1 of3Transformer components TRANSFORMER COMPONENTS The different elements, parts and components of a transformer can be devided into the following two main groups: 1. Active Part2. Passive PartThe active part consist of the core, windings, insulation and often also the tap changer. The active part makes the transformer a transformer, i.e. functions as a galvanic isolation and/or transforms voltage from one level to another. The passive part is needed in order to make the transformer functional in reality, e.g. cooling equipment, protective equipment etc. ACTIVE PART The active part consist of the core, windings, insulation and often also the tap changer. The active part makes the transformer a transformer, i.e. functions as a galvanic isolation and/or transforms voltage from one level to another. The active part is different depending on thebasic transformer concept, dry-type v.s. liquid/oil immersed transformer, mainly because of different insulation material. Core Windings Insulation MaterialInsulation LiquidsTap Changer - Voltage VariationBasic Transformer Concept Dry-Type Transformers: Vacuum Pressure Impregnated Vacuum Pressure Encapsulated Cast Resin Encapsulated Glass Fibre re-inforced Resin Encapsulated Liquid/Oil Immersed Transformers: Hermetically Sealed Breathing Type Transformer Oil Insulating oil/liquids have high-insulating qualities and serve two purposes: insulate the coils help dissipate the heat generated by the resistance of the windings and eddy currents in the core and other parts of iron. If th is heat w ere not removed the transformer would operate at excessively high temperatures, which in turn, would damage or destroy the insulation on the coils. There are two major groups of transformer oils/liquids and some examples: Mineral Oil Inhibited Un-inhitibed Nonflammable Liquids Synthetic Esters Silicone Oil Mineral oil is a nontoxic insulating liquid. It is used in different types of high- voltage electrical
