TRIP REPORT: IDENTIFYING LOCAL TREE GERMPLASMS, … · building nursery marketing network by involving government under partnership flag is important to keep the nursery business

Trip report on preliminary survey on identifying Page 1 of 51 local germplasms, improved planting material and its seedling market potency

TRIP REPORT: IDENTIFYING LOCAL TREE GERMPLASMS, IMPROVED

PLANTING MATERIAL AND ITS SEEDLING MARKET POTENCY IN ACEH BARAT, ACEH JAYA, PIDIE, BANDA ACEH AND

MEDAN 21 January – 28 February 2008

AND May 2008

Endri Martini

I. INTRODUCTION Aceh’ Tsunami catastrophe in Dec 2004 has changed not only the infrastructures, but also the social capital and sources for livelihood of the communities who live in the area. Changes to social network affect the ways in which people access everything from educational to market opportunities. Nevertheless, 3 years after tsunami, the communities try to recover themselves. Aids and supports from various organizations (national and international) were being given to the communities to rehabilitate the Tsunami area. However, as relief aid becomes less abundant, the affected population is turning back to earn an income from local resources such as agribusiness.

Historically, perennial horticultural systems and tree crop agribusiness play an important role in the region. In year 2002, agriculture contribute 23% to the Aceh’ Gross Regional Domestic Product and increased to 25% in 2004 (BPS, 2007). Tree crop from the region was played an important role in regional markets, supplying Banda Aceh, Medan and other areas with large amounts of areca nuts, durian and citrus fruits (DPH, 2007). Hence, the Rehabilitation of Agricultural Systems in Aceh – Developing Nurseries of Excellence (NOEL) Program is implemented since April 2007 by the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) with assistance from Winrock International and local partners, through support from the Government of Canada as represented by the Minister of International Cooperation, acting through the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). The program approach is to identify and work with motivated farmers and community groups committed to tree-based agricultural systems (agroforestries) and market-orientation through the establishment of ‘mother nurseries’ in the three most affected districts in Aceh; Aceh Barat, Aceh Jaya and Pidie.

Agribusiness rehabilitation projects in Aceh-Tsunami area were commenced not only by ICRAF but also by many other organizations that actively involved in the Tsunami relief program in the region (ESP-USAID, FHI, CARITAS). As the first step to rehabilitate the agribusiness, those organizations were focusing on encouraging local tree nurseries and tree improvement/propagation as one of the future agribusiness livelihood option. Seedlings that produced from those nurseries are planning to be planted on the reforestation program from the government and also may be planted by the local communities as long term investment to enhance the local communities’ livelihood.


However, yet there is no clear way to synchronize information between those nurseries with government agencies’ projects. Thus, forming associations between nurseries and building nursery marketing network by involving government under partnership flag is important to keep the nursery business sustain in the longer term.

In complement with the above situation, a rapid market appraisal work in Aceh Jaya and Aceh Barat was conducted by Green (2007) focusing on the identification of market opportunities and challenges for smallholder farmers in perennial horticultural systems in the region. Green (2007) identified that not much is known on local seedling availability, reliability or genetic improvement in the region. The seedling market in the region is limited in the sort term by programs’ reliance on genetic materials coming from Medan. Hence, a 1.5 months preliminary survey to identify local sources for indigenous germplasm and improved planting material and its seedling market potency was conducted in Aceh Barat, Aceh Jaya, Pidie, Banda Aceh and Medan as part of steps to support the development of market-oriented small scale tree seedling nursery.

Objectives 1. Document and evaluate indigenous sources of germplasm and improved planting

material in Aceh. 2. Quantify tree seedling demand in Aceh. 3. Evaluate the potential for developing an agroforestry network in Aceh. 4. Evaluate the formation of a tree nursery association as a mechanism to share

knowledge and experience between and among nursery operators and traders. 5. Feasibility study on developing a seedling certification.

Expected Outputs 1. Database of local sources for indigenous germplasm and improved planting material

in Aceh and Medan region 2. Recommendation on the potency to develop seedling market network in Aceh region. 3. Recommendation in the potency to initiate the nursery association in Aceh region

Expected Outcomes Enhanced nursery enterprise potency as sustainable livelihood alternative

II. DATA COLLECTION Data collection was assisted by the NOEL field team, with the objective to explore information on the local sources for indigenous germplasm, improved planting material and its seedling market potency. The surveys were conducted in Aceh Barat (23 January – 1 February 2008), Aceh Jaya (2-11 Februari 2008), Pidie (11-19 Februari 2008), Banda Aceh (20 Februari 2008), Medan (22 January and 25 February 2008), Tanjung Morawa (22 January and 26 February 2008) and Binjai (22 January and 27 February 2008). Detail activities conducted during the survey were listed in Appendix 1.

Information in the survey was collected through PRA (Focus Group Discussion) discussion with 156 NOEL farmers (9 Farmer Group in Aceh Barat, 9 Farmer Group in Aceh Jaya and 12 Farmer Groups in Pidie, with 20% of them are females farmers), Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan in Aceh Barat and Aceh Jaya districts, Dinas Pertanian in


Aceh Barat, Aceh Jaya and Pidie districts, BPSB Banda Aceh, BPSB Medan, BPSB Aceh Barat, BPSB Pidie, Universitas Teuku Umar, Universitas Jabal Nur, Universitas Syiah Kuala, commercial nurseries in North Sumatra (4 nurseries in Medan, 6 nurseries in Tanjung Morawa, 3 nurseries in Binjai), NGOs (2 in Aceh Jaya: CFK and CARITAS), Koperasi Karya Bersama in Aceh Jaya. Detail stakeholders met during the survey are listed in Appendix 2. Key questions that were asked during the discussion were as in Appendix 3. Secondary data on history of government tree planting programs and active seed-seedlings producers in the area, were collected through BPS and BPSB database. III. RESULTS Rejuvenating garden is becoming euphoria in Aceh region. This was stimulated by the Tsunami aids that were given and also as side-effect from the reconciliation/post-conflict era. Post conflict, farmers in Aceh are able to access their garden without worrying much; and marketplaces are more accessible than during conflict. Rejuvenating garden becomes part of the process to activate the abundance garden in becoming more productive and able to contribute to the local farmers’ livelihoods. As part of the rejuvenating process farmers will require good quality seedlings of superior species. Unfortunately, the demands for good quality seedlings exceed the current seedling supply in Aceh region. The available tree nurseries in Aceh couldn’t produce enough quantity and quality as demanded by the market.

Currently, most of the farmers in the 4 focus districts (Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat and Pidie and Pidie Jaya) have aware on the urgency in using superior species/variety to enhance their garden productivity. However, farmers still lack of knowledge and experience to produce and access seedlings of superior species/variety by themselves. Therefore to obtain good quality seedlings of superior species, they have to buy the seedlings from North Sumatra (particularly Medan, Tanjung Morawa and Binjai) that may cost them Rp 10,000 to Rp 25,000 per seedlings. Five tree Species that are most demanded by Aceh’s farmers are Durian monthong, Rambutan brahrang, Duku, Cacao and Rubber. Hence, through the survey, directory of tree nurseries in Aceh, Medan, Tanjung Morawa and Binjai are provided and to be used by farmers who would like to buy good quality seedlings.

Buying seedling will be no problem for farmers with financial resources, but will be a problem for cash-limited farmers who couldn’t afford to buy and access the superior quality seedlings. Therefore, if the cash-limited farmers want to rehabilitate their garden, they will buy low quality seedlings or produce their own seedlings with unclear quality that in the end will affected their garden productivity and cash-income they could earn. Hence, ca. 80% of NOEL farmers (Figure 1.) - that were mostly cash-limited farmers- would like to use the seedlings they’ll produce from the NOEL project to be planted in their own garden. While farmers with limited-land tend to sale the seedlings they’ll produce from the project. These contrast farmers motivation is clearly seen for Pidie district case, where land-limited farmers nearby Sigli are more market-oriented than farmers nearby Geumpang with abundant-land that are planning to plant the seedlings in their land as their main priority for the first year in establishing the tree nursery. Farmers

in Geumpang area may want to sell their seedlings in the future if their seedlings stock has exceeding their seedling need.

38%27%

18%

62%73%

82%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Pidie andPidieJaya

AcehJaya

AcehBarat

District

Ave

rage

per

cent

age

of th

e se

edlin

gs

prod

uced

from

the

proj

ect

Sell to other farmer

Plant in their own garden

Figure 1. NOEL farmers’ motivation per district in producing the superior seedlings

through the project. (note: data was collected based on the FGD per farmer group in each district in January-February 2008).

Establishing tree nursery actually is not new technology for the farmers in Aceh region (or elsewhere in Indonesia) that has high dependency to agriculture for their livelihood. In the past, farmers built tree nursery to fulfill their seedlings stocks for their planting program to rejuvenate their garden. What is new for the farmers is establishing tree nursery to produce superior species/variety by using vegetative propagation techniques.

In many areas in Indonesia, farmers still has limited access to species/variety that released by the government (BPSB) as superior species/variety, due to lack of information on the location, procedures and techniques to obtain the superior species/variety. In Aceh, superior fruit tree species that has been registered to BPSB until 2007 are Durian Asoe Kaya (Aceh Besar district), Durian Pha Gajah (Aceh Utara district), Melinjo Mulieng Gajah (Pidie district), Melinjo Mulieng Padee (Pidie district), Jeruk Giri Matang (Bireuen district), Jeruk Keprok Gayo (Aceh Tengah district), Alpukat Gayo (Aceh Tengah district) and Langsat (Indrapuri). Unfortunately, most of the farmers still have limited access to those indigenous local superior tree species, farmers prefer with introduced species or exploring new local superior species that are located nearby (Local superior or Lokal Unggul variety) with criteria of the superior mother trees defined by observing criteria of the most demanded marketable tree product in the area (i.e. has high price). Therefore, farmers need to be equipped by knowledge and skills to identify superior mother trees, as source of scions that accessible and need to be located locally in the nearest area. Trip report on preliminary survey on identifying Page 4 of 51 local germplasms, improved planting material and its seedling market potency


If farmers want to develop more market-oriented nursery, then an association or network will help them in marketing their seedlings. Sample case in Medan can be seen as lesson learned for farmers in Aceh, nursery operators in Medan were bounded in an association that called Aspenta (Assosiasi Penangkar Tanaman) and was formed voluntarily in 2002 for the whole nursery operators in North Sumatra province. The association builds partnership with government and research centers. From the association, nursery operators in Medan could share market information, knowledge and experience. However, forming an active association would require strong motivation from the members. In Aceh, none yet active nursery association occur, this may be due to the 3 years post-conflict and tsunami era is still premature for stakeholders in Aceh region to be connected in an association or network. Compare to Tsunami, actually the physical damaged caused by the conflict is less, but conflict has caused psychological trauma that affected farmers’ (and most stakeholders in Aceh region) willingness to do collective action. Therefore, forming an association/network is not yet a priority in the area. Farmers would need to recover their assets and livelihood first before they enter to the next steps as part of their livelihood recovery strategy. Moreover, NOEL farmers’ workshop at district level will be held in May 2008 to receive farmers’ feedback and follow up in regards with the association idea.

Other things that need to be notified if a nursery wants to be more-market oriented nursery is the seedling certification issue. Theoretically, seedling certification should be the good mechanism to control the quality of seedlings. But in reality, the procedures were acknowledged by farmers and stakeholders as need to be simplified. Therefore nursery operators will register their seedlings for certification, if they are going to sell their seedlings in big quantity (ca. >10000, usually demand from government program). Details information on the issues above is presented in the sub subject below: Objective 1. Document and evaluate indigenous sources of germplasm and

improved planting material in Aceh. Objective 2. Quantify tree seedling demand in Aceh. Objective 3. Evaluate the potential for developing an agroforestry network in Aceh. Objective 4. Evaluate the formation of a tree nursery association as a mechanism to

share knowledge and experience between and among nursery operators and traders.

Objective 5. Feasibility study on developing a seedling certification.


Objective 1. Document and evaluate indigenous sources of improved germplasm and planting material in Aceh

Improved germplasm will lead to improved tree productivity (quantity and quality), which by the end will imply to the enhancement of farmers livelihood. Improving germplasm quality can be initiated by selecting quality mother trees, and follow up by detail observation and laboratory experiments in research centre. As agriculture is the main sources of livelihood in Indonesia, government has designed mechanism to select good quality mother tree. For plantation commodity such as rubber, coffee and cacao, Indonesian government has its own research centre that improves and maintains good quality germplasm, also develops its domestication techniques. While for fruit and vegetables plants, Indonesian government has pointed BPSB to explore and support mechanism that able to guarantee the improved fruit trees and vegetable germplasm. Since 1984 to 2007, 407 varieties of 38 fruit species (346 local varieties and 61 introduced species) have been registered to BPSB as superior species (Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura, 2007). And until 2007, only still 7 varieties of 4 local species are registered to BPSB as superior indigenous species for Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province, despite of the high flora diversity occurs in Aceh. In Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province, BPSB and Dinas Pertanian have mapped sources of superior mother trees of unique fruit species/variety per district based on the most occurrence number of the tree species and fruit production per district (Figure 2.).

