Power Matters

Trends in Time & Phase SynchronizationJeremy LewisMarketing Director - Timing and SynchronizationMicrosemi Corporation

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Power Matters.

Introduction

Drivers for synchronization in the networkMigration from Traditional networks for voice to Packet networks for multimedia applicationsThe evolving Core & Edge networksThe evolving synchronization requirements

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Power Matters.

Drivers for Synchronization in the Network

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Power Matters.

The Circuit Switched Network

PBX

2G BTS

3G Node B

Legacy FAX

SOHO/Residential

ONT/DSL Modem

IAD

OLTDLCDSLAM

SONET

ADM

DS1

BSC/RNC

Wireless Networks

Edge Core

PDH Networks

AccessNetworks

SONET

SONET

MSPP

ADM

© 2011 Microsemi Corporation.

DS1

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Power Matters.

Video is the major contributor to internet traffic

Emergence of Cloud Computing will accelerate traffic further

From Voice to Applications

Over 800M unique visitors per monthOver 4Bn videos viewed per day

2Bn hours viewed in Q4CY11Over 20M subscribers world wide

845M monthly active users by end CY11

Search engine accounts for 7% of Internet trafficInternet Traffic is growing 40% annually

245 terabytes per second by 2015

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1 - YouTube web statistics 2 – Netflix web statistics 3 – Facebook web statistics 4 - Fifth annual Cisco VNI Forecast (2010-15)

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4

3

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Power Matters.

5.5Bn mobile subscribers, 78% of the world population• Tablets to reach 63M units by 2011, expected to reach 129M by the

end of 20121

YouTube2

• Over 600M mobile videos viewed per day• Mobile traffic tripled in 2011Facebook 425M monthly active mobile users by end CY113

Applications go Mobile

1 - IHS iSuppli, March 20122 – YouTube web statistics3 – Facebook web statistics4 – Cisco VNI Global Mobile data report 0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Exa

byte

spe

r Mon

th

78% CAGR 2011-16

Global mobile data traffic to increase 18x from 2011 to 20164

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Power Matters.

Core Network TransitionSolving the Traffic load Problem

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Power Matters.

SONET - Falling Short

Specifically designed for the high speed transmission of a single application, VoiceSpecifically designed for frequency traceability• GPS or Cesium SourcesNetwork applications have brought new demands on the network core• Massive amounts of asynchronous data traffic• Time AlignmentSONET is struggling to keep up with the increasing bandwidth demands• 40G may be a bridge too far for SONET

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Power Matters.

The Emergence of OTN

OTN provides flexibility and scalability for both data traffic and synchronizationEven though OTN itself does not require synchronization, SONET, synchronous Ethernet and other transport signals can have their own timing carried transparently end-to-end Asynchronous packet networks do not require synchronization, these also can be carried by OTN

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Power Matters.

Optical Transport Network

OTN can meet the traffic mix demandsOTN makes WDM manageable and provides a common foundationOTN enables efficient bandwidth utilization at 40G and above

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Power Matters.

OTN Timing Transparency

OTN physical layer is asynchronous and therefore does not require the sophisticated timing distribution associated with TDM hierarchyOTN includes per-service timing adjustments to carry Client timing preserved through networkOTN’s transparency enables carrying any serviceTiming transparency is important for offering wholesale services for third-party providers

OTNClient

OTNClient

OTNClient

OTNClient

WDMMux

OTNmux

OTNmuxWDM

Mux

WDM Networkwith OTN Mapping

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Power Matters.

Market Rapidly Transitioning to OTN

OTN spending will be about 65% of total optical spend by 2015• Overall optical market growth +6% CAGR (2010 to 2015)• OTN market growth +16% CAGR (2010 to 2015)

$0

$4,000

$8,000

$12,000

$16,000

$20,000

CY05 CY06 CY07 CY08 CY09 CY10 CY11 CY12 CY13 CY14 CY15

Reve

nue

(US$

M)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

SONET/SDH WDM % OTN

Source: Infonetics 2012 OTN Hardware Report

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Power Matters.

Edge Network TransitionSolving the Bandwidth and Synchronization Problem

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Power Matters.

