. 10 & of all the ice in the world in on ntarctica.

-'. ntarctica is >B!T continent. ntarctica is a desert

-+. ntarctica is OEB!T continent, averaging minus +' degrees in the winter.

--. ;ercury is the closest planet to the sun and it doesn$t have a moon. ts atmosphere is so thin thatduring the day the temperature reaches +50 degrees, but at night it gets down to 6300 degrees.

-1. Gupiter is the largest planet. f Gupiter were hollow, you could fit 000 earths insideI t is made up ofgas and is not solid. The most famous feature on Gupiter is its >ed !pot, which is actually an enormous


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hurricane that has been raging on Gupiter for hundreds of yearsI !i"teen moons orbit Gupiter.

10. !aturn is a very windy placeI Hinds can reach up to ,00 miles per hour. !aturn is also made ofgas. f you could find an ocean large enough, it would float. This planet is famous for its beautiful rings,and has at least - moons.

1. Aranus is the third largest planet, and is also made of gas. t$s tilted on its side and spins north6south rather than east6west. Aranus has 5 moons.

12. 9eptune ta#es '5 Barth years to get around the sun. t appears blue because it is made ofmethane gas. 9eptune also has a big !pot li#e Gupiter. Hinds on 9eptune get up to ,200 mile per hourI9eptune has - moons.

13. Pluto is the farthest planet from the sun... usually. t has such an unusual orbit that it is occasionallycloser to the sun than 9eptune. Pluto is made of roc# and ice.

1. Gust about everyone listens to the radioI 11& of homes in the Anited !tates have a least one radio.;ost families have several radios.

15. !ound is sent from the radio station through the air to your radio by means of electromagneticwaves. 9ews, music, ivine teaching, baseball games, plays, advertisements6 these sounds are allconverted into electromagnetic waves /radio waves before they reach your radio and your ears.

1'. t the radio station, the announcer spea#s into a microphone. The microphone changes the sound ofhis voice into an electrical signal. This signal is wea# and can$t travel very far, so it$s sent to atransmitter. The transmitter mi"es the signal with some strong radio signals called carrier waves. Thesewaves are then sent out through a special antenna at the speed of lightI They reach the antenna of yourradio. Jour antenna =catches= the signal, and the radio$s amplifier strengthens the signal and sends it tothe spea#ers. The spea#ers vibrate, and your ears pic# up the vibrations and your brain translates theminto the voice of the radio announcer bac# at the station. Hhen you consider all the places the

announcer$s voice travels.

1+. Bvery radio station has its own freFuency. Hhen you turn the tuning #nob on your radio, you arechoosing which freFuency you want your antenna to =catch.=

1-. ;ountain lions are #nown by more than 00 names, including panther, catamount, cougar, painterand puma. ts scientific name is 8elis concolor, which means =cat of one color.= t one time, mountainlions were very commonI

11. The large cats of the world are divided into two groups6 those that roar, li#e tigers and frican lions,and those that purr. ;ountain lions purr, hiss, scream, and snarl, but they cannot roar. They can *ump adistance of 30 feet, and *ump as high as 5 feet. t would ta#e Fuite a fence to #eep a mountain lionoutI Their favorite food is deer, but they$ll eat other critters as well. They hunt alone, not in pac#s li#e

wolves. They snea# up on their prey *ust li#e a house cat snea#s up on a bird or toy6 one slow step at atime. lion can eat ten pounds of meat at one timeI

00. Kueen ants can live to be 30 years old

0. ragonflies can flap their wings 2- times per second and they can fly up to '0 miles per hour .

02. s fast as dragonflies can flap their wings, bees are even faster... they can flap their wings 35times per second


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03. %uman thigh bones are stronger than concrete.

0. >ight handed people live, on average, nine years longer than left6handed people

05. The elephant is the only mammal that can$t *umpI

0'. 8ingernails grow nearly times faster than toenailsI

0+. Homen blin# nearly twice as much as men

0-. %oney is the only food that does not spoil. %oney found in the tombs of Bgyptian pharaohs hasbeen tasted by archaeologists and found edible.

01. oca6ola would be green if colouring weren$t added to it.

0. ;ore people are allergic to cow$s mil# than any other food.

. amels have three eyelids to protect themselves from blowing sand.

2. Barth is the only planet not named after a god.

3. t


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2-. The average lead pencil can draw a line that is almost 35 miles long or you can write almost 50,000words in Bnglish with *ust one pencil.

