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TRIZ – Innovation
Vishwanath Ramdas
This presentation thanks
•http://Mazur.net/triz •www.Triz-journal.com •Presentation style
– Tom Asacker– Tom Peters
How do we think {innovate}?
Inside the Box[ within the scheme of things }Look for analogous solutions
Let us Distinguish
To innovate!Get the RIGHT answerQuestion & Re-Define
Create something New
To Solve a Problem
Extend What is Solve for NOW
Get the answer RIGHT
How do we think {innovate}?
Random – Trial & Error!
Brainstorming Past Experiences
Psychological Dependant
How do we think {innovate}?
Define Detail Analyze GapsBrain-StormExperimentImplement…This leads to ….
Psychologically constrained approach
How do we think {innovate}?
inability to go beyond the current realm of knowledge By the Individual
By the Group
Psychological inertia.
How do we think {innovate}?
How do we think {innovate}?
Genrich Altshullerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genrich_Altshuller – Thank you!
October 15, 1926 - September 24, 1998
Published his science fiction under the pseudonym Genrikh Altov, often in collaboration with his wife, Valentina Zhuravleva.
40 Inventive Principles 1946-1971,
ARIZ 1959-1985,
Separation Principles 1973-1985,
Su-Field Analysis 1973-1981,
76 Standard Solutions 1977-1985,
Natural Effects (Scientific Effects) 1970-1980,
Patterns of Evolution 1975-1980...
Tools 200K Patents –
‘6940 Principles
TRIZ – Theory of Innovative Problem Solving
Be a systematic step by step procedure.
{ Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch }
Founding Principle..
be repeatable and reliable
Founding Principles
be able to access the body of inventive knowledge
TRIZ
be able to add to the body of inventive knowledge
be familiar enough to inventors
Altshuller studied patents.
200 K Patents..
TRIZ
Found that only a small portion are true innovations
Remaining are straight forward improvements
Today it is 1.4 Million Patents..
he then classified these patents
Classified patents into Strata..
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
32%
45%
18%
4%
<1%
Routine design problems solved by methods well known within the specialty. No invention needed
Minor improvements, by methods within the industry. Usually with some compromise
Fundamental improvements by methods known outside the industry. Contradictions resolved
New generation principle to perform primary functions. Solution found in science than in technology.
A rare scientific discovery or pioneering invention of essentially a new system
TRIZ
The levels again!
Table 1. Levels of Inventiveness.
LvlDegree of inventivenes
s%
Source of knowledge
# of solns.
1 Apparent solution 32% Personal knowledge 10
2Minor
improvement 45% Knowledge within company
100
3Major
improvement 18% Knowledge within the industry
1000
4 New concept 4% Knowledge outside the industry
100,000
5 Discovery 1% All that is knowable 1,000,000
95% of the solutions had been solved before!
TRIZ
Altshuller found ….
overcome contradictions.
True innovation strived to
Contradictions between opposing forces like Speed – Friction
Complexity – Utility
TRIZ
Altshuller found ….
similar patterns (40 of them!)
that most inventions seemed to have
Patterns used in resolving the contradictions.
TRIZ
TRIZ – The Approach
The first Steps
Law of increasing Ideality..
Net Utility divided by Harmfulness
Harm >> cost, footprint, energy consumed, pollution, danger, etc
The faster you get there the more inventive you are!
The evolution of the mechanical spring-driven watch into the electronic quartz crystal watch is an example
of moving towards ideality.
The Approach
Environment Matters..
Super System
The Approach
System
Sub System
ARIZThe Approach
Identify the Problem.The Approach
Innovative Situation Questionnaire
Operating environmentResource requirements Primary useful function
Harmful effectsIdeal result.