Currently farmers in Aceh still prefer with the introduced species as the price of the fruit is higher than the local indigenous fruit species, e.g. Aceh farmers would prefer Durian monthong than local superior Durian. Hence, price of the local varieties seedlings is not clear yet, as not much people produce and sale it. Other reason why Aceh's farmers still prefer with the introduced species/varieties is because the local indigenous species/varieties are less recognized as high quality by local farmers. None yet promotion been socialize at farmers level on the quality of superior local indigenous species. Also, Aceh’ farmers still have limited access to the Aceh's fruit varieties registered to BPSB because there is none yet Foundation Block (where those fruit varieties planted in one area for source of entress garden) per district level. Based on the discussion with BPSB North Sumatra, same situation on the farmers’ preference for introduced species is also occurred in North Sumatra (the nearest province). The different is that in North Sumatra, the Agricultural Department (Dinas Pertanian) in some district has promoted the local species as high quality species e.g. Rambutan brahrang from Binjai. The local government in Binjai has built entres garden of Rambutan brahrang that can be used by farmers who would like to produce high quality Rambutan seedlings, farmers have to pay Rp 25,00/scion to the Dinas Pertanian Binjai.

During the survey in the 3 districts, potential superior fruit species per district were identified based on discussion with BPSB, Dinas Pertanian and farmers (Table 1.). Due to limited time and large area that need to be covered during the survey also due to non fruiting seasons in most of the district (except for Tangse, Pidie), detail information about new identified local superior fruit tree species could not be collected. Follow up need to be conducted by the NOEL team at district level in identifying potential superior

species, including defining the physical criteria of the fruits (photos are necessary as prove). The potential local superior fruit species near the NOEL nursery will be an asset for the nursery operator in producing good quality seedlings. Post-Tsunami, limited info from the BPSB can be obtained, particularly on the location of mother tree and nursery that operated before the Tsunami. This due to most of the data was disappeared along with the Tsunami.

Figure 2. Unique species that are promoted per districts in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam

Province.



Table1. Potential superior fruit species per district that were identified during the survey Districts Species Local name Location Note

Manggo Kuini Kaway16 (Blambangren) and Suaknie

Registered superior mother trees mostly destroyed by Tsunami.

Aceh Barat

Durian Durian Tambo Woyla The leaves a bit similar as Durian Matahari

Durian Durian Pesantren

Panga Has not yet registered to BPSB

Durian Durian Jalo Krueng Sabee (?)

Has not yet registered to BPSB

Orange Jeruk Manis Sampoinet Not indigenous species Coffee Kopi robusta ?? Not indigenous species

Aceh Jaya

Sawo Sawo ?? Not indigenous species Durian Durian

pandeuk Tangse Has not yet registered to

BPSB Durian Durian

monthong Ule Glee Only 20 trees in ca. 1 ha

garden Gnetum Meuling padi BPP Pidie Registered to BPSB

Pidie and Pidie Jaya

Gnetum Meuling gajah BPP Pidie Registered to BPSB On the other hand, the improved germplasm of rubber and cacao can be obtained from the research centre (Sungai Putih Rubber Research Institute for rubber and Jember Cacao and Coffee Research Institute for cacao). NOEL program encourage and provide materials for farmers to establish their own entres garden in order to improve the local germplasm particularly for rubber and cacao. In Aceh Barat, currently the local government (Plantation department/Dinas Perkebunan) in collaboration with BRR is also establishing rubber entress garden in Sungai Mas, Tutut with the capacity 30,000 rubber seedlings from various clones (BPM1, BPM 921, PB340 and PB260).

Source for Improved Planting Material Based on BPSB Aceh data, until February 2008, there are 45 fruit seedlings nursery operators in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam province (Figure 3.) with species that are traded by nursery operators in Aceh: Avocado, Clove, Duku, Durian (Kani, Monthong, Sitokong, Tembaga), Orange (Giri Matang, Keprok, Nipis, Siam), Langsat, Lengkeng (Diature, Edar), Manggo (Arumanis, Gadung, Golek, Manalagi, Nambok mai, Tongdar), Mangostan, Rambutan (Binjai, Brahrang, Lebak Bulus, Nona) and Sawo.. From those 45 nurseries, only 3 nurseries that are produced seedlings by themselves. The other 42 nurseries, are buying seedlings mostly from North Sumatra and re-sells the seedlings to the local consumers. This showed how high the dependency of Aceh nursery operators to North Sumatra for source of superior planting material.

Collector ProducerNURSERY CATEGORY

Aceh BesarAceh Jaya

Aceh SelatanAceh Tamiang

Aceh TengahAceh TimurAceh Utara

Banda AcehBireun

LangsaPidie

DIS

TRIC

T

Figure 3. Distribution of nursery operators in Nanggoe Aceh Darussalam Province based on data in February 2008.

Objective 2. Quantify tree seedling demand in Aceh Based on the inception workshop of the NOEL project, farmers who were involved in the projects has 2 main purposes in producing good quality seedlings, i.e. (i) for private use and (ii) for sale. Through the NOEL project, they requested number of species and its quantity demanded seedlings produced, as in Table 2. Table 2. Number of seedlings requested for the NOEL project by farmers in the project

inception workshop at each district No Species Aceh Barat Aceh Jaya Pidie TOTAL Commodity Species 1 Rubber 35,000 79,200 NONE 114,200 2 Cacao 12,500 52,800 16,500 81,800 Fruit Species 3 Durian 14,000 40,800 54,750 109,550 4 Rambutan 9000 24,000 57,500 90,500 5 Sawo 8,100 9,600 NONE 17,700 6 Mango 4,200 28,800 41,000 74,000 7 Mangosteen NONE NONE 6,000 6,000 8 Duku 1,200 NONE 18,500 19,700 9 Citrus 5,400 4,800 5,000 15,200 10 Others 2,500 NONE 2,500 5,000 TOTAL 91,900 240,000 201,750 533,650



The expected market for the seedlings that are produced by the NOEL project are to (i) NGOs, (ii) Government programs, and (iii) local market (other farmers in the area). Hence, seedlings demand data were explored through discussion with local government, and for local consumers data were estimated through number of seedlings requested from local nursery for certification to BPSB. Based on the discussion, currently demand for seedlings in Aceh can be classified into 3 classes: (i) demand from the government routine planting program, (ii) demand from the NGO/independent organization's livelihood rehabilitation program post-tsunami and post-conflict, (iii) demand directly from farmers (local consumers). From those 3 classes, demand from the local NGO/independent organization in post-tsunami and post-conflict is less sustainable compare the other 2 classes. And most of the NGO were building their own nursery to supply their garden rehabilitation activities. Based on the interview with local government and local consumers, estimate seedlings demands per district are: (i) Aceh Barat for year 2008, demand of seedlings from Dinas Perkebunan is 600,000-

990,000 rubber seedlings and Dinas Pertanian is 10,000 durian monthong, manggo and other fruit tree seedlings. While local consumer demanded cacao and rubber of good quality seedlings, but the demand quantity is unclear.

(ii) Aceh Jaya for year 2008, demand of seedlings from Dinas Perkebunan is 3,000,000 rubber seedlings and 500,000 cacao seedlings, and from Dinas Pertanian is ca. 50,000 durian monthong, kuini, and other fruit tree seedlings. While local consumer demanded cacao and rubber seedling at least for 0.5-1 ha planting area (equal to ca. 200-500 cacao/rubber seedlings).

(iii) Pidie for 2008, demand from Dinas Perkebunan is not clear, but previously Dinas Perkebunan provide cacao seedlings for farmers. Demand from Dinas Pertanian mostly for rambutan brahrang seedlings, i.e. 1,066,800 seedlings for year 2008. While local consumer demand are 100-1000 cacao seedlings, 10-300 durian monthong/rambutan seedlings, 5000 duku seedlings and only ca. 10 other fruit species' seedlings per HH.

Information on the demanded seedling specifications per species is very limited. Most of the potential buyers were requested seedlings based on the standard specification from BPSB for fruit species and from Research Centre for cocoa and rubber.

Most demanded species in the area was analyzed via number of seedlings requested for certification to BPSB. The largest quantity requested for certification is the most demanded species in the area. Based on data of number of seedlings that requested for certification to BPSB Aceh by nursery operators in Aceh, tree species with the largest quantity requested for certification in 2008 were durian, orange and rambutan (Figure 5.). While based on the information in BPSB North Sumatra, the most demanded species are Rambutan and Durian. Based on discussion with 13 commercial nursery operators in North Sumatra, ca. 50% of their seedlings were sold to Aceh, particularly in the last 3 years.


Figure 5. Requested seedlings from nursery operators for certification to BPSB Aceh and

BPSB North Sumatra in 2008. Objective 3. Evaluate the potential for developing an agroforestry network in Aceh From discussion with local farmers, agroforestry actually has been becoming part of Aceh people life for hundreds of years. Field observation on the landuse systems showed that farmers in Aceh are practicing mixed tree based garden management (agroforestry) from year to year, with latex, coffee, cacao and fruits (Durian, Mango, Rambutan, Orange, Gnetum) as the main products. Each household own ca. 0.5-2 ha land that are managed extensively. Activities in managing kebun were almost stopped in most regions in Aceh during the conflicts between TNI and GAM that happened for almost 30 years. During the conflicts era, farmers were lack of access to garden, market and information. Agroforestry are important for the local people livelihood in Aceh region as it has become major source to improve local people livelihood of almost 70% of the farmers in the 3 districts of the NOEL project benchmarks in Aceh Province (Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat and Pidie) (Budidarsono et al, 2007). After the reconciliation phase in Aceh since 2005, farmers are beginning to intensify their abandon garden by replacing the unproductive plants. Marketplaces in the region are also started to resettle now, though currently they still Medan-dependant in marketing most of the agroforest products. Farmers actually will benefit more if they have more promising market nearby their area.

In developing an autonomous market, the market-chain status would first need to be rehabilitated by building network between farmers with farmers, farmers with traders, farmers with consumers and farmers with the governments. Farmers should work together to strengthen their political voice and their bargaining power in the market - collectives being much harder to ignore or mistreat than individuals (Macqueen et al., 2006). Hence, building informal or formal agroforestry network in Aceh region is

AvocadoBanana

Biwa

Breadfruit

CempedakDuku

Durian

Eggplant

GnetumJackf

ruit

Longan

Manggo

Mangostan

Markisa

OrangePetai

Pineapple

RambutanSawo

Snakefruit

Starfruit

Water Apple

FRUIT CATEGORY

0

100000

200000

300000

NU

MB E

R O

F S

EED

LIN

GS

AvocadoClove

DukuDurian

Fruits

Langsat

Longan

Manggo

MangostanOrange

RambutanSawo

FRUIT CATEGORY

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000N

UM

BER

OF

SEED

LIN

GS ACEH

NORTH SUMATRA


necessary for enhancing agroforest productivity that will imply to the enhancement of local people livelihood.

Unfortunately, 3 years post-conflict and tsunami era, regarding the development of an 'agroforestry network' and 'nursery association' the basic point is that in the post-conflict period: i) farmers are more strongly focused on rehabilitating their farming systems/livelihoods compared to 'collective action'; ii) networks/associations are not prioritized because currently there is no 'felt common need or advantage'; and iii) there still is a lot of distrust within the communities. The concept is premature at this point.

Compare to Tsunami, actually the physical damaged caused by the conflict is less, but conflict has caused psychological trauma that affected farmers’ (and most stakeholders in Aceh region) willingness to do collective action. Therefore, an agroforestry association/network is not yet a priority in the area. Farmers would need to recover their assets and livelihood first before they decided the next steps they would like to enter as part of their livelihood recovery strategy.

Objective 4. Evaluate the initiation of a tree nursery association formation as a mechanism to share knowledge and experience between and among nursery operators and traders.

Learning from experiences in other places (Macqueen et al., 2006; Catacutan et al., 2008), developing a market oriented enterprise may encounter problems that mostly rooted from the (i) weak social stability and cohesion, (ii) little access to capital, (iii) poor market information, (iv) weak bargaining power, (v) lack of technological know-how, (vi) geographical isolation and poor infrastructure, and (vii) lack of knowledge of administrative and business standards and procedures. Collective action is sometimes could answers those bottlenecks mentioned above and important for smallholders to break in, and gain market access. But, collective action is unlikely to sustain without effective leadership and some facilitation (in some cases even ongoing), thus requiring expenditures on repairs and maintenance through continuous technical and leadership training for the collective, and technical back-up and facilitation by an intermediary (Catacutan et al, 2008).

In concept, association as form of collective action and as part of cooperative marketing’ strategy, may help small enterprises adapt to new market opportunities and reduce their transaction costs. Cooperative marketing can be a great opportunity, and by building network, farmers will be able to teaming up with others to share skills and abilities, and moderates the workload and minimizes hassles. Cooperative marketing need to be supported not only by farmers and traders but also by government that may offers information and assistance in setting up and managing a cooperative marketing effort. Farmers and traders need to be organized in groups/ associations/ societies/ cooperatives to enhance delivery of essential services e.g. group certification, marketing of produce, solving logistical problems e.g. transport, bargaining power, etc. Government as the decision-makers should support them as a result; the most useful support tends to be responsive rather than imposed. It is usually orientated towards self-help options such as strengthening umbrella associations and improving awareness of existing support services. It often has a strong focus on providing information on


bureaucratic procedures, product design and markets, finance and technological innovation (Macqueen et al., 2006).

Lesson learned in developing nursery association can be gained from farmers in Medan (North Sumatra probince) with its Aspenta (Asosiasi Penangkar Tanaman). Currently nursery association has not yet been developed in the area. Hence, as part of the NOEL program, an association concept (non-profit farmer network group to share ideas and inspiration) was introduced to the Aceh’s farmers and stakeholders (government, cooperation group and NGO) who are interested in developing their tree nursery into more market-oriented nursery or even nursery enterprise. Explorations to know the perspective of different actors on the nursery association’ concept, were conducted through interview during the survey.

As follow up from the survey that were conducted from January to February 2008, a workshop was conducted in May 2008 to evaluate the potential for developing an agroforestry network in Aceh and the feasibility in forming a nursery association (to include pre-existing and NOEL nurseries) as a mechanism to share quality germplasm and knowledge between and among nursery operators, germplasm traders, and relevant government agencies. Detail report on the workshop can be seen in Appendix 4.

