Transitional shelter

Who do you think you are?

• Not an academic• Recent graduate from Cardiff - did this course• Working for ELRHA – part of Save the Children• Previous Operation’s Co-ordinator for EWB-UK• Worked in Uganda and India

What are you on about?

• Humanitarian vs Development• Emergency cycle• Disaster risk reduction• Construction without infrastructure• Systems vs product• Further information

• Emergency response• Heavy surge and no

regrets– Large and rapid response

• 85% self funded• Huge organisation• Employs professionals• Alleviates suffering

• International Development

• Massive small change• Two outputs• Low budget• Largely voluntary• Student / recent grad• Alleviates poverty

Grey area

Grey area

Disaster cycle

Preparedness

Rebuild

Risk reduction

Disaster

ReliefRestorationTransition

Emergency Development

International development / disaster risk reduction / capacity building

Emergency relief / humanitarian aid

Package strapping

Josh Macabuag

http://www.ewb-uk.org/system/files/Macabuag+Bhattacharya+report.pdf

Josh Macabuag

http://www.ewb-uk.org/system/files/Macabuag+Bhattacharya+report.pdf

Bamboo retro-fit

Stephen Joneshttp://www.ewb-uk.org/knowledge/habitat

Stephen Joneshttp://www.ewb-uk.org/knowledge/habitat

Stephen Joneshttp://www.ewb-uk.org/knowledge/habitat

Building in UgandaDig foundation trench by

hand

Fill and ‘grade’ hardcore by hand

Mix and pour several tonnes of concrete by hand

Construct walls and roof by hand

Deliveries?

The wacker-plate

Process vs product

• Hexayurt• Universally

rejected by Shelter sector

• Brilliant design

• Yet inappropriate

Dignity

• Living conditions– Would you want your Mum to live in it?– Would you live in it?– Where / how do you:

• Wash? / Cook? / Sleep? / Relax? / Defecate?– How much space do people need?– How do you ensure security?

• What are the aspirations and expectations?• Is their acceptance by the local population?

Participation

• Include the people in the design– Participatory planning sessions

• Needs assessment– Consider (ask) what they want/need

• Have you included all social group?– Women, children, elderly, disabled, discriminated

• How will the people manage their homes?

Ownership

• Who owns the land?– Has the population migrated?– Has the disaster displaced them?– Do they have land tenure?

• Who ultimately owns the shelter?– How do you ensure ownership?

• How will it be maintained?

Labour

• Where does the labour come from?– Pay a contractor?

• Good in extreme circumstances.• Who pays? Who gets the houses? Who owns them?

– Source from a community base?• Good if communities still exist and for central buildings• Who builds? How do you distribute?

– Get individuals to build their own homes?• How can they afford this? What about livelihood? Child

protection?

Resource and distribution

• Where do the materials come from?• How do you distribute them to people?

– Cash / voucher systems– Handouts– Local suppliers / markets

• How quickly do you need them and at what scale?

• How will you transport materials?• Are materials sustainably sourced?

Skills

• What skills are available locally?• How complex is your design?• Would people need supervision?• What about setting up capacity building

programme?– Advice and information centre– Construction training

Governance

• Humanitarian agencies do not work without the consent of the Government

• Projects must be established within existing governmental structures

• Does aid remove the burden on governments to provide for their own people?

Further information• Sphere Standards

– http://www.sphereproject.org/• The Shelter Cluster

– https://www.sheltercluster.org• The Shelter Centre Library

– http://sheltercentre.org/library• Practical Answers

– http://practicalaction.org/practicalanswers/?url=practicalanswers• ELRHA

– http://www.elrha.org/• CENDEP

– www.brookes.ac.uk/schools/be/research/cendep/index.html • UNDP, UNHCR, UNOCHA, IFRC, etc• Prevention Web, Relief Web and Alertnet