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TRAINING WORKSHOP ON BIOMASS GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES SUMMARY REPORT UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (UET), PESHAWAR FEBRUARY 18, 2016
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III
Project Team
Petron
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Bilal Khan (T.I.)
Principal USPCAS-E NUST
Co-Principal Investigator
Capacity Building and Strengthening Biomass Gasification Technology Support
System
Dr.Eng. Muhammad Zubair,
Assistant Professor
USPCAS-E NUST
Principal Investigator,
Capacity Building and Strengthening Biomass Gasification Technology Support
System
Workshop Coordinators
Muneeb Qayyum
Project Coordinator
Capacity Building and Strengthening Biomass Gasification Technology Support
System
Areej Ahmad Khan
Communication and Outreach Officer
Capacity Building and Strengthening Biomass Gasification Technology Support
System
IV
Executive Summary
After the successful conclusion of the biomass gasification training workshop at the
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), a similar workshop was
organized by USPCAS-E NUST in collaboration with UNIDO at UET Peshawar. The
purpose of the training was to highlight the importance of biomass as a huge and
largely un-tapped energy resource for Pakistan, particularly for SME industries.
Participants of this training learned how technologies such as biomass gasification
have excellent potential for a variety of applications in Industry, rural electrification
and entrepreneurship development. The training was conducted by local and
international experts, designed for non-engineering professionals from small and
medium sized industrial facilities (SMEs), public sector organizations and
professionals from academic institutions. The training component included practical
demonstration of biomass gasifier (rated at 10 KW) for efficient conversion of
biomass into heat and electricity.
The workshop emphasized on capacity building of SMEs in terms of biomass
feedstock, finance and technology to adopt biomass gasification as an alternate
source of energy in Pakistan. Introducing Biomass Gasification in Pakistan is a step
toward efficient and environment friendly utilization of biomass/crop residue, an
indigenous energy source, to alleviate the energy shortfall faced by the industrial
sector.
V
Table of Contents Project Team ......................................................................................................... III
Executive Summary .............................................................................................. IV
Table of Contents ................................................................................................... V
1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 1
1.1 Objectives of the Workshop..................................................................... 1
1.2 Content of Workshop .............................................................................. 2
1.3 Methodology ........................................................................................... 2
1.4 Resource Persons .................................................................................... 2
1.5 Participants ............................................................................................. 2
2. Inaugural Session ....................................................................................... 3
2.1 Project brief, Principal Investigator ......................................................... 3
2.2 Welcome address, Associate Professor USPCAS-E NUST ....................... 4
2.3 Welcome note by UNIDO Project Manager .............................................. 4
2.4 Opening remarks by the Chief Guest ....................................................... 5
3. Working Session-1 ..................................................................................... 7
3.1 International Expert on BGTs (Dr. Ali Bahadur) ...................................... 7
4. Working Session-2 ..................................................................................... 8
4.1 Local expert in BGTs (Dr. Ehsan Ali) ...................................................... 8
5. Working Session-3 ..................................................................................... 9
5.1 Practical Demonstration of biomass gasifier ............................................ 9
6. Working session-4 .................................................................................... 10
6.1 Local expert in BGTs (Dr. Muhammad Zubair) ...................................... 10
7. Concluding Session .................................................................................. 11
8. Annexures ................................................................................................ 12
8.1 Annex-A Workshop Agenda ................................................................. 13
8.2 Annex-B List of Participants ................................................................. 14
8.3 Annex-C Media Coverage ..................................................................... 19
8.4 Annex-D Pictorial Glimpse.................................................................... 21
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1. Introduction
Gasifying biomass to produce a combustible gas provides the possibility for much
more efficient overall conversion of a given biomass resource into electric power
than is possible with traditional combustion-based technologies. Keeping in view the
advance nature and beneficial aspects of biomass gasification, capacity building is a
key element to spread awareness and establish optimized and skilled technical
services to promote training centers and research institutions, and promotion and
maintenance of installation of biomass gasifiers.
The training workshop was organised under the United Nations Industrial
Development Organization (UNIDO) project titled, "Promoting Sustainabale Energy
Generation and Use from Biomass in Pakistan". This project is funded by the Global
Environmental Facility (GEF). The implementation of one component of this project,
titled “Capacity Building and Strengthening of Biomass Gasification Support
System” has been assigned to the US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in
Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST),
Islamabad.
