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Trajectory Analyses for the Kunming Measurements
Qiujun Fan 范秋君 ,
IAP (with Jianchun Bian)
Leigh Munchak,
NCAR (with Laura Pan)
Kenneth Bowman
Texas A&M University
Large-Scale Conditions of the Kunming Campaign (Aug 2009)
Objectives of This Study
• Identify origins and transport pathways of the air mass that contributes to the KunMing Measurements
– Inside vs. outside the anticyclone
– Convective influence in the UT – tropics vs. Tibetan plateau
• Performance of the trajectory model in this type of study - How well the convective influence is represented in the analyses winds
Model and Analyses
• Trajectory Model used: TRAJ3D (Bowman, 1993)
– Kinematic using 3D winds
• Meteorological Analyses used: NCEP GFS/FNL
– 1x1 degree Lat/Lon, 26 pressure levels 1000 - 1 hPa, 6 hourly
• Limitations
– No vertical velocity field above the 100 hPa level in the data
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
O zone M ixing R atio (ppbv) 10 100 1000 10000
-60 -30 0Tem perature (C )
0 100 200O zone (ppbv)
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
-40 0 40 80 120RHi (% )
50
500
Case1 Deep Conv. in Typhoon @ Large-Scale Transp.
Low O3 & H2O at 100 mbStrong shear below and abovePositive correlation between O3 and RHi
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing Ratio (ppm v)
1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)
0.1
1.0
Ozo
ne M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
mv)
14 :11:00 20090808
Case 1
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)
1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ix ing R atio (ppm v)
0.1
1.0
Ozo
ne M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
mv)
14 :11:00 20090808
0 100 200O zone (ppbv)
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
-40 0 40 80 120RHi (% )
50
500
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
O zone M ixing R atio (ppbv) 10 100 1000 10000
-60 -30 0Tem perature (C )
0 50 100 150R elative H um id ity (% )
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
14 :02:05 20090807
R S80
C FH over liqu id
C FH over ice
Case 2 Extra-Tropical Stratospheric Intrusion
Thick dry and high-O3 layer in mid-troposphere
Case 0807
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)
1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ix ing R atio (ppm v)
0.1
1.0
Ozo
ne M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
mv)
14 :02:05 20090807
0 50 100 150R elative H um id ity (% )
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
14 :02:05 20090807
R S80
C FH over liqu id
C FH over ice
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)
1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ix ing R atio (ppm v)
0.1
1.0
Ozo
ne M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
mv)
14 :02:05 20090807
Case 2
0 50 100 150R elative H um id ity (% )
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
19 :04:09 20090810
R S 80
C FH over liqu id
C FH over ice
0 100 200R H i (% )
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .00 0.04 0.08 0.12O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)
Case 3 Super-Saturation with Multiple or Thick Layers
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing Ratio (ppm v)
1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ixing Ratio (ppm v)
0.1
1.0
Ozo
ne M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
mv)
19 :04:09 20090810
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000W ater vapor M ixing R atio (ppm v)
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
0 .1 1.0 10.0O zone M ixing R atio (ppm v)
1 10 100 1000W ater vapor M ix ing R atio (ppm v)
0.1
1.0
Ozo
ne M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
mv)
19 :04:09 20090810
0 50 100 150R elative H um id ity (% )
10
100
1000
Pre
ssur
e (h
Pa)
19 :04:09 20090810
R S 80
C FH over liqu id
C FH over ice
Case 3
Summary and Conclusions
• Air mass contributes to the KunMing Measurements – from both inside and outside of the anticyclone
• Convective influence in the UT – tropical storm/Typhoon had significant influence to the layer near the cold point
• Performance of the trajectory model – consistent with key observational features of the soundings – more work will follow up