Formulate the Problem.The Approach
Function Trees..Super & Sub System
Su Field AnalysisDefine Contradictions
Identify characteristics
QFDMind-Map Root Cause Analysis
39 Characteristics.• Qualities – Static & In Motion (6*2 >
12)– Dimension, area, volume, weight, durability, energy
• Physical Qualities (7)– Shape, strength, speed, pressure, force, brightness,
temperature, power
• Performance Qualities– Stability, reliability, control complexity, system complexity
• Product outcomes (6)– Ease of use, ease of repair, harmful side fx, harmful factors,
measurement accuracy, manufacturing accuracy
• Wastes (5)– Time, effort, material, materials used, information
• Process Characteristics (8)– Adaptability, manufacturability, productivity,, automation
The Approach
Mind Map of Characteristics
39 conflictingparameters
Static Qualities
Quality in motion
Phy. Qualities
Wastes
ProcessingOutcomes
weight
Dimension
Area
Volume
Energy
Durability
weight Dimension
AreaVolume
Energy
Durability
Force
Pressure
Temperature
Brightness
strength
Shape
Speed
Information
Material
Usage of Mttl
time
effort
Ease of Use
Ease of Repair
Accuracy of manufacture
Accuracy of measurement
Reliability
Harmful Side effects
Stability
Manufacturability
Productivity
Adaptatbility
Harmful Factors
System complexity Control
complexity
Automation
PerformanceQualities
The Approach
Seek Analogous Solutions to Adapt
The Approach
40 Inventive Principles Applied through Altshuller Matrix
[39*38 = 1482] SituationsFor each identify Principle
40 Inventive Principles
• Organize (6)– Segmentation, merge,
Abstraction ( extract out), Nesting,
– Counter weight, Asymmetry
• Compose (7)– Local Quality, Universality,– Homogenity, composites,– Spheroids, thin films, Cheap
disposables
• Physical (4)– Porosity, Additional Dimension,,
Thermal Expansion, Colour Changes
• Chemical (4)– Oxidate – reduce, inertness,– Transform states, Phase
transition
• Interactions (5)– Reduce Mechanical
Movement, Bring Fluidity– Equipotence, dynamicity,
vibration
• Process (9)– Do it in reverse, ++ / --,
continued action, repeated action, skip through, negative to positive
– Prior Cushioning, Prior Actions, Prior Counter Actions
• Service (5)– Self service, intermediary,
feedback, – use and retrieve, cheap
copies
The Approach
Mind Map – 40 Inventive Princples
40 inventive Principles
Organize
Compose
Physically
Chemically
InteractionsProcess
Nest
Segment
Counterweight
Abstract – extract
asymmetry
Merge
homogenousThin films
shperoidsLocal quality
universality
composites
+ dimension
porosity
Color changes
Thermal expansion
intermediary
Transform states
inertnessOxidate
Phase transition
invert
Continued Useful action
Prior Cushioning
++ / -- actions
Self service
Repeated Action
feedback
vibrations
dynamism
Equi potence
Negative to positive
Dispose retrieve cheap
copy
fluidity
Service
Prior Counter Action
PriorAction
Skip through
Cheap disposables
Less mechanical
The Approach
Identify my specific problemThe Approach
Search Patent Databases Identify Near by solutions
ExperimentImplement.
95% of the solutions that had been solved before!
TRIZ - TRIX
Tools of the Trade..
ARIZ - Algorithm for Inventive Problem Solving
•Formulate the problem.•Transform the problem into a model.
•Analyze the model.•Resolve physical contradictions.
•Formulate ideal solution.
Su-Field Analysis
•Interactions of objects ( substances )
•Through Fields•Standard triangulation •Between subject and object and •The Field in between. •The field is where the contradiction
is
Anticipatory Failure Determination (AFD)
•Failure factor analysis •? FMEA/ QFD / Ishikawa?
Directed Product Evolution (DPE)
•Road map to the future!•Following Principles
– Technology lifecycle– Increasing IFR ( ideal final result)– Increasing complexity followed by simplicity
Uneven development of sub systems– Matching mis-matching of parts – Macro to micronization – Increasing Dynamism and control – Reducing human intervention – automation
Some companies with TRIZ
• Allied Signal Aerospace Sector• Chrysler Corp.• Emerson Electric• Ford Motor Co.• General Motors Corp.• Johnson & Johnson• Rockwell International• UNISYS• Xerox Corporation • LG group
40 Triz Principles
Foundation of TRIZ..