Technology providers and SMEs are important stakeholders of the project and are
beneficiaries of the activities being undertaken in this component . Technology
providers are very important in terms of having understanding and insight about the
design, types and fabrication of biomass gasifiers indigenously. It is very important
to have both stakeholders (technology providers and SMEs) at same page.
The second Training workshop to make both the stakeholders specifically non-
engineers cognizant of the concept of biomass gasification was organized in the
University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Peshawar. Furthermore practical
demonstration of biomass gasifier was a part of training workshop.
1.1 Objectives of the Workshop
The overall objective of the training workshop was to create awareness about
biomass gasification technologies based on regional availability of crop residues or
other suitable form of biomass among non-engineering professionals from small and
medium enterprises, academia and public sector organizations. The overall objective
is divided into sub-objectives as follows:
To give an insight about the design, installation and fabrication of biomass
gasifier.
To train non-engineer but technical experts of technology providers and SMEs
about operational and maintenance aspects of biomass gasifier.
Practical demonstration of biomass gasifier.
2
1.2 Content of Workshop
The contents of the training workshop consisted on the training manual for non -
engineers, power point presentations, and interactive sessions with the participants
and a practical demonstration about the operation of biomass gasifier including its
schematic fabricated parts, the agenda of workshop is attached as Annex-A
Workshop Agenda.
1.3 Methodology
Trainers/ resource persons gave detailed presentations about biomass to energy
concepts, social and economic concept of bioenergy, business potential of biomass
gasification. Furthermore types of biomass on regional basis, pre-processing of
biomass, properties of biomass, and types of biomass gasifiers, design and
fabrication of biomass gasifier. A detailed demonstration of downdraft biomass
gasifier was given to all participants. Every session was followed by a
comprehensive discussion with participants.
1.4 Resource Persons
The resource persons for the workshop are as follows:
Dr. Ali Bahadur (King Abdul Aziz University, KSA)
Dr. Ehsan Ali (USPCAS-E NUST)
Dr.Eng. M. Zubair (USPCAS-E NUST)
1.5 Participants
The training workshop attracted a total of about 60 persons including technology
providers, people from SMEs, students inclined to adopt the renewable energy sector
as career, young entrepreneurs and researchers. Detailed list of participants is
annexed as Annex-B List of Participants
.
3
2. Inaugural Session
Inaugural Session was chaired by Dr. Muhammad Pervaiz (Head Mechanical
Engineering Department, U.E.T Peshawar), Mr. Ali Yasir (National program
Manager, UNIDO) and Dr. Ehsan Ali.
2.1 Project brief, Principal Investigator
On behalf of US-Pakistan Center for Advance Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E)
NUST, Dr. M. Zubair from NUST warmly welcomed all the participants who
travelled all the way from different locations within and outside of the city. This
training workshop is comprised of four working sessions, which will cover different
topics including biomass feedstock preparation, drying, pellets, briquettes, biomass
gasifiers, instrumentation, cleaning and cooling, applications of gasifiers, operation,
maintenance, operational problems and solutions, safety and costs of biomass
gasifier as well as energy produced by biomass gasification process. The training
sessions will be consisting of presentations and interactive discussions and all the
participants are encouraged to participate. Practical demonstration of biomass
gasifier is part of the training workshop.
The project team has achieved following milestones so far:
Assessment of capacity of market players (SMEs, Technology and Service
Providers, Financial, Research Institutes) and identification of training needs
The formulation of training manual for SMEs for installation, maintenance
and operation of biomass gasification systems
Successfully conducted two training workshops on BGT Service Providers
and industry experts (Engineers, Consultants etc.)
The curriculum of biomass to energy with focus on gasification has been
developed. Its induction in local universities and technical institutes is in
process.
Further, the planned activities under this project as follows:
Rural electrification training workshop (planned at the end of February, 2016)
Major event; International conference/expo ( Planned on 27th and 28th of
July, 2016)
Induction of biomass to energy curricula (Work has been started already)
4
MOUs with International Companies & Universities to promote biomass
gasification (during the international conference)
2.2 Welcome address, Associate Professor USPCAS-E NUST
Dr Ehsan Ali, Associate professor at Center for Advanced Studies in Energy
(USPCAS-E), NUST welcomed the participants and spoke about the activities and
objectives of the on-going collaboration between the UNIDO biomass project and
NUST. He elaborated the role of USPCAS-E NUST as a partner implementing
several capacity development, awareness raising and technology & research
cooperation activities under the project.