NOEL farmer groups per districts were invited to the workshop, with the objective to discuss farmer group planning and whether association concept is included in it. In the workshop, all farmers in all distritcts were agreed that it is an advantage to build marketing network between farmers in the same district or even cross district. Form of the network could be communication forum, association, or cooperation. Farmers were requested further assistance from NOEL team to facilitate them in forming the network. Different responses between districts were happened during the workshop. Only Aceh Jaya farmer groups who has concrete planning to follow up the development of Aceh Jaya farmer forum/network (Table 3.).


Tabel 3. NOEL farmer group planning and strategy based on the workshop conducted on 27-30 May 2008.

District Planning Farmer Forum Pidie and Pidie Jaya

(i) Continue the nursery with the knowledge that was gained through seri of training in the NOEL program. It is hopeful that the nursery could generate the farmer income.

(ii) Building collaboration between the NOEL nurseries in Aceh, and also collaboration with the government institution particularly that related to the seedling certification and seedling marketing issues.

(iii)Develop the marketing aspect of the nursery.

Agree to form the communication forum between farmers with the function as source of information and ease the communication with the government agencies or other stakeholders to market their seedlings.

No concrete plan on how they would form the communication forum, yet.

Aceh Barat

(i) Develop the nursery to more market oriented/commercial nursery.

(ii) Collaboration with BPSB to certificate their fruit seedlings,

(iii)Build network and partnership to market their seedlings,

(iv) Develop sub group in each of the farmer group to fullfill the seedling demand.

Agree to form the communication forum between farmers particularly with the objective for sharing information. The form of the forum can be an association, cooperation or informal network. No concrete plan on how they would form the communication forum, yet.

Aceh Jaya a. Continue the nursery and produce superior seedlings with priority for own consumption, and for sale for long term plan,

b. Expand the nursery area (both for the rootstock and budwood garden),

c. Conducted field visit to other location in order to improve their knowledge.

Agree with the communication forum between farmers that could unite the farmer groups in Aceh Jaya and could ease access to information.

The concrete form of the forum will be discussed by the small committee that was formed through the meeting. Next meeting will be conducted at BPP Aceh Jaya on 14 Juni 2008.

Objective 5. Feasibility study on developing a seedling certification. Seedling certification process is still controversial in the perception of the multistakeholders that were interviewed during the survey, due to the long process needed for certification. From farmer and nursery operator perspectives, they will put effort for the seedling certification scheme if they have nursery with demand capacity more than 10,000. Alternatives for ensuring the good quality than certification process: 1. Small capacity (less than 10000 seedlings)

No need certification as the fee and effort for the process costs much than the rate of benefit that can be gained from the selling. Potential market for this option: (i) local market (nearby neighbourhood), (ii) farmers. For this, need to build demonstration plot for production garden (ca. ½-1 ha), as in the figure below:

1/2 ha Demoplot Kebun Entres

1/2 ha Demoplot Kebun Produksi

1 ha Demoplot Kebun Produksi

2. Big capacity (more than 10000 seedlings) Need certification if they would like to go for tender under Dinas project/activities. Certification procedures may be various depend on what is requested by each institution who provide the tender. Potential market for this option: (i) local market, (ii) farmers, (iii) government institutions (particularly Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan), (iv) big project (e.g. BRR).

IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The nursery operators in Aceh are still has high dependency (ca. 90%) to Medan, North Sumatra in supplying the superior seedlings.

2. In order to fullfil the district planting program, currently the agricultural and estate crop department begin to build their own nursery for source of superior seedlings.

3. NOEL farmers willingness to sell their seedlings in this first year, ca. 80% for Aceh Barat and Aceh Jaya, and 50% for Pidie and Pidie Jaya.

4. Capacity building for farmers needs to be given particularly that related to developing market oriented nursery.

5. Detail study in developing good quality germplasm, particularly for fruit seedlings need to be conducted in the area and followed up with intense facilitation by the agricultural department in each district to build block foundation of good quality fruit germplasm.

6. Seedling certification process still controversial in the perception of the stakeholders that were interviewed, due to the long process needed for



certification. From farmer and nursery operator perspectives, they will put effort for the seedling certification scheme if they have nursery with demand capacity more than 10,000.

7. Developing communication forum between the farmer and farmer groups can be used as first step in developing the seedling market network in Aceh region.

REFERENCES DPH. 2007. Production Statistics 2002-2005, edited by C. Dinas Pertanian dan

Kehutanan, Aceh Jaya, NAD. Green, Arthur. 2007. Fruit Tree Crops and Nurseries in Aceh: A rapid Market Appraisal

of Aceh Jaya and Aceh Barat. Meulaboh, Aceh Barat, NAD. Roshetko, James and Yulianti. 2002. Pemasaran untuk hasil-hasil wanatani di tingkat

petani. Paper read at Prosiding Lokakarya Wanatani Se-Nusa Tenggara, 11-14 November 2001 at Denpasar, Bali.

UPTD Balai Perbenihan Pertanian Provinsi (UPTD-BPP) Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. 2006. Varietas unggul tanaman hortikultura yang telah dilepas Menteri Pertanian di Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.

Macqueen, D.J., Bose, S., Bukula, S., Kazoora, C., Ousman, S., Porro, N. & Weyerhaeuser, H. 2006. Working together: forest-linked small and medium enterprise associations and collective action. Gatekeeper Series No. 125. London, UK, IIED.

Budidarsono, Suseno, Wulan, Y.C., Budi, Joshi, L. and Hendratno, S., 2007.“Livelihoods and Forest Resources in Aceh and Nias for a Sustainable Forest Resource Management and Economic Progress”. ICRAF Working Paper Number 55, Bogor, World Agroforestry Centre, Indonesia.

Catacutan, D. Manuel Bertomeu, Lyndon Arbes, Novie Butra. 2008. Fluctuating Fortunes of a Collective Enterprise: the case of the Agroforestry Tree Seeds Association of Lantapan (ATSAL) in the Philippines. CAPRi working paper No. 76. IFPRI. USA. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/CAPRiWP76.


Appendix 1. Day by day trip (21Jan-28Feb08) Date Activities Participants Brief Information 22Jan08 Visit BPSB Medan, Tanjung

Morawa and Binjai in Tanjung Morawa

Team: Endri+Jusupta Other participants: Saidah (BPSB Medan), Supriyanto (Binjai), Sinaga (CV Wanabhakti)

Received list of commercial nurseries in North Sumatra from ibu Saidah (BPSB Medan) and copy of fruit seedling certification procedure

Discussion on seedling supply and demand in Medan area (with 2 big nursery in Tanjung Morawa and Binjai)

23Jan08 Visit KawayXVI (Tunas Baru and Dayah Diniyah) and Panteu Ceureumen (Ingin Maju 1&2)

Team: Endri+Pratik+Saleh Other participants: 5 farmers of Pante Ceureumen, 1 farmer of Dayah Diniyah.

Area orientation in Aceh Barat (Kaway XVI and Panteu Ceureumen)

24Jan08 Visit BPSB (Zaenuddin) Team: Endri+Pratik Other participants: Zaenuddin (BPSB)

Discussion with BPSB Aceh Barat on certification issues and sources of local germplasm and BPSB program to support good quality seedlings production by small scale farmers

25Jan08 Visit Panteu Ceureumen (Ingin Maju 1 and 2), Woyla Induk (district nursery)

Team: Endri+Andi+Saleh+Iskak+Anang Other participants: 25 farmers of Pante Ceureumen (7 females, 18 males), 15 farmers of Woyla Induk (5 females and 10 males)

Discussion with farmer groups (3 FGs) on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.

26Jan08 Visit Woyla Timur (3 nurseries+district nursery)

Team: Endri+Anang+Iskak+Pratik Other participants: 10 farmers of Giat Usaha FG, 1 farmer of Dua Sepakat FG, 1 farmer of Makmou Beurata FG (Satari)


27Jan08 Working at the office on summarizing all the collected data

Team: Endri Other participants: NONE

Compiling information from 6 FG visited in the days before.

28Jan08 Visit Bappeda (Syahril), TEARFund nursery (Deuah), Visit Cot Darat nursery

Team: Endri+Pratik+Ery+Suyit+Tumar+Margo Other participants: 1farmer of Deuah (Geuchik), 7 farmers (females) of Cot Darat


Discussion with Bappeda on good quality seedling and demand for seedling from the governments


programme. Orientation in Deuah nursery (under TEARfund’ program)

29Jan08 Visit DinasHutBun (Fachrurozi), Dinas Pertanian (Said), Dayah Darussalamah, Dayah Diniyah.

Team: Endri+Pratik+Margo+Andi+Suyit+ Ery+Saleh Other participants: Fachrurozy (Disbun), Said (Distan), Dayah Diniyah farmers (ca. 10 persons, 9 females+1male)


Discussion with Dishutbun on good quality seedling and demand for seedling from the governments programme.

Discussion with Distan on good quality seedling and demand for seedling from the governments programme.

30Jan08 Working at the office:

summarizing all the collected data

Team: Endri Other participants: none

Compiling data and information.

31Jan08 Visit KBU Dinas Pertanian, Farmer (Luder)

Team: Endri+Pratik Other participants: pak Luder’wife, KBU Panteu Ceureumen

Discussion with successful farmer (seedling trader) on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.

Visit KBU Distan at Panteu Ceureumen

1Feb08 Visit TearFund entres garden Team: Endri+Pratik+Andi+Anang+

Iskak+Suyit Other participants: Geuchik Deuah

Discussion with Geuchik Deuah on TEARfund program and its continuity in the future

2Feb08 TRIP MEULABOH-CALANG; Visit districts nursery (2 nurseries, Tuwi Kareung and Kabong)

Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas Other participants: 2 farmers of Kabong FG, 7 farmers of Tuwi Kareung


3Feb08 Visit Gunung Buloh nursery Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas

Other participants: Syamsul (Gunung Buloh) Discussion with farmer group (1 FG) on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.


4Feb08 Visit Krueng Sabee FG (Indah Jaya), Koperasi Karya Bersama (Syamsu)

Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas Other participants: Koperasi Karya Bersama (Syamsu, Surdi dan Kardi), 10 Indah Jaya FG (7 females and 3 males).

Discussion with farmer groups (1 FG) on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.

Discussion with Koperasi Karya Bersama on the seedling marketing association issue and possible cooperation between the koperasi with NOEL farmer group.

5Feb08 Visit Sampoinet FG

(Fajar1+Krueng Tho), USAID-ESP farmer

Team: Endri+Amang+Asep Other participants: 10 farmers of Fajar, 10 farmers of Krueng Tho and 1 farmer of USAID-ESP farmer.


Discussion with USAID farmer on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.

6Feb08 Visit Dinas Pertanian, Dinas

Kehutanan dan Perkebunan, Tuwi Kareung

Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas Other participants: DisTan (Ismail+Adriansyah), Dishutbun (Said+Dahlan), 10 member of Tuwi Kareung FG (9males+1female)


Discussion with Dishutbun on good quality seedling and demand for seedling from the governments programme.

Discussion with Distan on good quality seedling and demand for seedling from the governments programme.

7Feb08 Visit Gunung Mantok, Tano

Mayang, Dayah Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas Other participants: 2 farmers Gunung Mantok (1female+1male), 1 farmer Tano Mayang.


8Feb08 Visit FHI nursery, CARITAS

Sampoinet (Reuntang+Seumantok)

Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas Other participants: CARITAS (Erwin+Yayat)

Discussion with other NGO’ nurseries (FHI’ and CARITAS’) on seedling marketing issues and good quality


seedling

9Feb08 Visit Kabong FG Team: Endri+Jusupta Other participants: 4 farmers (3 female and 1 male)

Discussion with farmers on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.

10Feb08 Visit Kabong FG Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas

Other participants: 4 farmers (3 female and 1 male)

Discussion with farmers on seedling marketing issues and good quality seedling.

11Feb08 Visit Krueng Sabee (meeting with

head of Krueng Sabee subdistrict, farmers and CFK)

Team: Endri+Jusupta+Horas Other participants: Camat Krueng Sabee, CFK (10persons, 3 males+7females), Kabong FG (15 persons, 2 males and 13 females), 1 PPL Krueng Sabee subdistrict

Socialization of the NOEL program with head of Krueng Sabee subdistrict.

12Feb08 Visit Padang Tiji FG, Kunyet FG, Disbun FG, Keumala FG

Team: Endri+Jusupta+Zulfadli+Andi+Horas Other participants: 3 farmers of Padang Tiji FG (1 female, 2 males), 6 farmers of Kunyet FG, 1 farmer of Keumala FG


13Feb08 Visit Dinas Pertanian Pidie, Ulee

Gle Entres garden, Paru FG, Keumang Ulim FG, Dayah Taufiqurrahman (Meureudu), Distan FG

Team: Endri+Zulfadli Other participants: Fachrudin (Kasubdin Produksi), Nasir (Distan staff, and has nursery enterprise), 1 farmer of Paru FG (female), 2 farmers of Ulim Keumang FG, Bashri (Dayah Taufiqurrahman), 1 farmer (Distan FG).


14Feb08 Visit Tangse (2 nurseries), Geumpang (3 nurseries)

Team: Endri+Zulfadli Other participants: 2 farmers (Paya guci FG), 1 farmer (Nurul Fallah FG), 1 farmer (Nurul Fatah, Faisal), 10 farmers (3 females, 7 males, Group Mukim), 1 farmer (Nisbahul Huda al-Azijijah, Mukhtar).


15Feb08 Writing report Team: Endri Other participants: NONE

Compiling all information and data.

