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Technical Training
Basics: What is truss
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Goal of this workshop
Share knowledge
Actively promote safe working practices
Provide product expertise for users
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Topics
What is truss
Different forces on Truss Analising loading of truss structures
Truss standards
Questions
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What is truss ?
Lattice structure
Made of(mainly) aluminium tubes
Low selfweight (easy to handle )
Modular(easy to transport)
Flexible (lego system)
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What is a lattice structure?
1. A lattice structureis an opentriangularstructure.
2. Triangular shapes
are stable inhingedconnections
3. Triangulation is
essential for
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Similarity between a lattice
structure and a Truss?
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The Truss
Main tube
Cross bracing bracing
End bracing
Coupling system Node point
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Advantages ofaluminium
+/- 1/3 of the weight of steel
Non corrosive
Available in large quantities Easy to machine
Allowable stress for tension and
compression is the same
Why is Truss made of(mainly)
aluminium?
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Disadvantages ofaluminium
Strength decreases after welding with+/- 50%
Less stiff as steel
More difficult to weld
More expensive
Why is Truss made of(mainly)
alum
inium
?
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Main advantage of a Truss structure :
Low self weight in relation to a high load bearingcapacity.
Achieved by..
Bringing the material to the position where you
need it !!!!!
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Example.
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Different types ofcouplingsystems
Tube coupler
Gusset / Endplate
Hinge connection Male / Female
Conical coupler
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1: Tube connection
-Very high bearing stress in themain chord
-Open space between main
chord.
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2: Gusset / Endplate-Bending force in gusset Plate
-Open space between main chord
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3: Hinge connection Male / Female-Fixed Male/Female sides wear
given extra deflexion
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4: Conical coupler-Wear is compensated bij spigot
shape
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Mounting different brands oftruss together.
Although the truss looks the same each type of
truss has different technical specifications
Calculation of the system with different
specifications.
Responsibility
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Different forces on Truss
L
oading Forces
Internal reaction Forces
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Different types of loading
Point load
Multiple point load
Concentrated load
Uniformly distributed load
Cantilever load Normal force
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Point load
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Multiple point load
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Concentrated load
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Distributed load
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Cantilever load
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Normal Force
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Internal reaction forces in the Truss
Bending moment
Transversal forces ( also known as shear force )
Normal forcesTorsion force
The reaction of these forces is
Deflection
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This figure indicates where the internal
forces are active in the truss.
Shear force
Bending moment
Normal force
Normal force
Normal force
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Bending moment
To strain under tension, causing a straight
line structure to turn into a curve-shape
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Examples ofsituations when a bending moment
occurs:
Selfweight caused by the Force ofgravity Live loading such as lightning fixture orSound
equipment
Curtains, back drapes
Wind force.
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COMPR
SSION
TENSION
MOMENT
MOMEN
T