Further he described that the project aims at capacity building of SMEs through
alternative means of power generation and promoting biomass gasification
technology in the country.
Figure 1. Dr. Ehsan during the inaugural session
The core objective of the project is the capacity building of SMEs in terms of
finance and technology to adopt biomass gasification as an alternate source of
energy in Pakistan. This is how they can meet the challenge of energy in Pakistan as
well as the hazard of environmental pollution can be encountered.
Introducing Biomass Gasification in Pakistan is a step towards efficient and
environment friendly utilization of Biomass/ Crop Residue to electrify the industrial
sector for uninterrupted power supply leading towards development and prosperity.
2.3 Welcome note by UNIDO Project Manager
5
Mr. Yasir Ali, the National Project Manager of the "Promoting Sustainable Energy
Production and Use from Biomass in Pakistan" project , spoke of the importance of
biomass as a huge energy resource for Pakistan.
Figure 2. Mr. Ali Yasir during inaugural session
Mr. Yasir informed the audience that UNIDO has been working in Pakistan since the
1970s promoting trade, environmental management and entrepreneurship
development. He further elaborated that currently there are three on-going projects
focusing on clean energy. He highlighted how technologies such as biomass
gasification have excellent potential for a variety of applications in Industry, rural
electrification and entrepreneurship development. He mentioned that this project
also offers exciting synergies with the UNIDO Cleantech project where one start -up
company from Pakistan, winners of a global cleantech award, developed a tractor -
mounted biomass gasifier that uses crop residue as fuel. He concluded his remarks
by stating that the UNIDO biomass project, in addition to the activities coordinated
with NUST, would also be implementing selected biomass demonstration projects,
providing policy advisory to governmental agencies and facilitating technology
transfer and wished the participants a productive workshop.
2.4 Opening remarks by the Chief Guest
Dr. Muhammad Pervaiz-The chief guest of the event, the Head of the Mechanical
engineering department at U.E.T Peshawar welcomed the participants and
enlightened the audience in regard to importance of biomass to energy conversion
technologies feasible for developing countries like Pakistan.
6
Figure 3. Chief guest during the inaugural session
He elaborated the role of biomass gasification techniques as giving uplift to the
solutions that will reduce the shortfall of electricity. He also mentioned the need of
commercializing of these micro projects related to the biomass gasification
technologies. He also highlighted that in order to make use of the abundant resources
of biomass available in Pakistan people need to be trained on biomass gasification
techniques so that people in rural areas where there is no electricity, can benefit
from gasification and generate their own electricity. He felt that workshops such as
these provide excellent opportunities for understanding the possibilities and getting
hands-on knowledge of technologies such as biomass gasification.
7
3. Working Session-1
Working session-1 is conducted under the supervision of Dr. Ali Bahadur, who was
invited as a key international resource person for this training workshop . He holds a
doctorate degree in chemical engineering. He completed his Ph.D. from National
University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, with an intensive work
on his thesis titled, “Production of Biodiesel from a Variety of Biomass Available in
Pakistan.” Currently, he is working as an Assistant Professor in King Abdul Aziz
University (KAU), Saudi Arabia. He was involved in biomass to energy conversion
technologies with emphasis on biomass gasification. He established state of the art
laboratory in KAU to investigate thermochemical technologies for energy generation
from biomass.
3.1 International Expert on BGTs (Dr. Ali Bahadur)
Dr. Ali Bahadar, sensitized the participants on following topics:
Biomass feedstock mapping, with practical example of European strategy for
biomass mapping
Biomass to energy conversion pathways, including gasification, pyrolysis and
combustion
Global trends of biomass utilization for energy generation
Sources and properties of different types of biomass
Non-conventional energy crops like Jatropha and Castor progress in Pakistan
Gasification technology basics and different types of biomass gasifiers with
technical and financial merits and demerits
Biomass to energy conversion, state of the art lab development at KAU,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Biomass logistics issues
Figure 4. Dr. Ali Bahadar during working session-1
Complete presentation is enclosed in the CD of the report.
8
4. Working Session-2
4.1 Local expert in BGTs (Dr. Ehsan Ali)
Dr. Ehsan had an entirely interactive session with the participants about empowering
the small and medium enterprise professionals about potential new source of energy.
Dr. Ali elaborated the attitude required by the remote communities to adopt BGTs.