16Feb08 Writing report Team: Endri Compiling all information and data.


Other participants: NONE 17Feb08 Writing report Team: Endri

Other participants: NONE Compiling all information and data.

18Feb08 Visit BPSB Pidie Team: Endri+Zulfadli Other participants: Anwar (BPSB Pidie)

Discussion with BPSB Aceh Barat on certification issues and sources of local germplasm and BPSB program to support good quality seedlings

19Feb08 Trip to Banda Aceh Team: Endri Other participants: None

NONE

20Feb08 Visit BPSB and Universitas Syiah Kuala

Team: Endri+Nazar Other participants: Marwan (Ka. BPSB Aceh), Zumaidar (Kajur Biology Unsyiah)

Discussion with BPSB Aceh on certification issues and sources of local germplasm and BPSB program to support good quality seedlings. Receiving list of registered good quality fruit species in Aceh region.

Discussion with Biology Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala on the possibility for studentship of Unsyiah students at ICRAF under NOEL project.

21Feb08 Coordination Meeting Team: Endri+Jusupta+James+Nazar+ Pratiknyo+Zulfadli Haris+Marzuki Other participants: NONE

Regular discussion on issues developed so far in the NOEL project.

24Feb08 Trip to Medan Team: Endri Other participants: NONE

NONE

25Feb08 Visit Nurseries in Medan Team: Endri Other participants: Sumber Rezeki (Tumino), Tanaman Jaya (Yakub), Tani Ras (Radu Munte), Paris Garden (Paris Sembiring)

Discussion with medium to large nursery enterprises in Medan on seedling supply, demand, prices, and enterprise profil.

26Feb08 Visit Nurseries in Tanjung Morawa

Team: Endri Other participants: Trubus Indah (M. Yunus Sinaga), Usaha Mekar (Husein), Rahman’s avocado (Rahman), Mutiara Nursery (Masrizal Batubara), Rimba Cendana (Indra Buana

Discussion with medium to large nursery enterprises in Tanjung Morawa, North Sumatra on seedling supply, demand, prices, and enterprise profil.


Sinaga), Citra Lestari (Joshua Sembiring) 27Feb08 Visit Nurseries in Binjai Team: Endri

Other participants: Pusaka Nurseri (Budi Susilo, Ismail Hasan (ka Aspenta Binjai)), Mekar Tani (Suprayitno)

Discussion with medium to large nursery enterprises in Binjai, North Sumatra on seedling supply, demand, prices, and enterprise profil.

28Feb08 Trip to Bogor Team: Endri Other participants: NONE

NONE


Appendix 2. List of stakeholders met during the survey Aceh Barat No Stakeholders Contact Note 1 Dinas Kehutanan dan

Perkebunan Fachrurozi/Rasidin (081360139654)

Staff Sub dinas Perkebunan/Kepala Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan

2 Dinas Pertanian Said (0812699132)/ Helmi (085277858421)

Staff Dinas Pertanian (UTU lecturer)/Kepala Dinas Pertanian

3 BPSB Zaenuddin (085260017514)

Staff BPSB Aceh Barat

4 NOEL farmer group: a. Ingin Maju1, Pante Ceureumen ?? Head of FG b. Ingin Maju2, Pante Ceureumen ?? Head of FG c. Doa Kamou, Samatiga ?? Head of FG d. Dua Sepakat, Woyla Timur ?? Head of FG e. Makmu Beurata, Woyla Timur ?? Head of FG f. Dayah Diniyah Darussalam,

Kaway XVI ?? Head of FG

g. Dayah Darussalamah, Kaway XVI

?? Head of FG

h. Giat Usaha, Woyla Timur ?? Head of FG i. Tunas Baru, Kaway XVI ?? Head of FG j. Makmou Besare (district),

Woyla Induk ?? Head of FG

k. Susulan-1 (Yubnan), Woyla Barat

Yubnan () Private nursery (single owner)

l. Susulan-2 (Zaenal), Samatiga Zaenal () Private nursery (single owner)

m. Susulan-3 (Muslih), Kaway XVI

Muslih () Private nursery (single owner)

n. Susulan-4 (Rosmawani), Samatiga

Rosmawani () Private nursery (single owner)

o. Susulan-5 (Yusniar), Kaway XVI

Yusniar () Private nursery (single owner)

p. Susulan-6 (Husaifah), Kaway XVI

Husaifah () Private nursery (single owner)

5 Bappeda Syahril Kepala Bidang Sosial Ekonomi

6 Geuchik Deuah, Samatiga subdistrict (Tearfund)

?? Kepala desa

7 Universitas Teuku Umar Said (0812699132) Ketua Jurusan Perikanan dan Kelautan, FaPerta UTU.


Aceh Jaya No Stakeholders Contact Note 1 Dinas Kehutanan dan

Perkebunan Safri(??)/Dahlan(??) ??/Kepala Dinas Kehutanan

dan Perkebunan Aceh Jaya 2 Dinas Pertanian Ismail (??) Kepala Dinas Pertanian

Aceh Jaya 3 NOEL farmer group a. Bina Bersama, Gunung Mantok ?? Head of FG b. Dayah, Teunom ?? Head of FG c. Fajar I, Sampoinet ?? Head of FG d. Fajar II, Sampoinet ?? Head of FG e. Green Manyang, Tano Manyang ?? Head of FG f. Indah Jaya, Krueng Sabee ?? Head of FG g. Ingin Maju, Gunung Buloh ?? Head of FG h. Krueng Tho, Sampoinet ?? Head of FG i. Tuwi Kareung, Panga ?? Head of FG j. Nasib(Susulan), Sampoinet ?? Head of FG 4 CFK (Helping hands foundation) ?? CFK staffs 5 CARITAS Erwin (?)/Yayat (?) CARITAS staffs 6 USAID-ESP Leman Farmer 7 FHI FHI farmers at Lhok

Geleumpang Farmer

8 Koperasi Karya Bersama Syamsu/Surdi/Kardi Ketua/Bendahara/ Sekertaris Koperasi Karya Bersama

Pidie No Stakeholders Contact (no. telephone) Note 1 Dinas Pertanian Pidie Fachrudin () Kasubdin Produksi 2 NOEL farmer group a. Pante Jaya, Padang Tiji ?? Head of FG b. Pemuda Tani, Kunyet, Padang

Tiji ?? Head of FG

c. Keumang Titeue, Titeu Keumala ?? Head of FG d. Keumang Ulim, Ulim ?? Head of FG e. Saboh Taloe Allue Drin, Disbun,

Titeu Keumala ?? Head of FG

f. Beuna Beurata, Paru cot, Bandar Baru

?? Head of FG

g. Nurul Fallah Tangse, Blang Jeurat, Tangse

?? Head of FG

h. Darul Hidayah Paya Guci, Paya Guci, Tangse

?? Head of FG


i. Nurul Fata Geumpang, Bangkeh, Geumpang

?? Head of FG

j. Nisbahul Huda Al- Azijiyah, Bangkeh, Geumpang

?? Head of FG

k. Lembah Peut Sagoe, Bangkeh, Geumpang

?? Head of FG

3 BPSB Pidie Anwar () Head of BPSB Pidie 4 Nursery owner Nasir () Private nursery and also

Distan Pidie’staff 5 Universitas Jabal Gafur Bukhari () Agronomy lecturer and

also NOEL’ Farmer specialist

6 Dayah Taufiqurrahman ?? ?? Banda Aceh No Stakeholders Contact (no. telephone) Note 1 BPSB Aceh Marwan Kepala BPSB Aceh 2. Syiah Kuala University Zumaidar (08126962251) Ketua Jurusan Biology,

Unsyiah Medan No Stakeholders Contact (no. telephone) Note 1 BPSB SUMUT Saidah Rahbi Kepala seksi Sertifikasi 2 Asosiasi Penangkar Tanaman

(Aspenta) Sumatra Utara Ismail Hasan Wakil Aspenta

Sumut/Ketua Aspenta Binjai

3 Nurseries a. CV. Wanabhakti Syamsul Sinaga/Syarifah

(08126571683) Tanjung Morawa

b. CV. Usaha Mekar Husein (081370078019) Tanjung Morawa c. Rahman’s avocado Rahman (081370014617) Tanjung Morawa d. Ridho Tani Suprianto (08126326242/

08192089443) Binjai

e. CV. Pusaka Nurseri Budi Susilo (061-8820603; 061-77850490) /Ismail Hasan

Binjai

f. Kelompok Tani Mandiri/CV. Mekar Tani

Suprayitno (081362277370)

Binjai

g. CV. Paris Garden Paris Sembiring (see picture)

Medan

h. UD. Tani Ras Radu Munthe/Christopher (061-8360055/ 081361606232)

Medan

i. CV. Tanaman Jaya Yakub (061-7852775) Medan


j. CV. Sumber Rezeki Tumino (081361483156) Medan k UD. Citra Lestari Joshua Sembiring

(08126311003) Tanjung Morawa

l CV. Rimba Cendana Indra Buana Sinaga (081362038747/ 081396114947)

Tanjung Morawa

m. CV. Mutiara Nursery Ir. Masrizal Batubara, MMA (061-7943738)

Tanjung Morawa

n. CV. Trubus Indah M. Yunus Sinaga (061-7947545)

Tanjung Morawa


Appendix 3. Key questions in the preliminary survey on local germplasms, improved planting material and its seedling market potency in Aceh and North Sumatra region.

Respondents Key Questions NOEL farmer groups, other farmers who also owned tree seedling nursery

1. What are you going to do with the seedling you have planted in the nursery? a) If to plant, where will it be planted? And with what system? b) If to sell, where to sell? How many you would sell, what is the

species, and how much is the price, and what are the constraints in selling the seedlings?

2. If you produce the seedling yourself, what kind of propagation technique do you use? Where do you get the materials?

3. How many seedlings produced from your nursery? And what are the species/variety?

4. What do you think about nursery association? 5. What do you think about nursery marketing network? 6. What do you think about seedling certification? 7. What are your group’ plans for the nursery after the NOEL program

finished?

Local Government agencies (Dinas Pertanian, Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan)

1. Is tree planting becoming part of your institution planning program? If YES, how routine is it? And how small scale farmers’ involvement in your institution planting program?

2. What tree species you would like to plant in your program? 3. How many seedlings do you need for your planting program? 4. When are you planning to plant those seedlings? 5. From where are you planning to have the seedling:

(a) If you buy the seedling, from where do you get the seedling, what is the price, how many and how is its quality?

(b) If you produce the seedling yourself, where is the nursery, what kind of propagation technique do you use, and from where do you get the materials?

6. How to control quality seed-seedling? 7. How do your program linked to BPSB and universities? 8. What do you think about nursery association? 9. What do you think about nursery marketing network? 10. What do you think about seedling certification?

BPSB and universities

1. What is your current institution program/activities? And how it is implemented and linked with Dinas Pertanian’ program?

2. How are the fruit tree nursery’ distribution in your region? 3. How is the seedling marketing channel in your region? 4. How to control quality seed-seedling? 5. What do you think about nursery association?


6. What do you think about nursery marketing network? 7. What do you think about seedling certification? 8. What is the most favourite unique indigenous tree variety or species in

the area? (before and after Tsunami) 9. Where is the origin location of favourite species/variety in the area? 10. Did Tsunami affect the condition and number of mother tree available in

the area? If YES, how is the condition?

Commercial nurseries

1. Profile of the enterprise (name of the enterprise, name of the owner, type of nursery ownership, year when the enterprise start, address, phone number, area)

2. How much is the price of the seedlings produced? 3. What are the species and or variety of the seedlings sells from the

nursery? (a) If you buy the seedling, from where do you get the seedling, what is the price, for how much and how is its quality? (b) If you produce the seedling yourself, what kind of propagation technique do you use? Where do you get the material?

4. What is the marketable-seedling age? 5. How is the nursery production and demand trend in the last 5 years?

(detail record if any) 6. How is condition of the selling Vs the available supply? 7. How is the seedling marketing channel in the area? 8. How to control quality seed-seedling? 9. Is there any time limitation or number of seedlings if we want to order

the seedling? 10. Who are the buyers? 11. What do you think about nursery association? 12. What do you think about nursery marketing network? 13. What do you think about seedling certification?

NGOs 1. Is tree planting becoming part of your institution planning program? If YES: (a) What kind of program do you have developed so far? (b) How many seedlings do you need for your planting program? (c) How do you get the seedlings?

(i) If you buy the seedling, from where do you get the seedling, what is the price, for how much and how is its quality?

(ii) If you produce the seedling yourself, what kind of propagation technique do you use? Where do you get the material?

(d) Is there any specific criteria of the seedlings you are planning to use? 2. Is building tree seedling nursery becoming part of your institution

program? If YES:


(a) What are the species and or varieties of the seedlings produced from the nursery? And how it is produced?

(b) How much is the capacity? (c) Who managed the nursery? And how it can be managed? (d) Are the seedlings that produced for planting purpose or for sale? If

for sale, where is the market and is there any agent? 3. What do you think about nursery association? 4. What do you think about seedling certification?

Cooperation organization

1. Is tree planting becoming part of your institution planning program? If yes, what program do you have developed or planned so far?

2. What do you think about nursery association? 3. What do you think about nursery marketing network? 4. What do you think about seedling certification?


