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TrainingWhat is ION Exchange?
Hans-Jürgen Wedemeyer Technical Manager Liquid Purification Technologies
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What is Ion Exchange ?
Introduction in Main Principlesand Terminology
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Ion exchanger material
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Functionalized plastic beads (0,3 – 1,2mm diameter)
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Content:
- Water and Ions- Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process- Break Through Curve
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Glas of Water
+
+
+
+
-
-
-
-
Anion
Kation
Ions:
2+
2-
2-
2-
2+
2+
2+
2-
Solid Salt Christal:
Salt type 1e.g. NaCl
Salt type 2e.g. CaCO3
Water and Ions
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Content:
- Water and Ions- Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process- Break Through Curve
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Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Filter Device
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Ionic Species 1
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Service“
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Service“
What is happening in here ???
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Co flow
Standard Ion exchanger columnChromatographic process
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Demineralisation with a strong acid cation exchangerDecationisation: one step
Organics
SiO2
Na+
K+
NH4+
Mg2+
Ca2+
SO42-
NO3-
Cl-
HCO32-
M+ S108 HSiO2
SO42-
NO3-
Cl-
HCO32-
Na+
K+
NH4+
Mg2+
Ca2+
H+H+
Ca2+
Na+
K+
NH4+
Free bases water
(Mineral acid)
Cation exchanger
1000µS/cm500µS/cm
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Ion Exchange Backbone Material
Ion Exchange Reaction Scheme
+ +
C Functional Group
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Service“
It is Ion-Exchange !
Ion Exchange Material Bed
Ion Exchange Material
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Service“
Ion Exchange Material
ExhaustedZone
Reation Zone
UnreactedZone
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Break Through“
!
Ion Exchange Material
ExhaustedZone
Reaction Zone
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Exhaustion“
Ion Exchange Material
ExhaustedZone
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Exhaustion“
Stop
Ion Exchange Material
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Backflush“
Ion Exchange Material
Backflush-Water
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Regeneration“
Ion Exchange Material
Waste Water
Regenerant
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Operating Status: „Regeneration“
Ion Exchange Material
Waste Water
Rinse-Water
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Ion Exchange Material
Waste Water
Operating Status: „Rinse“
Rinse-Water
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Ion Exchange Material
Waste Water
Rinse-Water
Operating Status: „Rinse“
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Ionic Species 1
Ionic Species 2
Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Ion Exchange Material
Operating Status: „Stand By“
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Animation of Technical Ion Exchange Process
Start again
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Operating Status 1. Service2. Breakthrough3. Exhausted4. Backwashing5. Regeneration 6. Rinsing7. Standby
One cycle in a ion exchanger filter
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Capacity
Examples:
- Gel strongly acidic (SAC) 2 eq/L 1,2 eq/L- weakly acidic (WAC) 4 eq/L 2,0 eq/L
- gel strongly basic (SBA Type1) 1 eq/L 0,5 eq/L - weakly basic (WBA) 2 eq/L 1,0 eq/L
Total capacity Operating capacity with a typical regeneration amount*
Operating capacity is depending on:� Water analysis; pH; temperature� specific and metric flow rate � resin type and quality� regeneration amount and kind of chemical� break through point (specified water quality)� Kind of
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Breakthrough Curve
throughput in bed volumes (BV)
conc
entr
atio
n of
exc
hang
edio
n in
out
let o
f col
umn
feed concentration (c0)
maximum outlet concentration
leakage
breakthroughpoint
exhaustionpoint
