Transport & Distribution

Apply Emergency / Accident ProceduresApply Emergency / Accident Procedures

TDT F6 97BTDT F6 97B

This SessionThis Session

What hazards areWhat hazards are

How we can fix hazardsHow we can fix hazards

Safety RecordsSafety Records

Personal Protective EquipmentPersonal Protective Equipment

Response to an incidentResponse to an incident

ReportingReporting

HazardsHazards

Fire Fire

Chemical SpillsChemical Spills

EmergenciesEmergencies

Bomb ScaresBomb Scares

AccidentsAccidents

HazardsHazards

A hazard can be defined as a situation that can be dangerous to A hazard can be defined as a situation that can be dangerous to people or can cause damage.people or can cause damage.

Hazards such as accidents, fire, chemical spills, bomb scares Hazards such as accidents, fire, chemical spills, bomb scares and other emergencies may occur in the workplace. and other emergencies may occur in the workplace.

Physical hazards such as noise, vibration, temperature, lighting, Physical hazards such as noise, vibration, temperature, lighting, ergonomics or poor housekeeping may also be present in the ergonomics or poor housekeeping may also be present in the workplaceworkplace

Behavioural hazards may also be present in the workplaceBehavioural hazards may also be present in the workplace

How we can fix hazardsHow we can fix hazards

Safe work practicesSafe work practices

Using policies, procedures and operator manualsUsing policies, procedures and operator manuals

Following logical orderly work routinesFollowing logical orderly work routines

Planning the layout of a worksitePlanning the layout of a worksite

Ensuring adequate signage is displayedEnsuring adequate signage is displayed

Ensuring emergency equipment is supplied and Ensuring emergency equipment is supplied and maintained. maintained.

Safety RecordsSafety Records

The employer is required to keep records for the The employer is required to keep records for the followingfollowing– Health testingHealth testing– Injury/ illnessInjury/ illness– Workplace monitoringWorkplace monitoring– Information on hazards (ie MSDS)Information on hazards (ie MSDS)– Licensing / training recordsLicensing / training records– Dangerous Goods RegisterDangerous Goods Register– Consultation recordsConsultation records

Personal Protective Equipment Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)(PPE)

Your employer is required to provide you Your employer is required to provide you with PPEwith PPE

You are required to wear all PPE providedYou are required to wear all PPE provided

Don’t rely solely on PPE for your Don’t rely solely on PPE for your protectionprotection

Response to an incidentResponse to an incident

No Heroics – Safety of self first priorityNo Heroics – Safety of self first priority

Remain Calm – Keep situation calmRemain Calm – Keep situation calm

Sound alarm or notify others of emergencySound alarm or notify others of emergency

Notify or arrange for notification of Notify or arrange for notification of – Specialist onsite personnel (ie first aider)Specialist onsite personnel (ie first aider)– Supervisor / ManagementSupervisor / Management– Specialist Emergency Response AgencySpecialist Emergency Response Agency

Render Assistance where requiredRender Assistance where required

Response to an incident Response to an incident (cont)(cont)

Contain the situation / Prevent escalationContain the situation / Prevent escalationEvacuate if necessary – account for all staff in Evacuate if necessary – account for all staff in your work areayour work areaCo-operate fully with emergency personnelCo-operate fully with emergency personnelPreserve the incident site for further Preserve the incident site for further investigationinvestigationRecord / report details of the incident no matter Record / report details of the incident no matter how smallhow smallHelp restore normality once the incident is overHelp restore normality once the incident is over

ReportingReporting

Each business has it’s own method of Each business has it’s own method of reporting incidents and hazards.reporting incidents and hazards.

All accidents are to be recordedAll accidents are to be recorded

Some accidents/ injuries require Workcover Some accidents/ injuries require Workcover notificationnotification

Workers Compensation documentation may Workers Compensation documentation may need to be filled out.need to be filled out.