Divide an object into independent parts.
40 TRIZ Principles
Segmentation
CivilizationBricks in a Wall
Object Oriented DesignN-Tier Architecture
Packet Switching
Make object easy to disassembleIncrease the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.
1Merging
Focus on a specific element40 TRIZ Principles
Extract Out
USP AdvertisingData Warehousing
SDLC - Skunkworks
Remove interfering partFocus on Necessary partFiltering
2Nesting
Uniform to Non Uniform40 TRIZ Principles
Local Quality
SME in TeamsPDO
Razor BladesAgriculture implements
Tyres
change an external environment Each part to do its functionEach part suitable for its purpose
3Universality
Skew distribution40 TRIZ Principles
Asymmetry
DB – File ManagementDB - Indexing Variable Pay Road Rollers
Skew it Change the degree of Skew
4Counter Weight
Bring closer / unify40 TRIZ Principles
Merging
HPCCell based manufacture
SOATOC
Assemble into one Parallel / Contiguous Processes
5Segmentati
on
Use everywhere40 TRIZ Principles
Universality
Casio – ScrewStandards
RationalizeSOA
Normalization
Standard Object in multiple contexts
6Local
Quality
One inside another 40 TRIZ Principles
Nested Doll-Matrushka
ContainersProtocols
ParcelsWiring
Pass through Cavity
7Extract Out
Counter inertia40 TRIZ Principles
Counter-Weight
AJAXCranes
Compensate through other objectsCompensate through environment
8Asymmetry
Prepare counter Harm40 TRIZ Principles
Prior Anti-Action
FMEA / Risk ManagementSecurity / SSH
Rail-sleepers
Pre-stress in opposite directionTake anti-Risk Measures
9
Prepare before time is due
40 TRIZ Principles
Prior Action
Cron JobsIndexesDW-DM
Assembly lineCooking
Pre-Fab Construction
Pre process activities – offlinePre Arrange and ready for event
10
Prepare emergencies before hand
40 TRIZ Principles
Prior Cushioning
PPA-FMEADR-BC
RedundancyPeak Demands
RedundancyRisk Mitigation
11
Reduce Position changes40 TRIZ Principles
Equi-potentiality
Job Rotation-Peter PrincipleFlexible Matrix Organization
Eliminate the need to re-structure
12Vibration
Counter Intuition / Norm40 TRIZ Principles
Do it in reverse
LD ProcessFlux Core Welding
‘Ready, Fire, Aim’ - Tom PetersUnlearning
Invert the Actions – the other way aroundChange the conditions of elementsChange orientations
13
Curvature40 TRIZ Principles
Spheroidality
Electric enginesChamfering
Ergonomics-AestheticsQuality Circles
Token RingsSAN - Ring
Rectilinear – CurvilinearRollers Balls Spirals Domes Linear to Rotary motion
14
Allow / Encourage Change
40 TRIZ Principles
Dynamics
SWATSelf learning
DM-DWDHTML-AJAXCustomization
Self OptimizingMoving parts Adaptive Components
15
Increase or Reduce40 TRIZ Principles
Partial / Excess Action
‘If it ain’t broke, improve it anyway’
Phased approach Simple – back of the envelope
Trial and Error80 – 20 rule 95% confidence level
16
Another Dimension40 TRIZ Principles
New Dimension
DB - Normalization Status – Flags WFlow
External Service DependenceArray Objects – Object DB
XML - CSV
Move 2D – 3DRe-Arrange PhysicallyChange direction Outsource - consult
17
Increase Disturbance40 TRIZ Principles
Vibration
Silo – powder flowFear – Excitement
Oscillate VibrateIncrease FrequencyUse ResonanceUse other Vibration FieldsHeighten Tension
18Equipotential
ity
Pulsated Action40 TRIZ Principles
Periodic Action
Cron JobsProject Management
Management by ExceptionNight Shifts
Follow the Sun Service
Batch ProductionChange FrequencyUse Pauses Usefully
