Trends in Mortality by Income in Urban Canada from 1971 to 1996.

PART I

Russell Wilkins, Edward Ng and Jean-Marie Berthelot

Health Analysis and Modeling GroupStatistics Canada, Ottawa

Session 65:

Causes of Death Analyses, Differentials and Trends Population Association of America (PAA)

2001 Annual Meeting, Washington DC 29-31 March 2001

Russell Wilkins

Health Analysis and Modeling Group

Statistics Canada, RHC-24A

Ottawa ON K1A OT6

Tel: 1-613-951-5305 Fax: 1-613-951-3959

Email: russell.wilkins@statcan.ca

Data inclusions and exclusions

1971 1986 1991 1996• Total deaths 81,465 101,104 101,960 122,104– Reg not retr’d 18 0 0 0

– Res health inst 5,912 14,824 16,156 19,185

– CT not coded 1,375 923 17 1,010

– CT excluded 109 213 97 122

– Age or sex unkn 61 4 8 1

• Deaths retained 73,990 88,140 93,328 101,786• Non-inst pop (mil) 11.6 14.9 16.5 17.7

Low Income

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1971 1986 1991 1996

Q1-RichestQ2Q3Q4Q5-Poorest

%

Foreign-born

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1971 1986 1991 1996

Q1-RichestQ2Q3Q4Q5-Poorest

%

Infant Mortality

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996

Q1 - RichestQ2Q3Q4Q5 - Poorest

per 1,000

Infant Mortality, 1996

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Q1-Richest

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5-Poorest

per 1,000

Q5/Q1 Mortality Ratios

0,75

1,00

1,25

1,50

1,75

2,00

2,25

2,50

2,75

3,00

3,25

3,50

<1 1-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+

1971-M1986-M1991-M1996M1971-F1986-F1991-F1996-F

Age (yrs)

Life Expectancy at Birth

65

67

69

71

73

75

77

79

81

83

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996

Q1-M Richest

Q2-MQ3-M

Q4-M

Q5-M PoorestQ1-F Richest

Q2-F

Q3-F

Q4-FQ5-F Poorest

Yrs

Life Expectancy, Males 199672 73 74 75 76 77 78 79

Q1-Richest

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5-Poorest

Yrs

Life Expectancy, Females 199680 80.5 81 81.5 82 82.5 83

Q1-Richest

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5-Poorest

Yrs

Female-Male Difference in Life Expectancy

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996

Q1 - Richest

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5 - Poorest

Yrs

Probability of Survival to Age 75

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996

Q1-M RichestQ2-MQ3-MQ4-MQ5-M PoorestQ1-F RichestQ2-FQ3-FQ4-FQ5-F Poorest

%

Probability of Survival to Age 75, Males 1996

50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70

Q1-Richest

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5-Poorest

%

Probability of Survival to Age 75, Females 1996

70 72 74 76 78 80 82

Q1-Richest

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q5-Poorest

%

PYLL(0-74) by Cause, 1996

30,9

19,2

17,6

5,3

4,9

4,8

3,8

13,5

23,1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Neoplasms

Excess

Injuries

Circulatory

Infectious

Perinatal

Ill-defined

Congenital

All other

%

Excess PYLL(0-74) by Cause, 1996

21.6

16.9

14

12.2

8.3

7.1

5.4

14.5

0 5 10 15 20 25

Circulatory

Injuries

Neoplasms

Infectious

Ill-defined

Perinatal

Digestive

All other

%

Age Distribution of Excess PYLL (0-74)

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996

55-7435-5415-341-14 yr<1 yr