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Tropism:The Way Plants
Respond to Stimuli
Presentation Created by Mr. M. Barr, Kleb Intermediate School
With Adaptations by D. Tresten, Schindewolf
Certain materials are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according to the
multimedia fair use guidelines and are restricted from further use.
Stimulus (pl. Stimuli):Cause
Response:Effect
LightAll plants respond to lightStems and leaves grow toward light
Response to light is phototropism
Gravity We do not need to worry about which way to
plant a seed because the root grows down and the stem grows up. Why does this happen? It happens because plants respond to the pull of gravity.
Root cells grow toward the pull of gravity; stem and leaf cells grow away from the pull of gravity.
The response to gravity is called geotropism (or gravitropism)
WaterA plant’s roots grow toward water (not very strongly; plant must be touching water)
Growth of a plant’s roots toward water is called hydrotropism
TouchSome plants respond when they are touched
Grapevines,etc. have tendrils which allow a plant to grow around an object
Response of a plant to touch is thigmotropism
ColorPlants respond to different colors of light
Response of a plant to color is chromotropism
HeatPlants respond to different temperatures
Response of a plant to temperature changes is called thermotropism
ExamplesView the following slides for examples of tropism (some of which are also called nastic movements)
View videos of
Tropism
Go tohttp://sunflower.bio.indiana.edu/~rhangart/plantmotion/earlygrowth/photomorph/photomorph.html
View animation of Phototropism
http://www.landscapemodeling.org/html/animations/plant-growth.htm
REVIEW
Forms of Tropism Know these for the test:
PHOTOTROPISM -- response to light. GEOTROPISM -- response to earth contact or gravity. THERMOTROPISM -- response to heat. HYDROTROPISM -- response to moisture. CHROMOTROPISM -- response to colors. THIGMOTROPISM -- response to touch.
Source: http://www.afpmb.org/mpmh/chap2.htm
Name the Types of Tropisms that we
LearnedClue: Water VS No water
Clue: Heat VS Cold
Clue: Close VS Far from Earth
Clue: Touch with a toothpick
Clue: Blue light VS Red light
Clue: Dim light VS Bright light
Hydrotropism
Thigmotropism
Thermotropism
Chromotropism
Phototropism
Geotropism/Gravitropism
Click when you know the answer:
Tropism Definition:Response to lightResponse to heatResponse to gravityResponse to moistureResponse to touchResponse to colors
Phototropism
Thermotropism
Gravitropism or Geotropism
Hydrotropism
Thigmotropism
Chromotropism
Try again:
Tropism Definition:Response to touchResponse to waterResponse to colorsResponse to coldResponse to gravityResponse to too little light
Thigmotropism
Hydrotropism
Chromotropism
Thermotropism
Gravitropism or Geotropism
Phototropism
Hydrotropism
Thigmotropism
Thermotropism
Chromotropism
Phototropism
Geotropism/Gravitropism
Name the type of Tropism that each of
the following investigations is
testing…
Investigation What form of tropism is being
tested?Mesh Divider (Inserted to bottom of pan)
Seeds =
Dry Soil Watered Soil
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
Plant APlant B
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism
•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism do you think
the scientist is meaning to test? What’s wrong with the idea?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#
•Chromotropism•Geotropism
•Hydrotropism
•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
Purple light
WhiteLight
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?Plant in the space shuttle
Same kind of plant in a building on
Earth
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism
Roots grow inevery direction
Roots growdownward
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
Investigation
See animation and more facts: http://biology.kenyon.edu/edwards/project/steffan/b45sv.htm
What form of tropism is being tested?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?Are there too many variables in this
test?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being tested?Could there be more than one variable
affecting the outcome of this test?
#
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
QuizNumber from 1 – 15 Identify the types of tropism
This is an example of which form of tropism?
#1
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
Mimosa plants
contract when
touched. This is an
example ofwhat form
of tropism?
http://www.dickinson.edu/~nicholsa/Romnat/mimosa.htm
#2
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
Venus fly traps close around insects that “irritate” them. This is an example ofwhat form of tropism?
For a Humorous Animation of “Venus Pie Trap,” go to
http://www.siggraph.org/artdesign/gallery/S99/animation/venus_pie.html
Source & For more information, go to: http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/acc_num/198501413.html
#3
Investigation What form of tropism is being
tested if this bag is taped to a wall?
Staples to keep beans from moving
Paper Towel, moist
Ziplock baggie, open at top
1 of 2 seeds1 is right side up/
other is upside down (lima beans, peas, corn)
#4
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism
Data for Investigation 1:What evidence suggests
geotropism?
Close-up View
#5
Investigation What form of tropism is being
tested?Mesh Divider (Inserted to bottom of pan)
Seeds =
Dry Soil Watered Soil
#6
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
Plant A Plant B
#7
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism
•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#8
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#9
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism
•Phototropism•Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#10
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
Investigation
See animation and more facts: http://biology.kenyon.edu/edwards/project/steffan/b45sv.htm
What form of tropism is being tested?
#11
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#12
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
Investigation:What form of tropism is being
tested?
#13
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
Plant in the space shuttle
Same kind of plant in a building on
Earth
#14
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested? It’s hard to tell, isn’t it? Too many variables!
Plant on the moon
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism
InvestigationWhat form of tropism is being
tested?
#15
•Chromotropism •Geotropism•Hydrotropism•Phototropism •Thigmotropism•Thermotropism