Appendix 4. Workshop report that was conducted in May 2008 SILATURAHMI PETANI NOEL: MENUJU KEMANDIRIAN DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN Endri Martini, Jusupta Tarigan, Pratiknyo Purnomosidhi, Teuku Zulfadli, Nazar Idris, Mahyuddin, Mulus M, Said, Anang Setiawan, Andi Prahmono, Soleh S, Iskak, Haris A, Horas Napitupulu, Asep, Nandar, James Roshetko

DASAR PEMIKIRAN Gempa Bumi yang dahsyat pada 9 Skala Richter dan diikuti dengan Tsunami yang melanda Aceh pada 26 Desember 2004 telah meluluhlantakkan beberapa daerah Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam dan menelan korban jiwa lebih kurang 200.000 jiwa disamping itu juga konflik yang telah berlangsung selama lebih kurang 30 tahun telah banyak mengubah beberapa tatanan kehidupan dan penghidupan yang ada, dari mulai infrastruktur, model sosial sampai ke sumber-sumber penghidupan masyarakat setempat. Perubahan sosial yang terjadi, berpengaruh terhadap akses masyarakat kepada pendidikan dan kesempatan pasar dalam konteks penghidupan. Tiga tahun setelah tsunami, dan 2,5 tahun setelah penanda tanganan MoU antara pihak GAM (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka) dengan Pemerintah Indonesia yg ditandatangani di Helsinki Finlandia, dengan kondisi aman dan damai yg telah didapat masyarakat korban tsunami dan konflik telah berusaha memulihkan kondisi yang ada. Bantuan dan dukungan dari berbagai organisasi (Nasional dan Internasional) dan Pemerintah diberikan pada komunitas untuk merehabilitasi area yang terkena tsunami dan yang berdampaknya. Akan tetapi, bantuan akan semakin berkurang dengan berjalannya waktu dan mulai sekarang masyarakat harus mulai mandiri dengan kembali menghidupkan mata pencaharian mereka yang telah digeluti sebelum tsunami. Agribisnis merupakan salah satu alternatif penghidupan yang sebelum tsunami telah digeluti masyarakat dan memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan kembali pada era setelah tsunami dan konflik.

Secara sejarah, Aceh cukup terkenal dengan sistem budidaya tanaman campur antara buah-buahan dan tanaman keras, sehingga "agroforest” atau kebun campur atau dalam bahasa lokal sering disebut “deumpeu na” memegang peranan penting untuk penghidupan masyarakat. Sebelum tsunami, hasil dari tanaman keras (seperti pinang, kelapa, kakoa, karet, kelapa sawit ) dipasarkan ke Medan, disamping itu juga untuk tanaman buah-buahan (seperti Jeruk, Mangga, Durian, Langsat, Rambutan) yang berasal dari kebun masyarakat telah mampu menyuplai kebutuhan permintaan pada pasar-pasar regional, Banda Aceh dan bahkan Medan. Oleh karena itu, program-program yang dilakukan oleh berbagai organisasi yang ingin kembali membangun daerah yang terkena dampak tsunami dan konflik di Aceh, memfokuskan kegiatannya pada rehabilitasi agribisnis. Dan untuk tahap awal dalam merehabilitasi agribisnis tersebut, organisasi-organisasi tersebut secara spesifik lebih tertuju pada mendukung pembangunan pembibitan tanaman keras dan peningkatan kualitas bibit. Bibit-bibit yang diproduksi dari pembibitan-pembibitan skala kecil tersebut dapat digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bibit masyarakat maupun kebutuhan program pemerintahan khususnya di bidang kehutanan (Gerhan) dan pertanian.


Untuk mendukung proses rehabilitasi agribisnis yang sedang berlangsung di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam tersebut, sejak April 2007, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) bekerjasama dengan Winrock Internasional dengan didanai oleh agensi pemerintahan Kanada untuk pembangunan (Canadian International Development Agency/CIDA) melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan di bawah program Pembibitan Tanaman Unggul (NOEL-Nursery of Excellence) yang dilakukan di 4 kabupaten (Aceh Barat, Aceh Jaya, Pidie dan Pidie Jaya) dengan tujuan untuk memfasilitasi dan bekerja bersama petani dan komunitas yang tertarik dengan pengembangan pembibitan tanaman unggul yang bisa dijadikan induk (mother nursery) untuk pengembangan pembibitan selanjutnya. Program-program pelatihan, fasilitasi dan konstruksi pembibitan pun dilakukan sebagai media untuk belajar bersama. Petani menyambut dengan penuh rasa ingin tahu kegiatan NOEL ini dengan 3 motivasi utama, yaitu 1) Mengetahui proses pembuatan bibit unggul 2) Memproduksi bibit unggul untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sendiri, dan 3) Membangun usaha pembibitan untuk orientasi pasar.

Untuk bisa menjadi pelaku langsung sebagai penyuplai bibit yang berorientasi pasar, perlu ada kerjasama baik secara informasi, pengetahun dan jaringan antar petani maupun dengan pihak pemerintah atau pihak lainnya. Salah satu pendekatan untuk mendukung proses sinkronisasi tersebut dapat dilakukan dalam 2 tahap, yaitu: (i) membangun jaringan antar petani, dan (ii) membangun jaringan kerja sama pemasaran bibit tanaman keras dengan berbagai pihak yang terkait, terutama dengan pemerintah lokal sebagai salah satu pihak yang berperan dalam keberlanjutan bisnis pembibitan petani untuk jangka panjangnya. Untuk dapat membangun jaringan antar petani tersebut kegiatan musyawarah petani ini dilakukan dengan diawali oleh proses mempererat tali silaturahmi antar petani NOEL. TUJUAN YANG INGIN DICAPAI 1. Merancang dan membangun forum silaturahmi petani NOEL sebagai tempat berbagi

pengalaman, informasi dan pengetahuan tentang pengembangan pembibitan jenis unggul berorientasi pasar demi mendukung keberlanjutan penghidupan masyarakat dan lingkungan.

2. Berbagi hasil survey yang sudah dilakukan oleh tim NOEL-ICRAF dan petani dari hasil kunjungan lapangan yang telah dilakukan oleh perwakilan kelompok tani ke luar provinsi Nanggroe Aceh darussalam

3. Identifikasi strategi tindak lanjut yang disetujui semua pihak untuk mengembangkan kewirausahaan pembibitan jenis unggul demi mendukung keberlanjutan penghidupan masyarakat dan lingkungan.

4. Seleksi kelompok tani yang berkompeten menjadi operator dari tree nursery enterprise di masa mendatang.

WAKTU, LOKASI DAN PESERTA Kegiatan ini diorganisir oleh World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) di bawah program NOEL, dan dilaksanakan di tiga lokasi, yaitu di Sigli-Pidie (27 Mei 2008), Meulaboh-Aceh Barat (29 Mei 2008) dan Calang-Aceh Jaya (30 Mei 2008). Musyawarah dilakukan selama 1 hari (mulai jam 09.00 sampai jam 16.30) per lokasi dengan total jumlah peserta sebanyak 104 orang dengan sekitar 23% perempuan (Tabel 1). Detail daftar peserta yang hadir pada musyawarah ini dapat dilihat pada Lampiran 1-3.


Tabel 1. Jumlah peserta per masing-masing kabupaten pada musyawarah petani Aceh pada 27-30 Mei 2008.

Jumlah Peserta Kabupaten Lokasi

Musyawarah Lelaki Perempuan Keterangan

Pidie dan Pidie Jaya

Aula Dinas Pertanian, Pidie

29 9 Semua yang hadir adalah petani NOEL. Hadir juga 1 orang perwakilan dari Dinas Perkebunan dan 1 orang dari Dinas Pertanian.

Aceh Barat Aula Dinas Transmigrasi dan Tenaga Kerja, Aceh Barat

28 8 Semua yang hadir adalah petani NOEL. Tidak ada perwakilan dari Dinas.

Aceh Jaya Aula Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian Aceh Jaya

32 6 Peserta yang hadir adalah petani NOEL, petani CARDI, petani CARITAS, petani KOTIB, 1 orang perwakilan Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan, 1 orang dari Koperasi Karya Bersama Aceh Jaya dan 2 orang petani binaan Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian Aceh Jaya.

ALUR MUSYAWARAH Musyawarah dilakukan per masing-masing kabupaten dengan pendekatan informal. Secara umum agenda dari musyawarah tersebut meliputi perkenalan antar anggota kelompok tani, diseminasi hasil kegiatan survey potensi pembibitan yang berorientasi pasar di Aceh dan diseminasi informasi dari hasil kunjungan lapangan yang telah dilakukan petani NOEL ke Muara Bungo dan Bogor. Kegiatan diseminasi hasil tersebut diharapkan dapat mendukung potensi pengembangan forum petani demi memperlancar pemasaran bibit. Acara Lomba Cerdas Terampil Petani juga dilakukan untuk mengakrabkan para petani (ice-breaking) dan juga untuk memotivasi petani memperlancar keterampilan melakukan perbanyakan vegetatif sehingga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas jumlah bibit yang dapat diproduksi petani. Pada akhir kegiatan dilakukan diskusi untuk merancang rencana tindak lanjut petani sejak bulan Juni 2008 sampai bulan November 2008 atau bahkan sampai setelah proyek NOEL ditutup. Diskusi difokuskan pada 2 pertanyaan utama yang harus dijawab: (i) Apa rencana tindak lanjut petani pembibitan selanjutnya?, (ii) Perlukah dibentuk forum silaturahmi petani untuk mendukung pemasaran bibit? Jika perlu, seperti apa bentuknya dan apa saja kegiatannya?. Hasil dari diskusi tersebut diharapkan dapat ditindaklanjuti oleh pihak-pihak terkait, yaitu petani, pemerintahan, dan pihak lainnya. ICRAF akan mencoba memfasilitasi hasil dari diskusi tersebut setidaknya sampai November 2008. Dalam melaksanakan musyawarah ini masing-masing kabupaten memiliki


keunikan alur musyawarah yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi dan situasi peserta. Detail agenda pada setiap kabupaten tertera di Lampiran 4-6. HASIL MUSYAWARAH A. PIDIE DAN PIDIE JAYA

Sesi 1. Diseminasi hasil kegiatan NOEL Diseminasi hasil diawali dengan penyampaian kesan dari hasil kunjungan lapangan petani NOEL di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya ke Bogor pada April 2008. Dua petani (M.Yunus dan Zuwairiah) menyampaikan opini mereka tentang kunjungan ke Bogor dan apa saja yang telah mereka lakukan sepulang dari Bogor. Baik Bapak M. Yunus maupun Ibu Afnidar menerangkan bahwa sepulangnya dari Bogor, beliau menyadari ada banyak alternatif sumber penghidupan yang selama ini belum terpikirkan ternyata berpotensial meningkatkan pendapatan petani di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya, seperti budidaya jamur, pupuk organik dari sekam padi. Mereka juga terkesan dengan kebun buah-buahan yang dikunjungi, yang memiliki produktivitas lebih tinggi dari kebun para petani di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya. Penyampaian hasil survey potensi pengembangan pembibitan berorientasi pasar dan fungsi forum silaturahmi dilakukan oleh Endri Martini (Agroforestry Tree Specialist, ICRAF). Presentasi diarahkan pada hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan bersama jika akan mengembangkan pembibitan ke arah komersial dan bagaimana forum silaturahmi antar petani dapat mendukung kelancaran pengembangan bisnis pembibitan. Untuk kasus di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya, berdasarkan hasil survey, 50% petani di Sigli berencana untuk menjual bibit yang mereka produksi, untuk daerah perbukitan (Tangse dan Geumpang) untuk saat ini masih mau menanam bibit yang mereka hasilkan di kebun mereka sendiri. Diskusi terbuka dilakukan pada akhir sesi 1 ini. Tiga pertanyaan diajukan oleh peserta seperti yang tertera pada Tabel 2. Pertanyaan selain diajukan pada NOEL deputy (Nazar Idris), District Coordinator Pidie dan Pidie Jaya (Teuku Zulfadli) dan Endri Martini, juga diajukan pada pihak Dinas Pertanian dan Dinas Perkebunan dan Kehutanan yang perwakilannya hadir. Dari Dinas hanya menegaskan bahwa akan mendukung kegiatan petani dalam pengembangan pembibitan yang berorientasi pasar. Tabel 2. Pertanyaan yang diajukan pada sesi diskusi terbuka pada musyawarah petani Pidie dan

Pidie Jaya pada 27 Mei 2008

No Pertanyaan Jawaban dari ICRAF 1 Setelah program NOEL ditutup,

apakah kami mampu meneruskan program pembibitan ini? Adakah pihak lain yang akan meneruskan kegiatan ini setelah ICRAF?

Sementara ini belum diketahui pihak organisasi lain yang akan meneruskan fasilitasi kegiatan pembibitan seperti yang dilakukan NOEL. Mungkin dari pihak Dinas dapat meneruskan fasilitasi kegiatan pembibitan ini. Keberlanjutan program pembibitan ini tidak tergantung pada proyek NOEL, tapi lebih ke kemampuan dan ketertarikan yang kuat dari pelaku pembibit untuk melanjutkan dan


menerapkan ilmu yang telah diperoleh dari hasil fasilitasi ICRAF-NOEL.

2 Adakah rencana ICRAF untuk mengadakan pelatihan pengelolaan kebun?

Hal ini akan dibicarakan pada rapat bulanan tim NOEL berikutnya di bulan Juni 2008.

3 Bagaimana prosedur untuk mendapatkan sertifikat bibit buah-buahan?

Selain yang sudah dijelaskan pada presentasi, prosedur sertifikasi bibit buah-buahan dapat diperoleh dengan mengunjungi BPSB Pidie.