Figure 5. Dr. Ehsan Ali during working session-2
He said it is important to utilize crop waste that is usually burned or disposed
however. The crop residues have a lot of potential that can be channelized in a way
to help our demands regarding energy. He further explained the procedures to be
followed to obtain bio-energy technologies along with market comparison of
different available options. (Please refer to the presentation enclosed in the report
CD)
9
5. Working Session-3
Working session-3 comprised on practical demonstration of downdraft biomass
gasifier. Media covered the demonstration in presence of workshop attendees , media
coverage is depicted in Annex-C Media Coverage
5.1 Practical Demonstration of biomass gasifier
Practical demonstration of downdraft biomass gasifier was given in the workshop at
National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad.
Figure 6. Biomass gasifier demonstration through corn cobs
The procedure for demonstration is as follows:
The gasifiers was filled with feedstock (Corn cob residue)
Flame was made with natural gas
Flame was inserted to ignite the biomass present within the biomass gasifiers
in presence of all participants
Biomass was allowed to gasify in combustion chamber
Gas outlet was checked whether producer gas is coming outside or not by
filling a tube at the end.
All the participants were told about possible hazards and troubleshooting
Figure 7. Biomass gasifier demonstration by machine technologist USPCAS-E
10
6. Working session-4
6.1 Local expert in BGTs (Dr. Muhammad Zubair)
Dr. Zubair shared his views in regard to the scope of biomass gasification in
Pakistan. Gasification is basically a thermochemical process which converts biomass
materials into gaseous component. The result of gasification is the producer gas
(synthesis gas), containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen,
and some other inert gases.
Figure 8. Dr. Zubair during working session-4
Gasification is the most efficient process for utilizing biomass as energy. In the
process of gasification solid organic feedstock converted into mixture of gases, in
oxygen deficit environment and at high temperature. This mixture of gases is called
producer or synthesis gas. Gasification process produced different products like
solid ashes, partially oxidised material like soot, tars and syn/producer gas. The
main flammable components of the resulting syngas are carbon mono oxide (CO)
and hydrocarbons. (Note: for complete presentation please refer to the workshop
report CD).
Further he had a comprehensive interactive session with the participants which can
be highlighted as follows:
Biomass resources in Pakistan, regional based biomass logistics. Seasonal
crops and its residues in Punjab region
Concept of mobile gasifier
Torrefaction of biomass before gasification in order to increase its heating
value. It is also beneficial to transport biomass after torrefaction due to less
moisture content.
Processing of biomass into pellets and briquettes
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Simple instrumentation and control of biomass gasifier for efficient operation
Economics of electricity generation through gasification by utilizing crop
residues like rice husk
Electricity cost for dual and single fuel mode
Biomass gasifier operation and maintenance, standard operating procedures
7. Concluding Session
At the end Dr. Muhammad Zubair along with other recourse persons concluded the
session by interacting with professionals of SMEs. He asked them to come on board
by offering them consultancy and services in designing a small scale biomass
gasification plant based on biomass feedstock availability in the vicinity.
Further, the participants asked questions regarding to the viability of biomass
gasification for targeted applications in Pakistan.
The training workshop was concluded on final words “participants should spread the
message of off-grid electricity generation utilizing indigenous resources at an
economical rate and biomass gasification is one of the promising technology for
Pakistan being an agricultural country.
Figure 9. Exclusive interactive session
.
12
8. Annexures
13
8.1 Annex-A Workshop Agenda
Program One-Day Training Workshop
on Biomass Gasification Technology
18th of February, 2016 at
University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Peshawar
Description Time, hours Registration of Participants
0915 – 0945
Inaugural Session Recitation of the Holy Quran Inaugural Addresses Introduction of Trainers/Speakers
0945– 1030
Refreshments (Tea Break)
1030 - 1045
Working Session 1: Biomass to energy technologies, gasification based
feedstock preparation, Biomass gasifiers types
1045– 1200
Working Session 2: Gasifier operations, Instrumentation and process
control and maintenance
1200 - 1300
Lunch and Prayer Break
1300 - 1345
Working Session 3: Empowering the farmers for electricity production
using biomass gasification (practical demonstration)
1345 - 1515
Refreshments (Tea Break)
1515 - 1530
Working Session 4: Biomass logistics, Biomass resources in Pakistan,
Economic analysis of micro-scale biomass gasification, HAZOP analysis of gasification systems
1530 - 1700
Closing Session: Closing Remarks Distribution of Certificates Group Photo
1700 - 1720
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8.2 Annex-B List of Participants
Capacity Building and strengthening of Biomass Gasification Technology Support Systems
Training Workshop, NUST Islamabad- 15 Feb, 2016
Sr.