REMEMBERREMEMBER

Protect Yourself FirstProtect Yourself FirstProtect those who cannot protect themselvesProtect those who cannot protect themselvesFollow company proceduresFollow company proceduresFollow directions of EMS PersonnelFollow directions of EMS PersonnelRemember as many details as possibleRemember as many details as possibleUse Risk Management to prevent Accidents & Use Risk Management to prevent Accidents & InjuriesInjuries

An Introduction An Introduction ToTo

PORTABLE FIRE PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERSEXTINGUISHERS

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES::UNDERSTANDUNDERSTAND the fire trianglethe fire triangle

IDENTIFYIDENTIFY 4 common classes of fires4 common classes of fires

SELECTSELECT the proper type of extinguisherthe proper type of extinguisher

EVALUATEEVALUATE when it is safe to fight an “early-stage” fire, when it is safe to fight an “early-stage” fire,

APPLYAPPLY the “P.A.S.S. method to operate a portable extinguisherthe “P.A.S.S. method to operate a portable extinguisher. . andand;;

UNDERSTAND UNDERSTAND the inspection Requirements for fire extinguishersthe inspection Requirements for fire extinguishers

What is a Fire?What is a Fire?

When a certain amount of heat is applied to a given fuel source with the presence of sufficient oxygen the result is a chemical reaction known

as combustion

heat

oxygen

fuel

The Fire TriangleThe Fire Triangleheat

oxygen

fuel

The fire triangle represents the

conditions under which a fire can survive

The Fire TriangleThe Fire Triangleheat

oxygen

fuel

Remove any one side of the triangle and a fire cannot sustain itself

Remove Heat by cooling…

Fire will extinguish

The Fire TriangleThe Fire Triangleheat

oxygen

fuel

Remove Oxygen by

smothering…

Fire will extinguish

The Fire TriangleThe Fire Triangleheat

oxygen

fuel

Remove Fuel by starving…

Fire will extinguish

Fire Extinguishing MethodsFire Extinguishing Methods

Removing the burning materialRemoving the burning material– Eg turning off the supply from a gas cylinderEg turning off the supply from a gas cylinder

Covering the burning materialCovering the burning material– Eg fireblanket over burning frypanEg fireblanket over burning frypan

Cooling using sprinklers or hose lines, Cooling using sprinklers or hose lines, and;and;

Interfering with the chemical chain reation Interfering with the chemical chain reation using fire fighting agentsusing fire fighting agents– Eg specialised fire extinguishersEg specialised fire extinguishers

In trained hands a fire extinguisher is an In trained hands a fire extinguisher is an effective tool in firefighting. effective tool in firefighting.

After 1 minute preheating, this fire took just 8 seconds to extinguish

Know how to recognise the proper type of Know how to recognise the proper type of extinguisher extinguisher

Know how to make a Know how to make a

“ “Fight or FlightFight or Flight” analysis ” analysis and;and;

Are familiar with the “P.A.S.S. method”Are familiar with the “P.A.S.S. method”

EXPERIENCED OPERATORS

COMMON FIRE CLASSIFICATIONSCOMMON FIRE CLASSIFICATIONS As seen on most commercial fire As seen on most commercial fire

extinguishersextinguishers ““Ordinary” combustiblesOrdinary” combustibles PPaper, wood, rubber, plastics aper, wood, rubber, plastics and and

textiles.textiles.

““Flammable liquids”Flammable liquids” Oil, Petrol, solventsOil, Petrol, solvents

““Energized circuits”Energized circuits”

Electrical equipmentElectrical equipment and computersand computers

NoteNote – The former E class has been re – The former E class has been re evaluated. evaluated. All classes of fire can have an element of All classes of fire can have an element of Electricity and is denoted by the letter E Electricity and is denoted by the letter E following the main class letter following the main class letter EgEg Class AE Class AE

In Australia there are 5 classes In Australia there are 5 classes of fireof fire

A – Paper, Wood, Natural fibres

B – Flammable liquids / Liquid Hydrocarbons

C – Flammable Gases

D – Combustible Metals / Solids

F – Fats & Oils

COMMON COMMON FIREFIRE EXTINGUISHERS:EXTINGUISHERS:

Water Red BandRed Band

Foam Blue Band

Dry Chemical White Band

Carbon Dioxide Black BandBlack Band

Wet Chemical Oatmeal Band

Vapourising Liquids Yellow Band

PRE 1999 Colour

Post 1999 Colour

Green Indicates best performance

For “A” Class fires use these extinguishers

Only Limited use on these types of fire

Note (ABE) or (BE) Dry Chemical

CLASS A FIRESCLASS A FIRES

ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLESORDINARY COMBUSTIBLES

WOODWOOD

PAPERPAPER

UPHOLSTERYUPHOLSTERY

PLASTICSPLASTICS

Limited

Use

Limited

Use

CLASS B FIRESCLASS B FIRES

FLAMMABLE & FLAMMABLE & COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSCOMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