21. The Hright (rothers invented one of the first airplanes. t was called the 7itty %aw#.

30. ;ars is nic#named the =>ed Planet,= because it loo#s reddish in the night s#y. ;ars has 2 moons.

3. @enus is nic#named the =Gewel of the !#y.= (ecause of the greenhouse effect, it is hotter than;ercury, even though it$s not as close to the sun. @enus does not have a moon but it does have cloudsof sulfuric acid.

32. Tens of thousands of participants come from all over the world, fight in a harmless battle wheremore than one hundred metric tons of over6ripe tomatoes are thrown in the streets.

.The worldCs tallest living tree to date is the ;endocino Tree /!eFuoia sempervirens, which is 3'+ feetand ' inches tall /2.0 meters, located at the ;ontgomery Hoods !tate >eserve, in alifornia,A.!.. t has a diameter of 0.3 feet, or 3.31 meters.

2.The first Helwitschia plant was discovered by ustrian botanist 8riedrich Helwitsch in -'0 in the9amib desert in the southern part of ngola.

3.One molecule of sucrose is actually one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose bondedtogether /covalently lin#ed. !o one glucose and one fructose combined ma#es one sucrose.

.The poinsettia flower is named after a1th6century ambassador, Goel >oberts Poinsett, who first brought the poinsettia plant to merica.

5.There is a fish that can climb trees, called the muds#ipper. t spends about 3Lth of its time out ofwater. ;alaysian muds#ippers live in swamps where they climb among tangled stem roots, andsometimes into branches.

'.The worldCs oldest living plant is estimated to be the Tasmanian #ingCs holly, Eoamtia tasmanica, amember of the Proteaceae family, which has survived for about 3,'00 years.

+. single corn plant has been estimated to transpire about 5 gallons /25 liters of water in onegrowing season.

-.The family ;arantaceae /rrowroot 8amily was named after (artolomeo ;aranta, an talian botanist.

1.n the poison ivy plant, an oil called urushiol, found in the leaves, vines, and even the roots of theplant, causes the poison ivy rash. /s little as one nanogram of urushiol Mbillionth of a gramN, causes therash.

0.8rogs can *ump up to 20 times their body length. The longest *ump on record is 33 feet 5.5 inch.

.olphins can empty and refill their lungs in less than 0.2 seconds /one fifth of a second.


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2.The family Pontederiaceae /Hater %yacinth 8amily was named after )iulio Pontedera.

3.There are two types of poison ivy a climbing plant /to"icodendron radicans and a shrub/to"icodendron rydbergii. onCt bother trying to tell them apart since they loo# similar and often growin the same place.

.The sacred lotus 9elumbo nucifera heats up when it is ready for pollination. 8or up to four days itmaintains steamy temperatures of -'615 degrees 8ahrenheit /30635 degrees elsius to attract insectsand encourage them to move from one flower to another.

5.The country believe to have the most amount of plant species is (raDil, around or over 5',000.

'.The ompositae /steraceae have more species than any other family of flowering plants with over20,000 species recogniDed, mostly in the tropics.

+.nother word for fructose is laevulose.

-.Hhen at 200 degrees elsius, sucrose will melt into caramel.

1.One molecule of glucose with one molecule of galactose ma#es one molecule of lactose.

20.The first enDyme to be discovered was diastase /amylase, discovered by 8rench chemist nselmePayen.

2.8ood storage in seeds occurs either in the cotyledon or the endosperm.

22.Eysosomes contain enDymes for brea#ing down macromolecules /lysoDymes.

23.The animal #ingdom is the largest #ingdoms in terms of number of species.

2.The main function of water in photophosphorylation is to provide electrons which are energiDed by

light energy.

25.;embers of the phylum nidaria, whichs contains hydroDoans, *ellyfish, and sea anemones, haveradial symmetry.

2'.9ematodes donCt have a true coelom, but a psudocoelom.

2+.)lucagon is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to brea# down glycogeninto glucose /glycogen hydrolysis and to release glucose into the blood.

2-.The "ylem contains many cells including fibers called schlerenchyma.

21.n most cells, the cytoplasm is divided into two parts the ectoplasm /plasmagel, and the endoplasm

/plasmasol.

30. newly discovered frog species is so tiny that it can sit comfortably on the human fingernail. Thefrog, Psyllophryne didactyla, was discovered in uba in 11'.

3. handful of soil contains up to 5,000 different species of bacteria.