19
Work round the clock40 TRIZ Principles
Continued Action
Multi-SkillingVMWare – Virtualization
Loosely coupled
Full load Full time Eliminate Waste - Time
20Skip
Through
Rush through 40 TRIZ Principles
Skip through
Fail Fast; Learn Fast’Just Do IT
Analysis ParalysisHockey stick phenomenon
Hazardous steps fastPrototyping – Spiral Model
21Continued
Action
Turn Lemons into Lemonade
40 TRIZ Principles
Negative to Positive
Bug – FeatureSuburb living
Harm + Harm = GoodChange the focus of harmAmplify harm into feature
22
Listen and Respond40 TRIZ Principles
Feedback
SPCSense and Response
Logging – DM360 Appraisals
Introduce FeedbackIncrease Feedback
23
Representative Agent40 TRIZ Principles
Intermediary
InterfacesConsultant
PDOOutsourcng
For Execution For Translation
24Self Service
Do it yourself40 TRIZ Principles
Self Service
Gobar GasDynamic online help
Math Coding
Self actingSelf Driving – use waste / by products
25Intermediar
y
Don’t Reinvent the wheel40 TRIZ Principles
Copying
Open SourceOTS-modules
Buy out – MergerOnline help – Digital docs
Display to ProjectorBest practice - BOK
Expensive Originals – Cheap CopiesReal – Virtual
26
Cheap Objects40 TRIZ Principles
Cheap Shortlife Objects
Paper cutleryLesser Payload
Cheap Compromises
27
Physical to Field40 TRIZ Principles
Substitute Mechanics
Flash DrivesFewer DB hopsElectric engines
Maglev trainsJet Engines
Laser cuttingDigital Music
EM, optics, acoustic fieldsStatic – Dynamic FieldsField - Particles
28
Pneumatics & hydraulics40 TRIZ Principles
Fluidity
Air CushionsPanama Canal
Gaseuos – liquid parts
29
Thin protective layer40 TRIZ Principles
Flexible Thin Shells
InterfacesProtocolsFirewalls
Rain coatsSkin
Condoms
Isolation layersMinimal Overhead
30Porosity
Allow Ingress / Interactions40 TRIZ Principles
Porosity
SSH Firewall
Skin
Conditional - Osmosis Non conditional
31Thin Flexi
Shells
Change Surface Characteristics
40 TRIZ Principles
Change color
Flexible GUIPersonalization
Localization
W.r.t to environmentTransparency
32
Identical Properties40 TRIZ Principles
Homogenity
Constancy of purposeStandards
Patterns
W.r.t to environmentTransparency
33Composites
Throw and Re-Use40 TRIZ Principles
Discard & Recover
ShuttleSession Variables
PersistancePDO
Cache
Discard useless Parts Retain / Recover Consumables
34
Change State 40 TRIZ Principles
Parameter Changes
SimulationTelephone Banking
Change Density/ConcentrationDegree of Flexibility
35
Change State 40 TRIZ Principles
Phase Transitions
SimulationTelephone Banking
Phenomena during transitions
36
Material Expansion / Contraction
40 TRIZ Principles
Thermal Expansion
Motivation
Differential Expansion
37
Catalysis / Enhance Action40 TRIZ Principles
Strong Oxidation
Case-StudiesBest Practices
Accelerate ActionIonization
38Inertness
Reduce Action40 TRIZ Principles
Inert Atmosphere
Corporate RetreatsBoot campHardening
AuthenticationWelding
Isolation – for FocusProtection
39Oxidation
Uniform to Mixtures40 TRIZ Principles
Composite Materials
SMEMulti Discipline Teams
ConcreteFiber Glass
Bullet Proof Glass
Combinatorial Benefits
40Homogenity
Thanks Again to
•http://Mazur.net/triz •www.Triz-journal.com •Presentation style
– Tom Asacker– Tom Peters
Work in Progress …. To be Continued
Vishwanath Ramdas is …
•Process and Business Consultant •Working in areas like ITSM, Software development, process consulting …
•Based in bangalore [India]•Visit him @
– http://gopu44.googlepages.com