Sesi 2. Lomba Cerdas Terampil Petani Untuk di Pidie, materi yang dilombakan adalah teknik perbanyakan vegetatif pada tanaman durian dengan metode okulasi dan sambung. Bibit durian yang akan disambung dan diokulasi diperoleh dari masing-masing kelompok tani (3 bibit per kelompok tani). Peserta dikelompokkan menjadi 4 cluster: 1. Kelompok Tangse-Geumpang (10 orang dari 5 kelompok tani) dinilai oleh Mulus (Nursery

specialist, ICRAF) 2. Kelompok Keumala-Padang Tiji (6 orang dari 3 kelompok tani) dinilai oleh Said (Farmer

specialist, ICRAF) 3. Kelompok Bandar baru-Ulim (6 orang dari 3 kelompok tani) dinilai oleh Mahyuddin (Nursery

specialist, ICRAF) 4. Kelompok Spontaneus (2 orang) dinilai oleh Bukhari (Farmer specialist, ICRAF) Penilaian dilakukan oleh tim NOEL Pidie (nursery specialist dan farmer specialist) dengan kriteria: ketepatan (kebersihan dan kerapian), kecepatan (rata-rata kecepatan mengokulasi dan menyambung per orang dalam satu tim) dan kekompakan tim. Hasil dari lomba ini adalah:

1. Juara 1: Kelompok Tangse Geumpang mendapat 5 gunting stek dan 10 kaos NOEL 2. Juara 2: Kelompok Keumala-Padang Tiji mendapat 3 pisau okulasi dan 6 kaos NOEL 3. Juara 3: Kelompok Spontaneous mendapat 2 pisau okulasi 4. Juara 4: Kelompok Bandar baru-Ulim tidak mendapat hadiah

Pembelajaran yang diperoleh petani dari kegiatan ini adalah aspek kebersihan dan kerapian menjadi faktor utama yang akan mendukung keberhasilan perbanyakan vegetatif untuk menghasilkan bibit unggul.

Sesi 3. Diskusi untuk Rencana Tindak Lanjut

Peserta dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok besar (cluster), yaitu cluster Tangse-Geumpang, cluster Keumala-Padang Tiji, cluster Bandar baru-Ulim. Masing-masing cluster mendiskusikan 2 pertanyaan yang diajukan terkait dengan rencana tindak lanjut dan pendapat tentang perlunya forum komunikasi petani pembibitan. Diskusi di cluster Tangse-Geumpang dipimpin oleh Mulus, cluster Keumala-Padang Tiji dipimpin oleh Said dan cluster Bandar Baru-Ulim dipimpin oleh Bukhari. Hasil diskusi per cluster kemudian dipresentasikan di forum musyawarah untuk mendapatkan input. Detail hasil diskusi per cluster seperti yang tertera pada Lampiran 7.


Secara umum, kesimpulan dari hasil diskusi adalah:

1. Rencana tindak lanjut dari petani NOEL Pidie dan Pidie Jaya: (i) Melanjutkan pembibitan dengan ilmu yang telah diterima melalui program NOEL,

dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan rumah tangga. (ii) Membangun kerjasama antar pembibitan NOEL, dan juga dengan instansi

pemerintahan terutama terkait dengan masalah sertifikasi bibit dan kelancaran pemasaran.

(iii)Mengembangkan ke aspek pemasaran. 2. Sepakat menyatakan perlu membentuk forum komunikasi antar petani yang berfungsi

sebagai: (i) sumber informasi dan (ii) mempermudah komunikasi dengan Dinas atau pasar. Bentuk dari forum tersebut sementara belum terpikirkan, bentuk sederhana dari awalnya adalah dengan membangun jaringan antar petani NOEL. Bentuk berikutnya bisa juga berupa badan koperasi.

B. ACEH BARAT

Sesi 1. Diseminasi hasil kegiatan NOEL

Sesi ini diawali dengan presentasi dari Endri Martini dengan arahan ke pengembangan pembibitan berorientasi pasar dan fungsi forum silaturahmi. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan diseminasi hasil kunjungan lapangan petani Aceh Barat ke Muara Bungo dilakukan dengan menayangkan film berdurasi 30 menit yang dibuat oleh tim ICRAF NOEL Meulaboh. Setelah penayangan film, pemaparan kesan selama melakukan kunjungan ke Muara Bungo dilakukan oleh Bapak Hamdan dari kelompok Ingin Maju 1. Kelompok tani cukup terkesan dengan produktivitas kebun karet petani Muara Bungo, dan lebih terkesan lagi melihat pasar lelang karet yang diterapkan di Muara Bungo. Melalui pasar lelang, petani belajar menilai kualitas karet yang memiliki harga tertinggi, dan akan memproduksi karet berkualitas tinggi untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang maksimum. Selama kunjungan di Muara Bungo, petani dibekali ilmu dari mulai pembibitan karet sampai pemasarannya oleh tim ICRAF Muara Bungo dan Petugas Penyuluh Lapangan (PPL) Dinas Perkebunan Muara Bungo.

Diskusi terbuka dilakukan setelah presentasi dari hasil kunjungan lapangan ke Muara Bungo. Beberapa pertanyaan yang diajukan seperti yang tertera pada Tabel 3, dijawab oleh Deputy NOEL, District Coordinator Aceh Barat (Pratiknyo Purnomosidhi) dan Endri Martini. Pertanyaan yang diajukan petani di Aceh Barat hampir sama dengan apa yang ditanyakan juga oleh petani Pidie dan Pidie Jaya.

Tabel 3. Daftar pertanyaan yang diajukan petani pada musyawarah di Meulaboh pada tanggal 29 Mei 2008

No Pertanyaan Jawaban dari ICRAF 1 Setelah program NOEL

ditutup, akankah ada pihak lain yang akan meneruskan kegiatan ini?

Sementara ini belum teridentifikasi pihak yang akan meneruskan program pembibitan yang sama dengan ICRAF. Untuk sementara mungkin kita bisa meminta bantuan dari pihak Dinas untuk memfasilitasi dan mendukung pengembangan pembibitan yang telah dilakukan oleh petani


NOEL di Aceh Barat. 2 Adakah rencana ICRAF untuk

mengadakan pelatihan pengelolaan kebun?

Hal ini akan dibicarakan pada rapat bulanan tim NOEL berikutnya di bulan Juni 2008.

Sesi 2. Diskusi untuk Rencana Tindak Lanjut

Peserta dikelompokkan ke dalam 2 kelompok besar (cluster), yaitu cluster Samatiga-Woyla dan cluster Panteu Ceureumen-Kaway XVI. Diskusi dilakukan pada masing-masing cluster dengan langkah pertama mengidentifikasi rencana tindak lanjut per kelompok tani, kemudian disimpulkan menjadi rencana tindak lanjut per cluster. Sedangkan diskusi tentang forum silaturahmi dilakukan dengan melihat potensinya jika dikembangkan per cluster untuk tahap awalnya. Masing-masing cluster memaparkan hasil diskusi yang telah dilakukan ke forum. Detail hasil diskusi dapat dilihat pada Lampiran 8. Secara umum kesimpulan dari hasil diskusi adalah:

2. Rencana Tindak Lanjut: (i) mengembangkan dan meningkatkan usaha pembibitan unggul ke arah komersial, (ii) melakukan sertifikasi bibit tanaman buah dari BPSB, (iii)mencari jaringan dan kemitraan untuk pemasaran, (iv) membuat sub kelompok pada masing-masing kelompok tani untuk mencukupi

kebutuhan bibit.

3. Forum silaturahmi petani Petani di kedua cluster merasa sangat perlu membentuk forum komunikasi antar petani NOEL dengan tujuan untuk saling menukar informasi. Bentuk forumnya bisa berupa asosiasi, koperasi atau dalam bentuk jaringan. Kegiatannya berupa pertemuan rutin (bisa berupa pertemuan setiap 2 bulan sekali dengan lokasi pertemuan yang digilir) untuk menyusun program kerja atau rencana tindak lanjut forum.

C. ACEH JAYA Musyawarah petani di Aceh Jaya diawali dengan menggali informasi tentang harapan peserta terhadap musyawarah yang akan dijalaninya selama 1 hari penuh. Peserta diberi metaplan untuk menuliskan harapannya masing-masing dari musyawarah ini. Berdasarkan hasil pengklasifikasian harapan-harapan peserta, dapat disimpulkan harapan peserta:

1. Terbentuk kerjasama dengan Dinas untuk kemajuan pembibitan (5 suara) 2. Tambahan bibit untuk karet dan coklat (4 suara) 3. Saling berbagi pengalaman dan ilmu tentang pembibitan (9 suara) 4. Membentuk forum silaturahmi untuk mendukung pemasaran (7 suara) 5. ICRAF-NOEL tetap di Aceh Jaya (7 suara)

Partisipan yang hadir di Aceh Jaya berbeda dengan di kedua lokasi musyawarah lainnya. Di Aceh Jaya, tidak hanya petani NOEL yang hadir akan tetapi ada juga peserta dari petani binaan LSM lainnya seperti CARITAS, CARDI dan KOTIB. Perwakilan Dinas Kehutanan dan


Perkebunan dan ketua Koperasi Karya Bersama Aceh Jaya juga ikut berkontribusi dan mengawal proses musyawarah petani pembibitan di Aceh Jaya ini. Sesi 1. Diseminasi hasil kegiatan NOEL Diseminasi hasil kegiatan NOEL di Aceh Jaya diawali dengan presentasi hasil kunjungan lapangan petani NOEL Aceh Jaya ke Muara Bungo, Jambi oleh Bapak Hasan dari Ingin Jaya dan Bapak Tengku Muntasir dari Krueng Tho. Mereka menerangkan tentang produktivitas kebun karet di Muara Bungo yang bisa mencapai 100-200 kg/ha dibandingkan dengan produktivitas kebun karet di Aceh Jaya yang rata-rata hanya menghasilkan 25-50 kg/ha. Mereka juga terkesan dengan sistem pasar lelang yang memungkinkan petani mendapatkan harga lebih tinggi jika dia mampu memproduksi karet dengan kualitas yang bermutu. Selain itu, petani Aceh Jaya terkesan dengan kekompakan yang dapat dibina oleh kelompok tani di Muara Bungo. Petani Aceh Jaya pergi ke Muara Bungo pada waktu yang bersamaan dengan petani Aceh Barat, yang selama kunjungannya mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang kebun karet dari mulai pembibitan, penanaman, pengendalian penyakit sampai pemasarannya yang diberikan oleh tim ICRAF Muara Bungo. Setelah presentasi dari petani Aceh Jaya, seperti halnya yang sudah dilakukan di Sigli dan Meulaboh, Endri Martini mempresentasikan hasil survey yang telah dilakukannya pada bulan Januari-Februari 2008 (Lampiran 10.). Pemaparan difokuskan pada potensi pengembangan pembibitan berorientasi pasar dan fungsi forum silaturahmi di Aceh Jaya.

Sesi ini diakhiri dengan diskusi terbuka. Detail pertanyaan dan jawaban pada diskusi tersebut seperti yang tertera di Tabel 4. District Coordinator Aceh Jaya (Jusupta Tarigan), Endri Martini dan perwakilan dari Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan Aceh Jaya merespon beberapa pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh petani NOEL dan non NOEL. Tabel 4. Daftar pertanyaan yang diajukan petani pada musyawarah di Calang, 30 Mei 2008

No Pengaju pertanyaan

Pertanyaan Jawaban dari ICRAF dan Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan

1 Petani perwakilan dari CARITAS

Mengapa hanya buah-buahan, karet dan coklat saja yang dikembangkan NOEL di Aceh Jaya? Mengapa NOEL tidak mengembangkan cengkeh?

District coordinator NOEL Aceh Jaya menjelaskan bahwa pemilihan jenis tersebut dilakukan secara partisipatif oleh petani NOEL pada lokakarya yang diadakan pada awal proyek NOEL. Cengkeh pada saat ini tidak menjadi pilihan petani Aceh Jaya.

Sesi 2. Lomba Cerdas Terampil Petani Materi lomba cerdas terampil petani Aceh Jaya ini adalah teknik okulasi pada tanaman karet dan durian. Masing-masing kelompok tani mengirimkan 2 orang perwakilannya untuk melakukan okulasi karet (1 orang) dan okulasi durian (1 orang). Peserta dari kelompok NOEL perseorangan melakukan sendiri kedua okulasi karet dan durian tersebut. Perwakilan Dinas Kehutanan dan Perkebunan dan perwakilan petani KOTIB yang belum pernah melakukan okulasi juga mengikuti perlombaan ini.


Kriteria penilaian perlombaan ini adalah kerapian membalut, ketepatan membuka jendela, dan ketepatan menempatkan mata entres. Juri yang menilai: farmer specialists (Nandar, Asep dan Horas) dan nursery specialist (Haris). Dari 20 orang yang mengikuti lomba ini, maka pemenangnya: (a) Okulasi karet: Sulaeman (Green Manyang) dan Samsul (Gunung Buloh) (b) Okulasi Durian: Sulaeman (Green Manyang), Murdani (Payo Baru), Aisyiah (Indah Jaya) Penjelasan tentang penilaian yang dilakukan oleh juri diterangkan oleh farmer specialist (Asep untuk okulasi durian dan Horas untuk okulasi karet). Pembelajaran yang diperoleh dari perlombaan ini adalah, para petani masih harus belajar lebih berhati-hati dalam melakukan okulasi, terutama memperhatikan masalah kerapian dan kebersihan yang menjadi inti untuk kesuksesan produksi bibit unggul dengan perbanyakan vegetatif. Sesi 3. Diskusi untuk Rencana Tindak Lanjut Peserta dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok besar (cluster) yang keanggotaan per kelompok disusun secara acak. Diskusi dilakukan pada masing-masing cluster selama 1 jam. Perwakilan dari masing-masing cluster mempresentasikan hasil diskusi ke forum untuk input lebih lanjut. Detail informasi hasil diskusi pada masing-masing cluster dapat dilihat pada Lampiran 9. Secara umum, kesimpulan dari hasil diskusi:

1. Harapan tindak lanjut kegiatan pembibitan NOEL adalah (i) Aceh Jaya menjadi mandiri, (ii) adanya penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembibitan tanaman unggul, (iii) adanya pasar yang dapat menampung hasil pembibitan, (iv) adanya dukungan dari pemerintahan daerah, dan (v) ICRAF memfasilitasi pembentukan forum silaturahmi petani pembibitan Aceh Jaya sebelum program NOEL selesai.