No. Name Position Affiliation Email
1 Prof. muhammad
Pervaiz
Chairman, Mechanical
Dept. U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
2 Dr. Asmat ullah Assistant Professor U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
3 Dr. Khan
Muhammad Assistant Professor U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
4 Dr. Saim Sehar Assistant Professor U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
5 Dr. Syed Atif
Pervaiz Assistant Professor U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
6 Dr. Muhammad
Noman Assistant Professor U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
7 Syed Ali Raza Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
8 Syed Shahbaz Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
9 Muhammad Junaid Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
10 Muhammad Yasin Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
15
11 Abdul Qadir Khan Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
12 Ikram Ali Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
13 Amjad Ali Entrepreneur KPOGCL [email protected]
14 Khansa Anjum Entrepreneur
Biomass SME
Peshawar/Mech.
Engg.
15 Fareeha Jabeen Scholar Mechanical
Engineering [email protected]
16 Ayesha Komal Scholar Chemical
Engineering [email protected]
17 Aneesa Atiq Scholar Chemical
Engineering
18 Irum Butt Scholar Chemical
Engineering
19 Qazi iqra Shafi Entrepreneur
Biomass SME
Peshawar/Mech.
Engg.
20 Asad Ali Entrepreneur
Spin-off
Company Energy
resources
21 Kashif Ali Non-engineer U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
22 Saddam Ali Non-engineer U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
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23 Noman Khan Non-engineer scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
24 Waqar Ali Non-engineer scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
25 Alamgir Ahmed
Khattak Non-engineer scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
26 Asad nawaz Khan Non-engineer scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
27 Farrukh Kamal Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
28 Ijaz ullah Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
29 Imran Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
30 Muhammad Ali Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
31 Misbah faiz Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
32 Muhammad Adil
Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
33 Muhammad bilal Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
34 Muhamamd Kashif
Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
35 Muhammad Safdar Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
36 Muhammad Usman
Afridi Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
17
37 Nasir Ishaq Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
38 Niaz Ali Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
39 Rizwan Kamal Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
40 Salah uddin Sani Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
41 Shiffat ur Rehman Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
42 Umair Shahzad Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
43 Usman Rahat Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
44 Zainab Huma Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
45 Zia ur Rehman Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
46 Maryam Shahjehan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
47 Maissam Ali Scholar U.E.T Peshawar
48 Farhan Ali Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
49 Mahnoor Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
50 Marina KHAN Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
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51 M. Zeeshan Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
52 Hukamran Salik Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
53 Waqar Ali Shah Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
54 Arqam Habib Khan Scholar U.E.T Peshawar [email protected]
55 M Raheel Khan Technician Ghani Pumps [email protected]
56 Hamza Khan Proprietor Ghani Pumps [email protected]
57 Jasim Ali Proprietor
58 Faraz Qasim Proprietor
59 M Ayaz Khan Proprietor Umer Marble
Shabaqadar [email protected]
60 M. Siraj Proprietor Umer Marble
Shabaqadar [email protected]
61 Dr. Muhammad
Imran Ahmad Scholar Chemical Dept. [email protected]
62 Engr Abbas Ali
Khan Scholar Electrical UET [email protected]
Note: Check report CD for the scan copy of attendance sheet.
19
8.3 Annex-C Media Coverage
The training workshop conducted in UET, Peshawar on Thursday 18th
of February,
2016 got the visibility in leading newspapers and electronic media. The short video
documentary of the workshop in media is enclosed in the report CD.
Figure 10. International Trainer Dr. Ali Bahadar with local media
Figure 11. Mr. Ali Yasir (UNIDO) with media
20
The news can be accessed at the following links:
http://www.jassimtaqui.com/2016/02/biomass-to-energy.html
http://uspcase.uetpeshawar.edu.pk/news-events/item/359-one-day-training-
workshop-on-biomass-gasification-technology-in-uspcas-e-uet-peshawar
21
8.4 Annex-D Pictorial Glimpse
Figure 12. Interactive session
Figure 13. Dr. Ehsan in working session-2
Figure 14. Female participants
22
Figure 15. Gasifier feedstock Corn Cobs
Figure 16. Q/A session during the demonstration of biomass gasifier
Figure 17. Backdrop of the workshop