32.Barthworms produce nitrous o"ide as a by6product from digesting soil nitrates and nitrites. !oil withearthworms contains five times as much nitrous o"ide as soil without.


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33.The slowest6growing tree is a white cedar /Thu*a occidentalis located in anada. fter 55 years, itgrew to a height of inches /0.2 centimeters, and weighed only 0.' ounces /+ grams.

3.Psilocybin /2%+92OP, a hallucinogenic crystalline solid, are obtained from the mushroomPsilocybe me"icana.

35.)lycolysis is a subdivision of cellular respiration in which glucose molecules are bro#en down to formpyruvic acid molecules.

3'.The amino acid tryptophan was discovered by !ir 8rederic# )owland %op#ins in 10.

3+.The amino acid histine was discovered by lbrecht 7ossel.

3-.The most powerful health6promoting compounds in blueberries are anthocyanins, and have beenproven to improve brain power, especially with rats.

31.The monera #ingdom is the smallest #ingdom in terms fo number of species.

0.The ;iocene ape /Proconsul africanus was discovered by 7enyan anthropologist Eouis Eea#ey in1-, a possible ancestor of both mon#eys and apes.

.!cottish botanist >obert (rown discovered the nucleus in plant cells, in -3.

2.The first te"tboo# on botany was written by A.!. botanist sa )ray =Blements of (otany= in -3'.

3.ll mushrooms are classified under the phylum (asidiomycota /#ingdom 8ungi.

.There are around '5,000 different species of protists.

5.ll protists are eu#aryotes.

'.There are ,+'5 different species of frogs.

+.The species with the most #nown pair of chromosomes is the Ophioglossum reticulatum, a species offern, with more than '30 pairs /,2'0 total.

-.n old, still healthy, mature oa# tree is estimated to have appro"imately 250,000 leaves /one fourthof a million.

1.The birds appeared on the Barth a little more than '0 million years ago.

50.The rate at which glycolysis occurs in a cell is stimulated by the concentration of adenosinediphosphate /P. /The control of the rate of glycolysis depends upon the activity of the allosteric

enDyme, phosphofructo#inase. The enDyme is activated by adenosine diphosphate and inhibited byadenosine triphosphate /TP.

5.arotenoids that do not contain o"ygen are called carotenes and are deep orange in color.arotenoids that do contain o"ygen are called "anthophylls, and are yellow in color.

52.Phytochromes are the pigments in plants that allows the plant to discern whether or not itCs at day ornight /more specifically light or dar#.


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53.8erredo"in is an iron containing protein that functions in capturing energy rich electrons from e"citedchlorophyll molecules.

5.The three different #inds of #idneys found in vertebrates are the pronephros, mesonephros, andmetanephros.

55. 6leafed red clover /the clover with the most leaves #nown to date/Trifolium pratense was reported by Paul %aiDlip, located in (ellevue, Hashington, A.!.., on Gune22,1-+. There is also a 6leafed white clover /Trifolium repens, found by >andy 8arland near !iou"8alls, !outh a#ota, A.!.., on Gune ', 1+5.

5'.The highest chlorophyll content found in a plant is in the 7irin hlorella ;620++ /hlorella vulgaris,a type of algae. t has been measured on a dry weight basis to be '.+&. This percentage rate wasdiscovered by r. 7ouichi 9a#anishi of 7irin (rewery ompany Etd., Gapan.

5+.The worldCs heaviest cabbage was grown by (ernard Eavery of Elanharry, >hondda ynon Taff,Hales, in 1-1. t weighed 2 pounds /5'.2 #ilograms.

5-.There are two types of cells, pro#aryotes and eu#aryotes. Pro#aryotes are more simpler than

eu#aryotes, but they both posses a plasma membrane and cytoplasm.

51.The worldCs oldest vine, the Old @ine, in ;aribor, !lovenia, is around 00 years old. scientificmeasurement of the vine carried out in 1+2 established that it was between 350 and 00 years old.9ow it is rougly 3-0 to -0 years old, and produces about 00 bottles of wine, or 35 to 55 #ilograms ofgrapes, yearly.

'0.The worldCs tallest sunflower, grown in 1-' by ;artien %ei*ms in Oirschot, The 9etherlands, grew tobe 25 foot 5 inches /+.+' meters.

'.The four stomachs of a cow are the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum.

'2.The nec# of a giraffe has + vertebras.

'3.There are around less than 0,000 different species of monera.