2. Rencana tindak lanjut petani pembibitan di Aceh Jaya (a) melanjutkan pembibitan unggul sehingga setiap kelompok mampu menyediakan

bibit unggul untuk keperluan sendiri dan untuk dipasarkan, (b) menambah anggota kelompok, (c) memperluas kebun pembibitan (batang bawah dan entres), (d) melakukan studi banding ke lokasi lainnya untuk menambah pengetahuan.

3. Forum komunikasi petani Semua peserta sepakat untuk membentuk forum silaturahmi/komunikasi antar petani di Aceh Jaya, khususnya petani pembibit tanaman unggul. Adapun tujuan dari pembentukan forum ini adalah mempersatukan kelompok tani di Aceh Jaya dan mempermudah akses informasi. Bentuk forumnya bisa berupa asosiasi dengan koperasi menjadi bagian dari asosiasi sebagai sumber pendanaan/modal bagi asosiasi. Langkah pertama pembentukan forum dapat dilakukan dengan membentuk jaringan antar kelompok tani pembibitan di Aceh Jaya. Kegiatan yang bisa dilakukan jika terbentuk forum tersebut adalah:

(a) mendapatkan pengakuan dari pihak lainnya tentang keberadaan forum di Aceh Jaya,

(b) menyusun pengurus forum silaturahmi, (c) menyusun program forum silaturahmi,


(d) mengadakan pertemuan rutin setiap 2 bulan sekali.

Rencana Konkrit Bersama untuk tindak lanjut pembentukan forum ini akan digodok oleh tim penggagas forum komunikasi petani Aceh Jaya, dengan penggagas per masing-masing area seperti pada Tabel 5. Pertemuan tim penggagas pertama akan dilakukan pada tanggal 14 Juni 2008 di Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP) Aceh Jaya, dengan agenda penyatuan visi dan misi pembentukan forum petani Aceh Jaya. ICRAF diharapkan dapat membantu memfasilitasi setiap rapat pembentukan forum petani ini.

Tabel 5. Daftar penggagas forum komunikasi petani Aceh Jaya berdasarkan hasil kesepakatan

pada musyawarah petani pembibit Aceh Jaya di BPP Aceh Jaya 30 mei 3008. No Nama Asal Kelompok No. Telpon 1 Hasan Indah Jaya 081377196098 2 Hasballah Tuwi Kareung 085260905914 3 Samsul Gunung Buloh 081362704404 4 Sulaeman Green Manyang 085260201838 5 Nasib Reuntang, Fajar 081377082550 6 Murdani Payo Baru 085277482969 7 Sulaeman Ubit Kotib 085277981065 8 Jefri CARDI 081360040094 9 Harbian Gunung Mantok 081377014288 10 Syamsul Koperasi Karya Bersama 081360155598 11 Tengku Muntasir Krueng Tho 085277108546

KESIMPULAN

1. Semua petani di ketiga kabupaten setuju untuk membangun jaringan pemasaran yang bentuknya bisa berupa forum komunikasi atau forum silaturahmi atau bahkan asosiasi dan koperasi jika memungkinkan. Bentuknya dan kegiatannya belum pasti dan masih harus ditindaklanjuti dan difasilitasi.

2. Strategi tindak lanjut kelompok tani di masing-masing kabupaten dapat dilihat pada Tabel 6.

3. Hasil survey yang dilakukan oleh tim NOEL-ICRAF dan kunjungan lapangan yang telah dilakukan oleh perwakilan kelompok tani ke luar provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam telah menambah wawasan petani dalam melihat kemungkinan-kemungkinan yang harus diperhatikan jika ingin mengembangkan pembibitan ke arah komersial dan bagaimana membentuk jaringan akan membantu mereka memasarkan bibitnya.

4. Berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan beberapa kelompok tani, dan juga melihat kontribusi pendapatnya pada saat musyawarah petani, maka kelompok tani yang kemungkinan berpotensial menjadi operator pembibitan komersial (tree nursery enterprise) di masa mendatang: (ii) Pidie dan Pidie Jaya: Paya Guci, Tangse yang rencananya akan mengembangkan

usaha pembibitan dan kebun buah unggul seperti Warso farm yang mereka lihat di Bogor.


(iii)Aceh Barat: Ingin Maju 1 adalah kelompok tani NOEL yang sudah pernah menjuarai juara 2 lomba kelompok tani se-Aceh Barat pada tahun 2006. Dibandingkan kelompok tani lainnya, kelompok ini lebih progresif dalam merespon ide-ide yang distimulasi oleh tim ICRAF-NOEL.

(iv) Aceh Jaya: belum ada yang dapat direkomendasikan, karena hampir semua kelompok tani berada pada tingkat kemampuan yang relatif sama. Perlu diskusi lebih detail dengan tim NOEL Aceh Jaya untuk menentukan kelompok yang berpotensial menjadi operator pembibitan komersial.

Tabel 6. Strategi tindak lanjut kelompok tani pembibitan di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya, Aceh Barat dan

Aceh Jaya berdasarkan hasil musyawarah pada 27-30 Mei 2008

Kabupaten Rencana kelompok tani NOEL Forum petani Pidie dan Pidie Jaya

1. Melanjutkan pembibitan dengan ilmu yang telah diterima melalui program NOEL, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan.

2. Membangun kerjasama antar pembibitan NOEL, dan dengan instansi pemerintahan terutama terkait dengan masalah sertifikasi bibit dan kelancaran pemasaran.

3. Mengembangkan pembibitan ke aspek pemasaran.

Sepakat menyatakan perlu membentuk forum komunikasi antar petani yang berfungsi sebagai: sumber informasi dan mempermudah komunikasi dengan Dinas atau pasar.

Belum ada rencana konkrit tentang bentuk dan kegiatan dari forum ini.

Aceh Barat

1. mengembangkan dan meningkatkan usaha pembibitan unggul ke arah komersial,

2. melakukan sertifikasi bibit tanaman buah dari BPSB,

3. mencari jaringan dan kemitraan untuk pemasaran,

4. membuat sub kelompok pada masing-masing kelompok tani untuk mencukupi kebutuhan bibit.

Petani sepakat merasa sangat perlu membentuk forum komunikasi antar petani NOEL untuk saling menukar informasi. Bentuk forumnya bisa berupa asosiasi, koperasi ataupun jaringan. Belum ada rencana konkrit tentang bentuk dan kegiatan dari forum ini.

Aceh Jaya 1. melanjutkan pembibitan unggul sehingga setiap kelompok mampu menyediakan bibit unggul untuk keperluan sendiri dan dipasarkan,

2. memperluas kebun pembibitan (batang bawah dan entres),

3. melakukan studi banding ke lokasi lainnya untuk menambah pengetahuan.

Sepakat dengan forum petani yang berfungsi mempersatukan kelompok tani di Aceh Jaya dan mempermudah akses informasi.

Bentuk dan kegiatannya secara konkrit akan didiskusikan oleh tim penggagas yang terbentuk melalui musyawarah ini, melalui rapat pertama yang akan dilakukan di BPP Aceh Jaya pada 14 Juni 2008.


Lampiran 1. Daftar Nama Peserta Musyawarah di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya (27 Mei 2008) Kabupaten No Nama Peserta Nama Kelompok Jenis Kelamin Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 1 Afnidar Ulim Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 2 Ida Ulim Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 3 Mulyadi Ulim Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 4 Syarwani P.Cermin Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 5 Zamaibon Titeue Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 6 T.Masrudiah Sagoe Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 7 Banta Saidi Sagoe Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 8 Anwar Sanjani Agromuda Group Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 9 Amran Sagoe Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 10 Fitri Wahyuni Paru cot Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 11 Khairiyah Paru cot Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 12 Harun Paru cot Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 13 Umar Saputra Titeue Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 14 Fatimah Paru Keude Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 15 Manfarisjah Paru Keude Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 16 Hamamah Paru Keude Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 17 Marhalin Paya Guci Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 18 Razali Paya Guci Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 19 Abdullah Paya Guci Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 20 M.Yunus Titeue Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 21 Muhammaddiah Dinas Pertanian Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 22 T.Sabri Blang Jeurat Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 23 Azhari Blang Jeurat Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 24 Hidayat Blang Jeurat Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 25 M.Yunus Dishutbun Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 26 Hamaruddin BS Nurul Fatah Geumpang Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 27 Nur Anita Misbahul Huda Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 28 Zuwairiah LGPS Perempuan Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 29 Jamaluddin LGPS Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 30 M.Nur Nurul Fatah Geumpang Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 31 Baidillah Nurul Fatah Geumpang Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 32 Muhadir Misbahul Huda Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 33 Martonis Misbahul Huda Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 34 M.Jamil Pucok Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 35 Wahidin Kunyet Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 36 Ikhwan Kunyet Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 37 Zainal Abidin Kunyet Lelaki Pidie dan Pidie Jaya 38 M. Sabi Barqah LGPS Lelaki


Lampiran 2. Daftar Nama Peserta Musyawarah di Meulaboh pada 29 Mei 2008

Kabupaten No Nama Peserta Nama Kelompok Jenis Kelamin

Aceh Barat 1 Hamdan Ingin Maju 1 Lelaki Aceh Barat 2 Munir Ingin Maju 1 Lelaki Aceh Barat 3 Rosmawani Doa Kamou Perempuan Aceh Barat 4 Amsani Doa Kamou Perempuan Aceh Barat 5 Faridah Doa Kamou Perempuan Aceh Barat 6 Zainal Abidin Spontaneous Cot Darat Lelaki Aceh Barat 7 Jufrizal Ingin Maju 2 Lelaki Aceh Barat 8 Jumaloi Ingin Maju 2 Lelaki Aceh Barat 9 M. Yana Tunas Baru Lelaki Aceh Barat 10 Mahyuddin Tunas Baru Lelaki

Aceh Barat 11 Abu Bakar Spontaneous Panteu Ceureumen Lelaki

Aceh Barat 12 Ali Burhan Ingin Maju 1 Lelaki Aceh Barat 13 Devi Mutya Dayah Diniyah Darussalam Perempuan Aceh Barat 14 Nurjannah Dayah Diniyah Darussalam Perempuan Aceh Barat 15 Yusrawati Dua Sepakat Perempuan Aceh Barat 16 Misran Dua Sepakat Perempuan Aceh Barat 17 Maisal Dua Sepakat Perempuan Aceh Barat 18 Safari Makmour Beurata Lelaki Aceh Barat 19 Azhar Makmour Beurata Lelaki Aceh Barat 20 Adami Makmour Beurata Lelaki Aceh Barat 21 Dedi Karmalis Dayah Diniyah Darussalam Lelaki Aceh Barat 22 Syukur Tangkeh Lelaki Aceh Barat 23 Ruslijar Paya Mangendrang Lelaki Aceh Barat 24 Bakhtiar Tunas Baru Lelaki Aceh Barat 25 Tengku Irwanto Dayah Darussalamah Lelaki Aceh Barat 26 Tengku Zainal Dayah Darussalamah Lelaki Aceh Barat 27 Tengku Fakhrulrazi Dayah Darussalamah Lelaki Aceh Barat 28 Musleh Spontaneous Sawang Tiebe Lelaki


Lampiran 3. Daftar Nama Peserta Musyawarah di Aceh Jaya pada 30 Mei 2008 Kabupaten No Nama Peserta Nama Kelompok Jenis Kelamin Aceh Jaya 1 Syaril Kopontren Lelaki Aceh Jaya 2 Sulaiman Green Manyang Lelaki Aceh Jaya 3 Samsul Bahri Ingin Maju Gunung Buloh Lelaki Aceh Jaya 4 Nur Aini Ingin Maju Gunung Buloh Perempuan Aceh Jaya 5 Jamisah Ingin Maju Gunung Buloh Perempuan Aceh Jaya 6 Jamadi Bina Bersama Lelaki Aceh Jaya 7 Harbian Haji Bina Bersama Lelaki Aceh Jaya 8 Jasmadi Bina Bersama Lelaki Aceh Jaya 9 Amier Ingin Maju Tuwi Kareung Lelaki Aceh Jaya 10 M. Yunus Kadir Ingin Maju Tuwi Kareung Lelaki Aceh Jaya 11 Raimah SC Ingin Maju Tuwi Kareung Perempuan Aceh Jaya 12 Kasem Saring Ingin Maju Tuwi Kareung Lelaki Aceh Jaya 13 Hasan Basri Indah Jaya Lelaki Aceh Jaya 14 Raiyah Indah Jaya Perempuan Aceh Jaya 15 Aisyah Indah Jaya Perempuan Aceh Jaya 16 Nurjannah Indah Jaya Perempuan Aceh Jaya 17 Sabri Warung Ijo, Fajar Lelaki Aceh Jaya 18 Jamian Warung Ijo, Fajar Lelaki Aceh Jaya 19 Murdani Kopontren Lelaki Aceh Jaya 20 Parmadi Fajar 2 Lelaki Aceh Jaya 21 T. Muntasir Krueng Tho Lelaki Aceh Jaya 22 M. Amin Krueng Tho Lelaki Aceh Jaya 23 Samsuar Krueng Tho Lelaki Aceh Jaya 24 Nasib Susulan Reuntang Lelaki Aceh Jaya 25 Misnar Bahar CARDI Lelaki Aceh Jaya 26 Jefri CARDI Lelaki Aceh Jaya 27 Amiruddin CARDI Lelaki Aceh Jaya 28 M. Nasir YST CARITAS Lelaki Aceh Jaya 29 T.Thanthawi MS CARITAS Lelaki Aceh Jaya 30 M. Amin CARITAS Lelaki Aceh Jaya 31 Sulaiman Ubit KOTIB Lelaki Aceh Jaya 32 Usman Maun KOTIB Lelaki Aceh Jaya 33 Zakaria YS KOTIB Lelaki