PETROLPETROLOILOILTHINNERSTHINNERSPAINTSPAINTS

LimitedUse

LimitedUse

NOTE

Alcohol reacts with normal foam breaking the smothering Alcohol reacts with normal foam breaking the smothering effect. It is therefore recommended that special foam be used effect. It is therefore recommended that special foam be used for alcohol firesfor alcohol fires

Fire Blankets can be used on small class B fires

CLASS C FIRESCLASS C FIRES

FLAMMABLE GASESFLAMMABLE GASES

NATURAL GASNATURAL GAS

LPG (PROPANE)LPG (PROPANE)

ACETYLENEACETYLENE

HYDROGENHYDROGEN

LimitedUse

LimitedUse

NOTE

Some gases such as LPG and Natural Gas are heavier than air. Extinguishing these Some gases such as LPG and Natural Gas are heavier than air. Extinguishing these fires may present a greater risk by allowing unburnt vapour clouds to flow into drainsfires may present a greater risk by allowing unburnt vapour clouds to flow into drainsor other low points increasing the risk of vapour explosion. It is recommended that ifor other low points increasing the risk of vapour explosion. It is recommended that ifthe supply cannot be turned off, then keeping the cylinders cool while allowing the the supply cannot be turned off, then keeping the cylinders cool while allowing the gas to burn is the best option. This will usually be left to the relevant fire authority.gas to burn is the best option. This will usually be left to the relevant fire authority.

CLASS D FIRESCLASS D FIRESCOMBUSTIBLE COMBUSTIBLE METALSMETALS

MAGNESIUMMAGNESIUM

SODIUMSODIUM

POTASSIUMPOTASSIUM

SpecialAgents

Limited

Use

If there is a risk of a D class fire, the If there is a risk of a D class fire, the appropriate fire extinguisher should be appropriate fire extinguisher should be provided. There is an increased risk of provided. There is an increased risk of explosion with D class fires.explosion with D class fires.

(E) FIRES(E) FIRESNOT AN ACTUAL CLASS OF FIRE, NOT AN ACTUAL CLASS OF FIRE,

BUT ANY OTHER CLASS OF FIRE BUT ANY OTHER CLASS OF FIRE THAT INVOLVES ELECTRICITY THAT INVOLVES ELECTRICITY

WIRINGWIRING

ELECTRIC MOTORSELECTRIC MOTORS

SWITCH BOXESSWITCH BOXES

HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCESHOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES

T- VF- 16

CLASS F FIRESCLASS F FIRES

HOT FAT FIRESHOT FAT FIRES

Usually inUsually in

COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL KITCHENSKITCHENS

FAST FOOD FAST FOOD OUTLETSOUTLETS

LimitedUse

LimitedUse

LimitedUse

LimitedUse(BE)

Use of a fire blanket may be used in kitchen areas

Portable FirePortable Fire Extinguishers Extinguishers

LIMITED IN:LIMITED IN:CapacityCapacity

RangeRange

DurationDuration

ExtinguisherExtinguisher Common features Common features

Locking pinLocking pin

Carrying handle / operating lever Carrying handle / operating lever

Pressure gaugePressure gauge

Label :Label :– TypeType (Water, C02, Dry Chemical) (Water, C02, Dry Chemical)– Classification Classification (A, B, C, D, F)(A, B, C, D, F)– Capacity RatingCapacity Rating– Instructions Instructions

Discharge nozzle or hornDischarge nozzle or horn

upon discoveryupon discovery of of fire or smokefire or smoke RACERACE

RRemoveemove persons in immediate danger!persons in immediate danger!

AActivatectivate the building alarm !the building alarm !

CCallall 000 (Fire Brigade) !000 (Fire Brigade) !

EEnsurensure doors are closed!doors are closed! ( (confine confine fire/smokefire/smoke))

Treat ALL fires as DANGEROUS!Treat ALL fires as DANGEROUS!

