Upload
others
View
3
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Jean-Marcel Ribaut
5th NGGIBCI
February 18-20,2015
ICRISAT, Patancheru, India
Translational Biology: The
Generation Challenge Programme –
A Successful Case Study
Our Discussion Today:
Translational biology
Introduction to GCP
Major achievements
The Integrated Breeding Platform
Lessons learnt and legacy
Perspectives and conclusion
Translational Biology
A “Must Have” to have impact on the ground
A lot of good intention but still too little impact
Research: Link upstream with applied research with well
defined delivery pipeline
Examples of initiatives: Gates Foundation projects, African Orphan
Crop Consortium, NGGIBCI, GCP, others
Deployment and sustainable adoption: Remains the major
challenge
Still paternalistic approaches
Keep scientists/breeders excited about their work (capacity building,
funds, recognition, partnerships, professional development, etc)
It starts by implementing good practices
Infrastructure (field and IT)
Data and knowledge management
Quality control
Impact of translational biology often relies on change management
and the human component should not be underestimated
The Generation Challenge Programme
An Introduction
GCP in brief
A CGIAR Challenge Programme hosted at CIMMYT
Launched in August 2003
10-year framework (Phase I, 2004–2008; Phase II, 2009–2013), with
2014 as the closing year
About US$15–17m annual budget
Target zones: drought-prone environments
Sub-Saharan Africa, South & South East Asia, L. America
Eighteen CGIAR mandate crops in Phase I
Nine CGIAR mandate crops in Phase II
Cereals: maize, rice, sorghum, wheat,
Legumes: beans, chickpeas, cowpeas, groundnuts
Roots and tubers: cassava
Strategic objective: To use genetic diversity and advanced plant science to improve crops for greater food security in the developing world
GCP: A broker in plant science bridging the gap between upstream and applied science
www.generationcp.org
Phase II
Generation Challenge Programme (2013-2014)
('000 USD) Total
Income - Donors 2003-2014 %
Austria 54 0
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 34,238 20
CGIAR Fund 16,521 10
DFID/UK 31,767 19
European Commission 57,280 34
Kirkhouse 15 0
Pioneer Foundation 210 0
Rockefeller Foundation 2,225 1
Sweden/SIDA 874 1
Switzerland/SDC 3,557 2
Syngenta Foundation 688 0
University of Illinois 48 0
USAID 400 0
World Bank 17,756 11
Interest Income 1,330 1
Other Income 55 0
Total Income 167,018 100
Expenditure
Research 142,550 86
Program Management 24,168 14 Total 166,718 100
Balance 300
Selected key achievements
Indicators
Money allocation to partners
Significant in-kind contribution from partners
Open exchange of experience and information
Partners not necessarily attracted (purely) by money, but to be part
of a network, visibility and exchanges with peers abroad
Critical but indispensable intangibles – trust and goodwill
Partners continue to work together after GCP projects end
Evolution of roles and responsibilities
A switch: Leaders become mentors
Knowledge applied & transferred: Trainees become doers & leaders
In phase II, more than half of our PIs are from developing countries
and more than half the grants go directly to National Programmes
It takes time and resources to nurture and implement true
partnership!
True Partnerships
The sorghum case: From Cornell to African farmers’
fields with a stopover in Brazil: a ten-year effort
Step 1: Competitive Project (initiated 2004)
Led by Cornell in collaboration with EMBRAPA
Plantlets screened under hydroponics – Alt1 Gene cloned
Magalhaes et al. 2007, Nature Genetics, 39: 1156–1151
Step 2: Competitive Project (initiated 2007)
Led by EMBRAPA in collaboration with Cornell
Favourable alleles identified – Improved germplasm for
Brazil
Caniato et al. 2011, PLoS One 6, e20830
Step 3: Commissioned work (initiated 2009)
Led by Moi University in collaboration with EMBRAPA
Introgression of favourable alleles – Improved germplasm
for Kenya and Niger
Linking Upstream with Applied Science
Genetic resources
Reference sets for 18 crops (all CGIAR mandate crops)
Genomic resources
Markers for orphan crops
Informative markers
Drought, viruses and insect resistance
Genes/QTL
AltSB for Al tolerance, Pup1 for P uptake efficiency, Saltol for salt tolerance
and Sub1 for submergence tolerance.
