Truman Foreign Policy “Let’s Keep Score”

1. UN Established June 26, 1945 (Tie)Agreed to at Yalta in February 1945 w/big 3…April 1945, 50 Nations met in San FranciscoHQ in New YorkPermanent Members-US, UK, China, USSR, France

2. US Drops Atomic Bombs (Win)Hiroshima August 6th

Nagasaki August 9th

3. German Occupation (Tie)Potsdam Conference-

splits Germany into 4 Occupation ZonesUS, UK, France (West

Germany)USSR (East Germany

Also Split Berlin (4 Zones)

Promised to crush NAZI partyNuremberg Trials-

sentenced 11 to death

4. Japanese Occupation (Win)Only US controlled the

rebuilding of Japan Did not want to split

Japan like GermanyCreate a Democratic

governmentSupreme Commander

Douglas MacArthurHe wrote the constitutionNot militaristic!No more weapons/army

5. Eastern Europe (Loss)Right after the war, Stalin

takes the Baltic StatesLithuania, Latvia, Estonia

Stalin’s Promise of Free Elections in Eastern EuropeWent back on promises at

Yalta

Iron Curtain Speech-Winston Churchill, Missouri

“An iron curtain has descended across Europe…”

6. Containment PolicyAuthored by George

KennanFundamentally changes

US Foreign Policy foreverLearned our lesson from

WWIIAppeasement @ MunichSoviets want to expand,

we need to push them back!

Truman DoctrineAnnounced March 12,

1947“It must be the policy of

the United States to support free peoples from conquest or subjugation by outside pressures.”

What does this mean???

Marshall PlanEuropean Recovery ActApril 3, 1948Aid package to prevent

the countries of Western Europe from turning to communism

$12 Billion to France & Italy to stay strong and free

$400 million to Greece & Turkey

By 1950, W. European industrial production increased 64% = Markets for US Goods…

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

July 12, 19499 Western European

nations, US, Canada1st time in US history

where we joined into a “defensive alliance”

“If any one country is attacked it is regarded as an attack on all.”

Supreme Commander-Dwight Eisenhower

National Security Act (1947)July 26, 1947Created the Department

of DefenseAll Military Forces

under 1 CommandChairman of the Joint

ChiefsCreated Central

Intelligence AgencyReplaces the OSS –

collection of information abroad…

Created the National Security Council

7. Greece and Turkey (Win)1st true application of

containment!Why here?

USSR wanted a warm water port into the Mediterranean

Test the resolve of the US!

Britain could no longer support Greece

Gave $400 million under Marshall Plan to keep them free!