Triage FINAL

7/28/2019 Triage FINAL

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UNIVERSITY OF BAGUIO

SCHOOL OF NURSING

TRIAGE

and

METHODSof

TRANSFER

Submitted by:

BOTIS, Gemray B.

NPC

June 18, 2013


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TRIAGE:

Triage refers to the evaluation and categorization of the sick or wounded

when there are insufficient resources for medical care of everyone at

once.

In mass casualty situations, triage is used to decide who is most urgentlyin need of transportation to a hospital for care (generally, those who have

a chance of survival but who would die without immediate treatment) andwhose injuries are less severe and must wait for medical care.

Triage is also commonly used in crowded emergency rooms and walk-inclinics to determine which patients should be seen and treated

immediately.

Triage may be used to prioritize the use of space or equipment, suchas operating rooms, in a crowded medical facility.

Color Coding:

Red tags - (immediate) are used to label those who cannot survivewithout immediate treatment but who have a chance of survival.

Yellow tags - (observation/ delayed) for those who requireobservation (and possible later re-triage). Their condition is stable

for the moment and, they are not in immediate danger of death. These

victims will still need hospital care and would be treated

immediately under normal circumstances.

Green tags - (wait / minimal/ minor) are reserved for the "walkingwounded" who will need medical care at some point, after more

critical injuries have been treated.

Black tags - (expectant/ morgue) are used for the deceased and forthose whose injuries are so extensive that they will not be able to

survive given the care that is available.


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METHODS OF TRANSFER

A. One Man Carry

1. Ankle Pull (Short Distances)

1. Grasp the victim by both ankles or both pant

cuffs. Be sure to move him or her using your

legs, not your back. Keep your back as straight

as possible, to prevent injuring yourself.

2. Drag the victim in as straight a line as

possible. Note that this carry does not support

the head or neck.

This method is the quickest way to move a person

over a smooth surface. It should only be used if

the rescuer cannot bend over or the victim is in

immediate danger.

2. Shoulder Pull (Short Distances)

1. Grasp the victim's clothing underneath his or

her shoulders. You will have to bend over in

order to pull the victim away.

2. Support the person's head by keeping an arm

along each side of it. Pull the victim away,

keeping the body as aligned as possible.

This method of moving injured people is preferred

over the ankle pull because the rescuer is able

to support the victim's head. However, it is not

suitable for rescuers with back injuries.

3. Blanket Pull (Short to Medium Distance)

1. Lay out a blanket on the floor as close to the

victim as possible.

2. Roll or lift the victim carefully onto the

blanket. You should keep the head and neck as

aligned as possible while transferring the person

to the blanket.
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The head of the victim should be placed about

2 feet (61 cm) from a corner of the blanket.

3. Gather the corners around the victim's

head and pull them away. You should keep your

back as straight as possible while moving the

person.

4. One Person Lift (For Child or Small Adult

Over All Distances)

1. Place one arm around the victim's back and

the other underneath his or her knees and lift

the person into your arms.

2. Walk to safety. Have the victim place an

arm around your shoulders while walking, if possible.

5. Firefighter Carry (Longer Distances)

1. Crouch down and place one of the victim's

arms across your shoulder. Wrap your arm

around the victim's legs and grasp the other

arm of the victim.

2. Lift the person using your legs and carry

the person to a safe place.

This method of carrying a victim is good for

longer distances. However, the rescuer must

be very strong to place the victim in this

position. This method is also not suitablefor a victim with a spinal injury.
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6. Pack Strap Carry (Longer Distances)

1. Crouch down in front of the victim and

place both of his or her arms over your

shoulders.

2. Cross the person's arms and grasp the

opposite wrist with both of your hands. You

should be holding onto his or her left wrist

with your right hand and vice-versa.

3. Pull the injured person's arms close to

your chest and squat slightly.

4. Push your hips into the victim while

bending forward slightly. Balance the

person's weight with your hips while

walking.

This carrying technique is good for long

distances with a larger adult. It is more

suitable for victims whose injuries make the

fireman's carry unsafe

7. Support carrythe casualty must

be able to walk or at least hop on

one leg, using the bearer as a

crutch. This carry can be used to

assist him as far as he is able to

walk or hop.
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8.Neck dragis useful in combatbecause the bearer can transport the

casualty when he creeps behind a low

wall or shrubbery, under a vehicle,

or through a gutter. This drag is

used only if the casualty does not

have a broken/ fractured arm. In

this drag the casualty is on his

back. If the casualty isunconscious, protect his head from

the ground.

9. Arms carry. The arms carry is

used when the casualty is unable to

walk. This carry (Figure B-3) isuseful when carrying a casualty for

a short distance and when placing

him on a litter.

10. Saddleback carry. Only a conscious casualty can be

transported by the saddleback carry because he must be

able to hold onto the bearers neck.


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11. Pistol-belt drag. The pistol-belt

drag (Figure B-7) and other drags are

generally used for short distances. In

this drag the casualty is on his back.

The pistol-belt drag is useful in

combat. The bearer and the casualty

can remain closer to the ground in

this drag than in any other.

12. Pack-strap carry. This carry is used when only a moderate distance

will be traveled. In this carry (Figure B-5), the casualty's weight rests

high on the bearer's back. To eliminate the possibility of injury to the

casualty's arms, the bearer must hold the casualty's arms in a palms-down

position.

B. Two-man Carry

1) Two-man support carry can be used in transporting both conscious or

unconscious casualties. If the casualty is taller than the bearers it may

be necessary for the bearers to lift the casualty's legs and let them rest

on their forearms.

2) Two-man arms carry is useful in carrying a casualty for a moderate

distance. It is also useful for placing him on a litter. To lessenfatigue, the bearers should carry him high and as close to their chests as

possible. In extreme emergencies when there are no times to obtain a

board, this manual carry is the safest one for transporting a casualty

with a back/neck injury. Use two additional bearers to keep his head and

legs in alignment with his body.


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3) Two-man fore-and-aft carry is a most useful two-man carry for

transporting a casualty for a long distance. The taller of the two bearers

should position himself at the casualty's head. By altering this carry so

that both bearers face the casualty, it is also useful for placing him on

a litter.


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4) Two-hand seat carry is used in carrying a casualty for a short distance

and in placing him on a litter.

5) Four-hand seat carry. Only a conscious casualty can be transported with

the four-hand seat carry (Figure B-14) because he must help support

himself by placing his arms around the bearers' shoulders. This carry is

especially useful in transporting the casualty with a head or foot injury

and is used when the distance to be traveled is moderate. It is also

useful for placing a casualty on a litter.

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Triage FINAL