Improved germplasm
New bioinformatic tools (data management, diversity studies, breeding,
etc)
Enhanced capacity for MAB in NARS programmes
Human resource capacity / physical infrastructure / analytical power
Ex-ante analyses of MAB impact in developing countries
Product catalogue: www.generationcp.org/impact/product-catalogue
Selected Major Research Outputs
Peer-reviewed publications
5
25
51 57
68
78 73
90
32
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Journal articles published: 2005‒2013
Year
Nu
mb
er
In selected high-impact journals (2007‒2013):
• Nature: 5, Nature Biotech: 3
• Nature Genetics: 2, PNAS: 8
‘Classic’ approach
Formal postgraduate training programmes
100+ MSc and PhD students whose work is embedded in research projects
Workshops, fellowship grantees, travel grants
Train-the-trainers for future regionalised capacity-building sustainability
Communities of practice
Rice in the Mekong; Cassava in Africa
IBP-hosted (both crop- and expertise-based)
Perhaps not so common – probably uniquely GCP
Capacity building à la carte
Integrated Breeding Multi-Year Course: breeding, data management,
data analysis
CB along the delivery chain (scientists, technicians, station managers)
Technical support for infrastructure implementation
IBP an integrated way to promote the problem-solving approach
It is really about “learning as you go”
Capacity building
The Integrated Breeding Platform
IBP General Overview
The Integrated Breeding Platform
https://www.integratedbreeding.net
IBP Overall Objective
To improve the efficiency of plant breeding
programmes in developing countries by enabling plant
breeders to access modern breeding technologies,
breeding materials and related information in a
centralised, integrated and practical manner
A platform to facilitate sustainable adoption and
implementation of translational research outputs to
serve plant breeding needs
BMS Core Applications
IBP General Overview
Programme & information
management
• WorkBench (dashboard view)
• Study Browser
• Breeder Queries
• Ontology Manager (9 crops)
• Germplasm import tool
• Data import tool
Breeding activities
• Germplasm List Manager
• Crossing Manager
• Nursery Manager, with Seed
Inventory
• Trial Manager
• Integrated Breeding
FieldBook
Statistical analysis –
Breeding View:
• Single-Site Analysis
• Multi-Site Analysis
• Multi-Year Multi-Site Analysis;
• Breeding View Standalone
for QTL
• Quality assurance
Marker-assisted breeding
• Integrated Breeding Planner
• Genotypic Data Management
System (GDMS)
• QTL Analysis Tools
• Molecular Breeding Design
Tool (MBDT)
• OptiMAS
BMS: Breeding Services
BMS: Research Outputs Deployment
BMS: Alt1 as predictive marker
Supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: $12M
GCP carry-over: $4M
Clear shift from development to deployment!
Deployment of the BMS is not just about adopting new
technology; it is about changing the way of doing breeding
Behaviour change is a (THE) major challenge
Focuses on sustainable adoption of good breeding practice,
starting with suitable and modern data management
Very different baselines depending on breeding programme
format, resources and objectives
Specific deployment plan
IBP Phase II (Oct 2014-2019)
One size doesn’t fit all!
Local Support: A “must have”
I/ BMS
Network
CB
Crop
resources
Services
IBP
Mid-term vision, beyond the current IBP:
An Integrated Breeding Management System
Station MS
GIS MS Breeding MS
Finance MS
Lessons Learnt and
Conclusions
Lessons Learnt and Conclusions (I)
Still early to measure impact on the ground at this stage
but overall, it seems that GCP has been a successful
venture: Quality of science supported by impressive set of publications
Broad range of products have been generated
Networks will continue to operate under the leadership of
champions (regional, crop specific, across institutions)
The GCP is already missed!
Major achievements probably revolve around: Establishment of true and dynamic partnerships based on trust
and evolution of responsibilities: The GCP spirit!
Cultural change on how to run R4D projects from a research and
management perspective
Enabling partners in developing countries to access modern
biotechnologies
Lessons Learnt and Conclusions (II)
An combined management of competitive vs
commissioned projects has been key to succeed
The GCP model: “Broker in plant science” can be applied
to complement institutional core activities
Lessons learnt from the CPs in general and GCP in
particular can positively inform the CRP organisational and
operational models
The legacy: The IBP lives on!
Contributing to promote breeding evolution-revolution
An integrated and comprehensive “one stop shop” approach
Enabling GCP product deployment
Providing capacity building support “as you go”
An innovative business model approach
The BMS is building a very good momentum with increasing demand!
GCP/IBP International Staff 2003 - 2014
Akinola Akintunde
Antonia Okono
Arllet Portugal
Carmen de Vicente
Chunlin He
Clarissa Pimentel
Claudia Bedoya
Corina Habito
Delphin Fleury
Diego González-de-León
Eloise Phipps
Fernando Rojas
Fred Okono
Gillian Summers
Graham McLaren
Hamer Pascal
Hei Leung
Humberto Gomez
Jan Erik Backlund
Jean Christophe Glaszmann
Jenny Nelson
Jonathan Crouch
Kaitlin Lesnick
Kate Durbin
Larry Butler
Mae Christine Maghirang
Maria Teresa Ulat
Mark Sawkins
Ndeye Ndack Diop
Nelzo Ereful
Nosisa Mayaba
Peter Ninnes
Philippe Monneveux
Rajeev Varshney
Robert S. Zeigler
Rowena Tulod
Shawn Yarnes
Theo van Hintum
Valérie Boire
Xavier Delannay
GCP People:
The Programme’s Greatest Asset!
TheChallengeisbig:DigenicepistaticnetworksofFFLWinMaize
105
120
30
80
140
1
10
155
4
9
4
90
1
0
60
9
5
180
2
5
200
1
9
95
1
2
305
2
65
1
10
7
15
5
309
5
11
165
2
1 TL03BWW
2 TL03AIS
3 TL04BWW
4 TL04AIS
5 ZW03BIS
6 ZW03BSS
7 ZW04AWW
8 ZW04BIS
9 ZW04BSS
Genomics: sometime a flavor of The
Miracle Approach
Crop diversity
Improved
crops
Genomics
Translational Biology: To increase the
probability that the Miracle occurs
Genomics: The Plant Genome
Unveiled Today! Now what do we do with that?
Our Mission is Clearly Defined!
Thank you very much!