Turbulent Centuries In Africa – Causes & Effects

Causes – •Portugal explored the west coast of Africa and established small forts for trade, repairs, and supplies.•Attacked East African coastal cities like Mombasa and Malindi.•Ousted Islamic control of these areas and set a trend of European dominance.•Over time, the Dutch, English and French replaced Portugal.

Turbulent Centuries In Africa – Causes & Effects

Effects – •Cultural diffusion & trade•Atlantic Slave Trade

Labor in the new worldVery profitableSlaves were captured from the interior of Africa and shipped via the Middle Passage.By 1780, about 80,000 a year - - - total of 11 million2 million dying from the voyageSmall African states and societies were wiped out

Turbulent Centuries In Africa – Causes & Effects

Effects – •Resistance

King Affonso – concerned about the increasing number of foreigners in his city-state of the KongoAlmany of Futa Toro – passed a law prohibiting the slave trade through his kingdom

Turbulent Centuries In Africa – Causes & Effects

Effects – •Formation of new states

Asante – Osei Tutu conquered several areas and formed the Asante Kingdom. He ruled by divine right and appointed people to offices based on merit. He had monopolies over the gold and slave trade.Fulani – Islamic revival led by Usman Dan Fodio against the Hausa rulers in Nigeria. He encouraged the revolt based on the Sharia, made many improvements and allowed new Islamic leaders to rise to power.

Turbulent Centuries In Africa – Causes & Effects

Effects – •New conflicts

Boers (Dutch) vs. Zulus led by ShakaEventually war broke out between the Zulus and the British.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrZbUS0MaY4http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tS9B7_2Gz0