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PMP-theories of personalityKrishna.V.N
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PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT FOR BUSINESS PERFORMANCE
Personality-DefinitionIt is a stable set of internal
characteristics and tendencies that determines the psychological behavior of people.
It is particular pattern of behavior and thinking that prevail across time and contexts and differentiates one person from another.
PERSONALITY THEORIES
Trait Theory Type TheoryPsychoanalytic TheorySocial learning TheoryHumanistic Approaches
Trait Theory
Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits.
Trait is the habitual pattern of behavior, thought and emotions.
It is stable over time, differ among individuals and it influence behavior of human beings.
Gordan Allport’s trait theory
This Theory categorizes three trait levels
Cardinal traitsCentral traitsSecondary traits
Catell’s 16 personality factor questionnaireSurface traits:- characteristic, observable ways of behaving
Source traits:- underlying traits from which surface traits are derived; according to Cattell, there appear to be 16
16 Personality Factors Scale (16 PF):- Assesses source traits, and is often used to measure group differences between people of various occupations
Eysenck’s three dimensions of personalityIntroversion/ Extraversion:- involves
directing attention on inner experiencesNeuroticism/Emotional stability:- refers to
an individual’s tendency to become upset or emotional, while stability refers to the tendency to remain emotionally constant.
Psychoticism:- Individuals who are high on this trait tend to have difficulty dealing with reality.
5 factor theory of personalityIt represents the 5 core traits that
interact to form human personalityExtroversionAgreeablenessConscientiousnessEmotional stabilityOpenness to experience
Strengths of trait theoryObjectivity.Ease of Use and UnderstandingDeveloping Psychological TestsSpawning Theories Concerning the Fit Between Personality and Jobs
Identifying of Basic TraitsPointing Out that Traits are Reasonably Stable
Weakness of the trait theory Is Descriptive, Not Explanative Circular Explanations Situational Variability in Behavior Poor Predictor of Future Behavior Lead people to accept oversimplified
classifications, or worse offer advice, based on a superficial analysis of their personality
Applications of trait theorypersonality traits are desired for
success in the workplace.Can be used to lead to a career
choice.Form basis for personality
assessment devices
Type theoriesrefers to the psychological
classification of different types of people
Based on two pairs of psychological functions:
Perceiving functionsJudging functionsType A and Type B personality
theory by Meyer Friedman
Type AType A individuals can be described
as impatient, time-conscious, concerned about their status, highly competitive, ambitious, business-like, aggressive, having difficulty relaxing
Type A individuals are often described as "stress junkies."
Type B Type B individuals, in contrast, are
described as patient, relaxed, and easy-going under-achievers, generally lacking any sense of urgency. Because of these characteristics, Type B individuals are often described as apathetic and disengaged.
Strengths of the theoryclassify people into distinct
categoriessimple applicabilityperson-centered
Weakness of the theoryover-simplisticQuantitative nature
Applications for Personality TypesCareer GuidanceManaging EmployeesInter-personal RelationshipsEducationCounseling
Thank you Krishna.V.N S3 MBA Roll No:20 AIIM