Continue a complete building evacuationContinue a complete building evacuation

Attempt to fight fire if safe to do soAttempt to fight fire if safe to do so

Fight an early stage fire Fight an early stage fire when:when:

Building is being evacuated (Alarm raised)Building is being evacuated (Alarm raised)

Fire Brigade has been called (Dial 000!)Fire Brigade has been called (Dial 000!)

Fire is NOT spreading (small and contained)Fire is NOT spreading (small and contained)

EXIT IS CLEAR (EXIT IS CLEAR (fight fire with your back to an exitfight fire with your back to an exit ) )

Proper extinguisher is at hand,Proper extinguisher is at hand, (if you have been trained and know how to use it)(if you have been trained and know how to use it)

You use “Buddy System” - have someone You use “Buddy System” - have someone back you upback you up

P.A.S.S.

PULL

AIM

SQUEEZE

SWEEP

Remember the PASS word:

Twist &Twist & PPULLULL the pinthe pin

AAIMIMLOW LOW atat the base of the fire the base of the fire

(To the rear and side for foam application)

SSQUEEZEQUEEZEthe leverthe lever

SSWEEPWEEPfrom side to side

(Lob the agent for foam application)

Remember to ensure safe egressRemember to ensure safe egress

Keep watch for re ignition

Using The Hose ReelUsing The Hose Reel

Hose Reels are Fire Extinguishing devices Hose Reels are Fire Extinguishing devices too. (Misuse may be an offence)too. (Misuse may be an offence)Instead of P.A.S.S use A.SInstead of P.A.S.S use A.S– Aim at base of fireAim at base of fire– Sweep from Side to SideSweep from Side to Side

Use only on A Class Fires (Paper Wood Use only on A Class Fires (Paper Wood Etc)Etc)Remember to work with a “Buddy” and Remember to work with a “Buddy” and keep your back to a safe exit point.keep your back to a safe exit point.NOT FOR USE on electrically charged NOT FOR USE on electrically charged circuitscircuits

SIGNAGESIGNAGESigns must be clearly displayedSigns must be clearly displayed

AS2700

•Above or adjacent to an extinguisher

•One sign may be used to denote a group of extinguishers

•Must be clearly visible to persons approaching the extinguisher (up to 20 metres)

•Not less than 2 metres above the ground

Maintenance & InspectionMaintenance & Inspection

All fire fighting equipment to be inspected:All fire fighting equipment to be inspected:– Extinguishers - 6 monthly (AS 2444)Extinguishers - 6 monthly (AS 2444)– Extinguisher pressure test – 6 yearly (AS2444)Extinguisher pressure test – 6 yearly (AS2444)– Hose Reels – 6 monthly (AS 1851)Hose Reels – 6 monthly (AS 1851)– Fire Blankets – 1 yearly (AS 1851)Fire Blankets – 1 yearly (AS 1851)

Serviceable extinguishers and hose reels must have an Serviceable extinguishers and hose reels must have an appropriately stamped metal inspection tag.appropriately stamped metal inspection tag.Maintenance only to be carried out by qualified Maintenance only to be carried out by qualified technicianstechniciansDamaged, undercharged, expended or out of date fire Damaged, undercharged, expended or out of date fire fighting equipment must be inspected, serviced and / or fighting equipment must be inspected, serviced and / or replaced. replaced.

Pressure GaugesPressure Gauges

Pressure gauges, where fitted, should indicate Pressure gauges, where fitted, should indicate a pressure reading in the “a pressure reading in the “GREENGREEN” area.” area.

If the pressure is too low, ensure that the If the pressure is too low, ensure that the extinguisher is inspected, serviced and / or extinguisher is inspected, serviced and / or replaced. replaced.

Used extinguishers must not be returned to Used extinguishers must not be returned to their hook. They must be laid down (horizontal) their hook. They must be laid down (horizontal) on the ground to indicate that they have been on the ground to indicate that they have been used.used.

ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT

Complete questions 1 to 7 on your Complete questions 1 to 7 on your assessment sheet.assessment sheet.

Next SessionsNext Sessions

Your next session will be a practical Your next session will be a practical demonstration and assessment on the demonstration and assessment on the

use of water extinguishersuse of water extinguishers