Aceh Jaya 34 Sapon (S390 044 322) Dishutbun Lelaki

Aceh Jaya 35 Samsul Bahri Affan Koperasi Karya Bersama Lelaki

Aceh Jaya 36 Ustad Akhmad Tani Makmur Lelaki Aceh Jaya 37 Abdul Wahab Binaan BPP Lelaki Aceh Jaya 38 M. Yahya B. Binaan BPP Lelaki


Lampiran 4. Agenda kegiatan di Sigli, 27 Mei 2008 Kegiatan Waktu Pelaksana

Kedatangan Peserta dan Pendaftaran Ulang Peserta

09.00-09.15

Panitia Pelaksana

Pembacaan Doa Pembukaan (sambutan kepala district NOEL) Perkenalan dan Kesepakatan Alur Musyawarah

09.15-10.00

Bukhari Zulfadli Endri

REHAT 10.00-10.15 Panitia SESI 1 : Diseminasi Hasil Kegiatan:

Studi Kunjungan Lapangan yang dilakukan petani

Survey yang dilakukan ICRAF (arahannya

pada pengembangan pemasaran dan fungsi forum silaturahmi)

DISKUSI

10.15-12.00 20’

25’

45’

Petani yang melakukan cross visit ke Bogor (Yunus dan Zuwairiah) Endri

Zulfadli

ISHOMA 12.00-13.30 Panitia LOMBA CERDAS TERAMPIL PETANI: Materi yang dilombakan:

praktek teknik perbanyakan vegetatif (okulasi dan sambung) Hadiah:

Juara 1: 5 gunting stek+10 kaos Juara 2: 3 pisau okulasi+6 kaos Juara 3: 2 pisau okulasi

Peserta dikelompokkan menjadi 4 cluster: 1. Kelompok Tangse-Geumpang 2. Kelompok Keumala-Padang Tiji 3. Kelompok Bandar baru-Ulim 4. Kelompok Spontaneus Penilaian kriteria: ketepatan (kerapian dan kebersihan), kecepatan dan kekompakan tim

13.30-14.30 Mahyudin, Mulus, Said, Bukhari, Endri

REHAT 14.30-14.45 Panitia DISKUSI RENCANA TINDAK LANJUT dari yang kegiatan yang sudah dilakukan dengan project NOEL. (Apa rencana ke depannya?... perlukah forum silaturahmi? Jika perlu, seperti apa bentuk yang diinginkan, dan tindak lanjut apa yang harus dilakukan?) dilakukan per cluster

14.45-15.45 Zulfadli+Endri+Nazar+ tim NOEL-Pidie

PENUTUP Pembacaan Doa Penutup

15.45-16.00 Deputy NOEL (Nazar) Bukhari


Lampiran 5. Agenda di Aceh Barat, 29 Mei 2008 Kegiatan Waktu Pelaksana

Kedatangan Peserta dan Pendaftaran Ulang Peserta

09.30-09.45

Panitia

Pembacaan Doa Pembukaan (sambutan kepala district NOEL) Perkenalan dan Kesepakatan Alur Musyawarah

09.45-10.15

Pratik Endri

REHAT 10.15-10.30 Panitia SESI 1 : Diseminasi Hasil Kegiatan:

Survey yang dilakukan ICRAF (arahannya pada pengembangan pemasaran dan fungsi forum silaturahmi)

Pemutaran film kunjungan ke Muara Bungo

Presentasi hasil kunjungan ke Muara Bungo

DISKUSI

10.30-12.00 20’

25’

15’

30’

Endri Panitia Hamdan, Moderator: Pratik

ISHOMA 12.00-13.15 Panitia DISKUSI RENCANA TINDAK LANJUT dari yang kegiatan yang sudah dilakukan dengan project NOEL. (Apa rencana ke depannya?... perlukah forum silaturahmi? Jika perlu, seperti apa bentuk yang diinginkan, dan tindak lanjut apa yang harus dilakukan?) Peserta dibagi menjadi 2 cluster, yaitu cluster Samatiga-Woyla dan cluster Panteu Ceureumen-Kaway XVI. Diskusi dilakukan per cluster. Presentasi rencana tindak lanjut per cluster

13.15-14.15

30’

30’

Pratik+Endri+Nazar +tim ICRAF Aceh Barat

REHAT 14.15-14.30 Panitia Kesimpulan hasil musyawarah dan Penutup Pembacaan Doa Penutup

14.30-15.00 Deputy NOEL (Nazar)


Lampiran 6. Agenda Kegiatan Musyawarah Petani di Calang, 30 Mei 2008 Kegiatan Waktu Pelaksana Kedatangan Peserta dan Pendaftaran Ulang Peserta

08.45-09.15 Panitia Pelaksana

Pembukaan, Perkenalan dan Kesepakatan Alur Acara

09.15-10.00 Endri Martini + JT + Nazar Idris

REHAT (Kopi, teh, snacks) 10.00-10.15 Panitia SESI 1 : Diseminasi Hasil Kegiatan: 10.15-12.00 Studi Kunjungan Lapangan ke Muara Bungo yang dilakukan petani

45’ Hasan dan T.Muntasir

Survey yang dilakukan ICRAF (arahannya pada pengembangan pemasaran dan fungsi forum silaturahmi)

15’ Endri Martini

DISKUSI 45’ Moderator: JT ISHOMA 12.00-14.00 Panitia LOMBA CERDAS TERAMPIL PETANI: Antar Kelompok Tani dengan Perwakilan 2 orang per kelompok. Materi yang dilombakan: teknik okulasi pada karet dan durian Hadiah: Kaos NOEL

14.00-14.45 Panitia

REHAT 14.45-15.00 Panitia DISKUSI RENCANA TINDAK LANJUT dari yang kegiatan yang sudah dilakukan. (Apa rencana ke depannya?... perlukah forum silaturahmi? Jika perlu, seperti apa bentuk yang diinginkan, dan tindak lanjutnya?)

15.00-16.00 JT+Endri Martini

Kesepakatan Rencana Tindak Lanjut dan Penutup

16.00-16.30 Jusupta Tarigan


Lampiran 7. Rencana Tindak Lanjut Kelompok Tani NOEL di Pidie dan Pidie Jaya Cluster Rencana tindak lanjut Pendapat tentang Forum Komunikasi

Petani NOEL Tangse-Geumpang 1. Melanjutkan pembibitan untuk

mengembangkan pembibitan ke depan yang cerah

2. Kerjasama antar pembibitan 3. Menghasilkan pembibitan yang

lebih unggul 4. Pengembangan pemasaran 5. Ingin mensejahterakan kelompok

Perlu membuat forum komunikasi petani NOEL yang berfungsi untuk: (i) tukar informasi seperti melalui HP (ii) Menyediakan entres yang berlabel (iii) Pembentukan badan koperasi (iv) Study banding antar kelompok

Keumala-Padang Tiji

1. menjalin kerjasama dengan instansi pemerintah terkait

2. perlu adanya seorang Pembina dari dinas terkait

3. perlu adanya struktur organisasi kelompok pembibitan

4. perlu adanya sertifikasi bibit demi kejelasan dan kelancaran pemasaran

Perlu forum komunikasi antar pembibitan yang berfungsi sebagai: (i) sumber informasi tentang

perkembangan dan kemajuan pembibitan.

(ii) Sarana komunikasi antar anggota dan instansi sehingga bisa terjalin hubungan yang harmonis antar pihak

(iii) Bahu-membahu menangani rehabilitasi hutan dengan tanaman unggul buah dan tanaman kehutanan

Bandar Baru -Ulim Rencana kita ke depan, ingin meneruskan apa yang sudah kita pelajari, supaya sukses mencapai masa depan yang lebih cerah

Perlu ada forum komunikasi petani NOEL supaya dapat bergabung dan berkomunikasi antara group Ulim dan Bandar Baru melalui komunikasi atau jaringan.


Lampiran 8. Rencana Tindak Lanjut Kelompok Tani NOEL di Aceh Barat

Rencana Tindak Lanjut

Cluster Per kelompok tani Per cluster

Rencana Pembentukan

Forum

Muslih

Mengembangkan dan memelihara tanaman dan pembibitan yang ada

Dayah Mencari Jaringan/Mitra Usaha

Ingin Maju 1

(i) Memperluas informasi pemasaran, (ii) membuat kebun entres tanaman buah, (iii) meningkatkan produksi bibit, (iv) mengupayakan sertifikasi benih kepada BPSB, (v) membuat kelompok kecil untuk mendukung pembibitan inti.

Panteu Ceureumen-Kaway XVI

Tunas Baru

(i) program NOEL berkelanjutan, (ii) menyatukan visi dan misi di antara kelompok dalam mencari usaha untuk pemasaran.

1/ mengembangkan dan meningkatkan pembibitan unggul 2/ sertifikasi benih dari BPSB 3/ mencari jaringan dan kemitraan untuk pemasaran 4/ untuk mencukupi kebutuhan bibit perlu dibuat sub kelompok

Sangat perlu membentuk forum komunikasi antar petani NOEL, dengan bentuk Asosiasi atau Koperasi (untuk mendapatkan modal). Bentuk kegiatannya: mengadakan pertemuan rutin dan menyusun program kerja

Doa Kamou

kami ingin melanjutkan kegiatan pembibitan secara kelompok dan pribadi, dan ingin diakui oleh pihak terkait (pertanian).

Makmour Beurata

kami ingin melanjutkan kegiatan pembibitan secara pribadi dan mengembangkan ke arah komersial.

Dua Sepakat

kami ingin melanjutkan pembibitan secara pribadi dan ingin mengembangkan ke arah bisnis.

Samatiga-Woyla

Giat Usaha

kami ingin melanjutkan kegiatan pembibitan secara pribadi dan ingin mengembangkan ke arah komersial

1/ Dari semua kelompok ingin melanjutkan kegiatan usaha pembibitan 2/ Mengembangkan pembibitan ke arah komersial 3/ Perlu penanggulanganan terhadap kendala yang dihadapi dalam membuat pembibitan, seperti: (i) keterbatasan lahan, (ii) tidak ada pagar, (iii) tidak jelas sumber biji, (iv) Perlu pupuk/obat-obatan, (v) perlu alat penyiraman, (vi) perlu polybag

Perlu membentuk forum komunikasi dengan bentuk pertemuan bergulir dengan jadwal pertemuan setiap 2 bulan sekali dengan tujuan untuk saling menukar informasi. Dana untuk pertemuan akan dikenakan pada masing-masing anggota kelompok.


Lampiran 9. Rencana Tindak Lanjut Kelompok Tani NOEL di Aceh Jaya

Kelompok Harapan Rencana Tindak Lanjut Rencana Pembentukan Forum

2

(1) Aceh Jaya Mandiri (2) Pelatihan yang berkelanjutan (3) Dinas mendukung penuh kegiatan Belum ada

1/ Perlu dibentuk forum silaturahmi 2/ Bentuk forum: Koperasi Usaha Pertanian dan Perkebunan 3/ Kegiatannya: pelatihan pembibitan sampai pemasaran, akses informasi, pinjaman modal usaha

3

ICRAF memfasilitasi pembentukan forum silaturahmi tersebut sebelum program NOEL selesai

1/melanjutkan pembibitan unggul 2/menambah anggota kelompok 3/ memperluas kebun pembibitan (batang bawah dan entres)

1/ Perlu adanya forum silaturahmi. 2/ Bentuknya: Koperasi 3/ Kegiatannya: (i) Pengakuan adanya forum silaturahmi di Aceh Jaya (ii) Penyusunan pengurus forum silaturahmi(iii) Penyusunan program forum silaturahmi(iv) Mengadakan pertemuan setiap 2 bulan sekali

1

1/ setiap kelompok mampu menyediakan bibit unggul untuk keperluan sendiri dan untuk dipasarkan 2/ melakukan studi banding ke lokasi lain yang dapat menambah pengetahuan

1/ Perlu adanya forum silaturahmi. 2/ Bentuknya: Asosiasi Kelompok Tani Pengembangan Bibit Unggul Aceh Jaya (karena ada AD/ART yang jelas dan terarah, lebih luas lingkupnya, Koperasi bisa menjadi bagian dari Asosiasi) 3/ Tindak Lanjutnya: (i) Mampu menpersatukan kelompok tani di Aceh Jaya (ii) Mampu membuat atau mengadakan bibit unggul di Aceh Jaya (dari mulai cara pembuatannya, pemeliharaan sampai pemasarannya. (iii) Terbentuknya sebuah koperasi kelompok tani untuk mempermudah sumber pendanaan baik untuk usaha pembibitan atau lainnya

4

1/ Adanya pelatihan dan penyuluhan pembibitan unggul 2/ Adanya pasar yang dapat menampung hasil dari pembibitan

1/ Sangat perlu forum silaturahmi. 2/ Bentuknya: Jaringan antar kelompok 3/ Tindak lanjutnya: akan dibicarakan setelah jaringan antar kelompok terbentuk

Lampiran 10. Presentasi ”Potensi pengembangan pembibitan berorientasi pasar dan fungsi forum silaturahmi di Aceh” oleh Endri Martini



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