Trilogy and 4WARD: Towards a Clean Slate Internet Design

Wolfgang Mühlbauer, Roger Karrer, Peter Feil, Anja FeldmannClean Slate Internet Design – why?Many of the design decisions of the Internet were made 4 decades ago. Since then, the Internet and its use have changed as it has changed itself society. However, today, the Internet is out of shape.

An ossified architectureThe Internet architecture is the result of an initial careful design based on well-argued principles and a 4 decade evolution to add additional features. Unfortunately, many of these principles are no longer true (security) or new ones have emerged – technical ones (mobility) as well as economical ones (net neutrality). One thing the Internet lacks is flexibility to efficiently accommodate the new requirements.

Control plane: out of shapeThe picture of the Internet hourglass to depict its architecture holds for the data plane. However, it is far from true when we consider the “control plane”. In fact, there is no such thing as an explicit control plane. And second, control protocols had been squeezed into the architecture to fit the layering structure. Therefore, the Internet architecture has significantly extended its waist over the past 40 years.

A clean slate Internet design that searches for novel concepts to build an Internet architecture from scratch is needed to ensure that the Internet is able to address the challenges in the near future.

We at Deutsche Telekom are part of 2 EU FP-7 projects that focus on these challenges: •4WARD•Triology

Even though the two projects aims at similar goals, they take different approaches and focus on distinct challenges.

4WARD is based on the following technical premises:

1.Create a new “network of information”, where information objects have their own identity.

2.Rich communication paths that include mobility, security and QoS over wired and wireless networks

3.Devise an embedded default-on management capability.

4.Provide means to support the instantiation and dependable operation of different networks on a single infrastructure in a commercial setting (virtulization).

5.Develop an integrated framework to represent, design, implement and operate network architectures that all belong to a common family of interoperable network instances.

Trilogy: Re-architecting the Internet

ConclusionsA clean slate Internet design •Requires novel concepts with an out-of-box thinking•Needs an experimental facility to experimentally verify that protocols and architectures are viable, scalable and efficient • Offers new technical and economical opportunities for operators, but only for early adopters

For these reasons, DT is involved in the above projects

For further information•Anja Feldmann: Internet Clean Slate Design: what and why? Sigcomm CCR, July 2007•For more information on the proposals, please contact any of the authors at firstname.lastname@telekom.de.

802.X MAC

HTTP POP3 IMAP XMPPSMTP

FDDI

ISDNSDH PDH xDSL

TokenRing

802.3x

802.11x

802.16x

ATM802.3 802.11 802.16

MPLS

IPv4

TCP

RPC

ASN-1

Telnet

UDP

ASP RTP

XDR XML SMB

FTP IRCNTP

MIP HIP

SCTP

IPSecCIP

IKE MulticastRouting

IGP VRRP EGP GGPBGP IGRP

PIM SM-DM

MBGP

COPS

NSIS

DVMRPRSVP

SIP SDP H.323

DNS

RTCP RTSP

RIP NHRPP E-IGRP GREOSPF

IGMPMLD

Diameter

Radius

IP Support

ICMP

ARP IARPRARP

BOOTPDHCP

802.1x 802.11i 802.21 802.1D 802.1Q

TLSSSL

Data plane Control plane congestioncontrol

load-dependent,multi-path

topology discovery,reachability

routing policyeconomic drivers

trafficengineering

TRILOGYre-feedback

reachabilitymechanisms

resourcecontrol business

scalability Requirements for a Routing Architecture

provide reach-ability

provide identifiers

robust-ness/ stability

support for policies

easy deploy-ability

locality of routing events

security

fast converg-ence

multiple path exposure

easy configur-

ation

Business

SocialTechnical

Legal

Trilogy’s concept is single architecture that is flexible to adapt to the different forces and demands in the Internet – i.e. a tussle-aware architecture.

It identifies 3 fundamental demands that must be considered jointly in the design of a future Internet architecture•Reachability Mechanisms•Resource Control•Business Aspects

Trilogy is the first project that tries to unify all of them in a clean slate approach

Workpackage 1: ReachabilityEstablish and control transparent reachability in a scalable, dynamic and resilient manner:•Routing fragility•Growing organizational complexity

Topics include•Routing•Multi-homing•Remote traffic filtering

Workpackage 2: Resource controlDevelop and evaluate a unified approach to resource control that is efficient, fair and incentive-compatible:•Utilization•Different fairness metrics•Cheat-proof•Congestion•Storage, battery life, spectrum

Workpackage 3: Social and commercial control (led by DT)Understand how architectural features allow a controlled behavior, provide flexibility in terms of technical, social and economical outcomes, and interact with business stakeholders outside Triology to get commercial/strategic steer.

UserRequirements

SystemRequirements

Architecture and Design

Implementation Unit Testing

Verification

SystemTesting

ValidationTraditional V-model(one variant)

Stakeholderbehaviours

Economicreality

Market Evolution

Trilogy: Design for Tussle

DPI; TE

Multi-flows; peer2peer; DDoS

Resource user

Resource provider

WA DR

44WARD

Management of Virtual Networks ( Task 3.3)

Provisioning of Virtual Networks ( Task 3.3) (aggregate “slices” and form virtual networks)

Substrate

Virtualised substrate

Virtual Network Virtual Network

Virtualisation of Resources ( Task 3.2) (partitioning of physical infrastructure into “slices”)

split/balance

merge/network code

decode

joincodecooperatively

Generic path 1Generic path 2

A

CE

B

A

B

E

AC

A

E

B

A

D

E

AD

E

E

B

D

D

A

CE

B

A

B

E

AC

A

E

BB

AA

BB

EE

AACC

A

E

BB

AA

DD

EE

AADD

E

E

B

DDD

D