'.There are around 500,000 different species of plants.

'5.There are around 00,000 different species of fungi.

''.There are around less than +15,000 different species of animals.

'+.The producer of penicillin is Penicillium, an organism in the class scomycetes of the phylumBumocyta, of the 8ungi #ingdom.

'-.The Dylem of a plant conducts water and transports minerals upwards from the roots.

'1.The phloem transports sugars and other nutrients from the leaves to the other parts of the plant.

+0.The plant hormone abscisic acid /5%20O inhibits the growth of leaves and germinating seeds.

+.>ed blood cells are the only cells in the human body that do not have a nucelus.

+2.The first animal to be successfully cloned was a frog, done by (ritish molecular biologist Gohn (.


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)urdon in 133.

+3.The first mammal to be successfully cloned was an ewe named olly, born in Guly of 11', led by anHilmut.

+.f the deo"yribonucleic acid in a single human cell were stretched out and laid end to end, it would

measure appro"imately '.5 feet /2 meters.

+5.The amino acid asparagine was discovered by 8rench chemist 9icolas6Eouis @auFuelin in -0'.

+'.The bacteria Bpulopiscium fishelsoni, which lives in the gut of surgeonfish, was first identified in 1-5and mista#enly classified as a protoDoan, but was measured to be overly huge, at 0.05 inches /0.3-millimeters in diameter.

++.The study of fungi is called mycology.

+-.The upper shell /bac# of a turtle is the dorsal carapace. The lower shell /front of a turtle is theventral plastron.

+1.The cell walls of archaebacteria lac# peptidoglycans.

-0.>ed algae contain red accessory pigments called phycobilins.

-.The largest group of living seedless vascular plants are the ferns, at about 2,000 different species,in which around 2L3rd are tropical.

-2.The first plant patent was issued to %enry 8. (osenberg, a landscape gardener, who received A.!.Plant Patent on ugust -, 13 for a climbing or trailing rose.

-3.The earliest vertebrate, natolepsis, was a *awless fish from hina that lived at least 500 millionyears ago.

-.The earliest bird, rchaeoptery", was a pigeon siDed bird with a long tail, toothed bea#, and realfeathers, that appeared about '0 million years ago.

-5.;ycoplasma genitalium has the smallest number of genes of any organism yet #nown on Barth.!eFuenced in 115, it has -0 genes.

-'.Two molecules of glucose bonded together ma#es one molecule of maltose.

-+.The four nitrogen bases in deo"yribonucleic acid nuleotides are adenine, cytosine, guanine, andthymine.

--.>ibosomes assemble amino acids into proteins in the cytoplasm.

-1.The source of electrons used in ma#ing a molecule of glucose is photolysis, which splits %2O toprovide the electrons for photophosphorylation, which are incorporated in nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide phosphate hydrogen.

10.The worldCs oldest #nown tree is a bristlecone pine named ;ethuselah, located in alifornoaCs Hhite;ountains at *ust over ,+'0 years old.

1.The first trees that lived were the scale trees, that grew during the evonian period.


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12.The smallest flowering plant in the world belong to the genus Holffia of the uc#weed family, atbetween .3 to .5 millimeters in diameter.

13.!har#s have to #eep swimming in order to survive. The great white shar# must swim constantly at2.2 miles per hour /3.5 #ilometers per hour to ensure o"ygen reaches its bloodstream.

1.The sensors on the feet of a red admiral butterfly are 200 times more sensitive to sugar than thehuman tongue.

15.ommon frogs can live for about si" years but only in 0,000 will successfully evade predators anddisease to live to '.

1'.The deep6sea fish ;alecosteus niger has chlorophyll in the retina of its eye. This is the only #nowninstance of chlorophyll being found in an organism that is not a plant or bacteria.

1+.The tallest tree ever measured was an ustralian eucalyptus /Bucalyptus regnans, reported in -+2at 35 feet /32 meters high.

1-.The worldCs smallest winged insect is smaller than the eye of a house fly. t is the TanDanian parasiticwasp, which has a wingspan of 0.00- inch /0.2 millimeter.

11.The bar# tree of the cor# tree /Kuercus suber, a type of oa# tree is made up of many uniFue cells.Bach cell has sides, and, in a cubic centimeter of cor# tree bar#, there are about 0 million of them.or# cells are separated from each other by a layer of air. ll the air in this intercellular space is whatma#es cor# float.

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Turtles have no teeth.doc