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Transparency, accountability and the new water challenges . Julia Bucknall The World Bank . As water challenges get more complex, accountability becomes increasingly important . As water challenges get more complex, accountability becomes increasingly important . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Transparency, accountability and the new water challenges
Julia Bucknall The World Bank
As water challenges get more complex, accountability becomes increasingly important
Accountability matters more as resources become harder to manage and clients demand more sophisticated services
Generation, dissemination and use of information are necessary but not
sufficient for improved accountability
High and low-tech methods can help generate, disseminate and use information
across all parts of water
As water challenges get more complex, accountability becomes increasingly important
Accountability matters more as resources become harder to manage and clients demand more sophisticated services
Generation, dissemination and use of information are necessary but not
sufficient for improved accountability
High and low-tech methods can help generate, disseminate and use information
across all parts of water
As water challenges grow, so does need for governance
Available water
Efficient water systems
Clean, productive, equitable water
Engineering
Institutions
Accountability
Concerns about Scarcity, QualityCustomer demand
Pre-Arab Spring MENA suggests that accountability is associated with better water management
Water particularly vulnerable to opacity
• Highly politically sensitive service, human right• Often shared across international borders• Water services involve multiple levels of government, roles
and responsibilities may overlap or have gaps • Complicated hydrology:
– underground flows, underground storage, storage in ice, snow and glaciers, uncertainty of climate change
– non-consumptive use, consumptive use– quantity, quality, timing, geographic distribution
• Complicated funding when public utilities all under the same budget, when definitions vary
As water challenges get more complex, accountability becomes increasingly important
Accountability matters more as resources become harder to manage and clients demand more sophisticated services
Generation, dissemination and use of information are necessary but not
sufficient for improved accountability
High and low-tech methods can help generate, disseminate and use information
across all parts of water
Information can help at all stages of water management
A • Assessment – how much do we have?
B • Bargaining – how do we allocate it?
C • Codification – laws and rules
D • Delegation – institutions to implement the rules
E • Engineering
F • Feedback
Source: Perry, C
But information will not be sufficient
• Many water decisions are zero sum games – Water– Right to pollute – Public finance
• Many require large numbers of people to change their behaviour
• Many have long-term diffuse benefits and short term concentrated costs
As water challenges get more complex, accountability becomes increasingly important
Accountability matters more as resources become harder to manage and clients demand more sophisticated services
Generation, dissemination and use of information are necessary but not
sufficient for improved accountability
High and low-tech methods can help generate, disseminate and use information
across all parts of water
New technologies can help improve accountability across all of water
• How much water do we have?• How is it allocated?• How are rules enforced?• Who actually uses the water ?
water
• How is public spending allocated
• How is public spending used?• Who benefits from spending?
finance • Is the pump working?• Is the water in the well
contaminated?• How much water did I use this
month?• Is my bill right?• Can I pay my bill directly?
services
New technologies can help improve accountability across all of water
• How much water do we have?• How is it allocated?• How are rules enforced?• Who actually uses the water ?
water
• How is public spending allocated
• How is public spending used?• Who benefits from spending?
finance • Is the pump working?• Is the water in the well
contaminated?• How much water did I use this
month?• Is my bill right?• Can I pay my bill directly?
servicesRed fields generate four time more wine per liter of water than fields in blueUse technology to target extension work, enforcement of groundwater limits
• How much water do we have?• How is it allocated?• How are rules enforced?• Who actually uses the water ?
water
• How is public spending allocated
• How is public spending used?• Who benefits from spending?
finance • Is the pump working?• Is the water in the well
contaminated?• How much water did I use this
month?• Is my bill right?• Can I pay my bill directly?
services
New technologies can help improve accountability across all of water
• How much water do we have?• How is it allocated?• How are rules enforced?• Who actually uses the water ?
water
• How is public spending allocated
• How is public spending used?• Who benefits from spending?
finance • Is the pump working?• Is the water in the well
contaminated?• How much water did I use this
month?• Is my bill right?• Can I pay my bill directly?
services
• Farmers monitor their own water resources in fields, with low-tech, low-cost techniques
• Women took the lead. The community now sells data to government hydrological services
• >1 mn farmers changed agricultural practices to produce more sustainable crop production
World Bank(2010)
Can encourage data production, dissemination and use through old methods as well
Hackathons are one way the WB has encouraged generation, publication and use of water information
Hackathons pay off most if you invest in curating the problem statements
• We invested in exploiting our relative comparative advantages– Hackers know how to make code – Hackers work hard and fast when motivated by an idea– The World Bank can help clients state their problems in a way that hackers
can work with – The clients make themselves and their data available during the hackathon– Prizes in form of recognition and facilitation of follow-up from the
prototypes developed over the hackathon • Many of the benefits came from meeting of two different
communities – Several non-winning apps are now being used routinely– Teams working on one app are now developing solutions for water teams
in other countries
Transparency can help governance of an increasingly complex water problem
Available water
Efficient water systems
Clean, productive, equitable water
Engineering
Institutions
Accountability
Concerns about Scarcity, QualityCustomer demand