To meet the data demands of existing and new applications, we have a number of years of infrastructure build-out still to come• Less than 80% of the population is covered with 2G• Less than 30% of the population is covered with 3G4G investment to kick in during CY12 to CY16

Servicing the Application Demands

$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

CY10 CY11 CY12 CY13 CY14 CY15 CY16

Equi

pmen

t Rev

enue

s ($

Bn)

2G/3G 4G14

Power Matters.

Ensuring the User Experience

Ethernet installed cell site backhaul connections continue to increase as a portion of total connections from 26% in 2010, to 79% by 2015

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

CY08 CY09 CY10 CY11 CY12 CY13 CY14 CY15

Per

cent

of I

nsta

lled

Con

nect

ions

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

PDH ATM over PDH

Ethernet copper and fiber SONET/SDH and WDM

Microwave--Ethernet and dual TDM/Ethernet Microwave--dual Ethernet/TDM microwave equipment

Microwave--Ethernet Microwave--TDM

Other Ethernet % of totalSource: Infonetics Research

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Power Matters.

FDD applications for 2G & 3G• Frequency accuracy from 15ppb to 50ppbTDD applications for 3G & 4G• Frequency & Phase alignment to better than +/-1us

Synchronization for Mobile Networks

PacketNetwork

CESoP (adaptive or differential)

T1/E1

End Node (BTS)

GPSBITS/SSU (SASE)

IEEE 1588 v2NTP v4

Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE)Packet

Network

DedicatedClocks

Leased Lines - T1/E1Circuit

Network

OTN Transport

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Power Matters.

Use Of Protocol & Physical Layer Synchronization

Is it time to get synchronization from the “Cloud” not the “Sky”?

3G/LTE NodeB

BSC/RNC

MetroPSN

SyncE Retrofit for frequency

IEEE-1588 for frequency

SyncE for frequency and IEEE1588 Boundary Clock for phase

BSC/RNC

CORE2G BST

2G BST

2G BST

3G/4G NodeB

Frequency(FDD)

Phase(TDD)

SyncE for frequency and IEEE1588 for phase

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Power Matters.

EthernetPHY

1588DPLL

EthernetPHY

EthernetPHY

EthernetPHY

EthernetPHY

1588DPLL

EthernetPHY

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

BITS

Master Master MasterMaster Slave Slave

EthernetSwitch

Timing Distribution Protocol & Physical

EthernetSwitch

EthernetSwitch

EthernetPHY

SincEDPLL

EthernetPHY

EthernetPHY

EthernetPHY

EthernetPHY

SincEDPLL

EthernetPHY

Extracted Clock

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3

BITS

Master Master MasterMaster Slave Slave

EthernetSwitch

EthernetSwitch

SincEDPLL

Extracted Clock

EthernetSwitchPhysical

Layer(SyncE)

ProtocolLayer

(IEEE 1588)

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Power Matters.

SyncE for FDD

The clocks are designed to control jitter and wander in the networkUses SONET synchronization concepts for packet networksUse the Ethernet bit timings to transport physical layer frequency synchronization between Ethernet switchesAlready widely used by equipment vendors

BasestationClock

SONET/SyncEDistributionPRS/PRC

G.812Type 1

G.8262Option 2

End Application

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Power Matters.

IEEE1588 for FDD

Telecom Profile for Frequency• A PSN may be inserted between the server and client, that is not

aware of protocol layer synchronization packets (e.g. IEEE 1588-2008)• Suitable for frequency (MTIE, TDEV, FFO) transfer

BasestationClock

IEEE 1588ServerPRS/PRC

End Application

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Power Matters.

SyncE-IEEE1588 for TDD

Aware Networks• Targeted for TDD basestation applications• Uses Boundary Clock + SyncETelecom Profile for Phase• The PSN has ‘on-path support’ where each switch / router is aware of protocol

layer synchronization packets (e.g. Boundary Clock)• Support frequency (MTIE, TDEV, FFO) & phase/time (PPS, ToD) transfer

BasestationClock

SONET/SyncEDistributionPRS/PRC

G.812Type 1

G.8273.2BC

G.8262Option 2

G.8272 G.8273.1

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Power Matters.

Summary

“Applications” drive the shape & structure of the network• Data is king, Voice is just another Application“Wireless Networks” drive the need for Synchronization• Frequency & PhaseProtocol & Physical layer Synchronization

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Power Matters.

Questions for the Conference

Can synchronization be sold as a service with pricing based on features and accuracy?

Can Cloud and Sky synchronization live in harmony?• Can we ever live without GPS?

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