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Training of Trainers Site Specificity of Rain Water Harvesting. Workshop Conducted By Eureka Forbes Institute of Environment For Maharashtra Centre for Entrepreneurship Development. Site Specificity based on surface available for Harvesting. Roof top rain water - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Training of Trainers Site Specificity
of Rain Water Harvesting
Workshop Conducted By
Eureka Forbes Institute of EnvironmentFor
Maharashtra Centre for Entrepreneurship Development
Site Specificity based on surface available for Harvesting
• Roof top rain water
• Paved surface rain water
• Open surface rain water
None…
Site Specificity based on Device of Water Extraction
‘Use When Available’ / recharge*Benefit restricted to rainy season onlySurface harvestable … predominantly roof topWork involved –piping changes & filterIf later date benefit needed ---storage volume and hence cost becomes high.O & M …Tank Cleaning
*-no direct benefit
Well / Ring well
Site Specificity based on Device of Water Extraction
Benefit during & after rainy seasonSurface harvestable … roof top & other surfaces as well if proper filters appliedWork involved –piping changes & simple / two chamber filtersO & M … Filter cleaning
… Well Cleaning
Bore Well
Site Specificity based on Device of Water Extraction
Benefit during & after rainy seasonSurface harvestable … roof top & other surfaces as well if proper filters appliedWork involved - piping changes &
- Four Chambered / more complicated filtersO & M … Filter cleaning
… Well Cleaning
Slopes towards Recharge / storage device
Site Specificity based on Site Slopes
Benefit --- Ease of collection
Cost … Less
Slopes away from Recharge / storage device
Site Specificity based on Site Slopes
Problem --- Difficult to collect
Cost … High … if extreme slopes…then pumping may be needed
If other site conditions are conducive …Recharge of ground or a deeper re-charge through a recharge bore-shaft can be applied
•Urban Areas….More of roofed and paved area
Site Specificity based on Site Location
Benefit comparative ease in availability of fundsSurface harvestable … roof tops & Paved surfaces
Cost … High due to higher paving-labour & material
•Rurban Areas…some open area
Site Specificity based on Site Location
Benefit simpler recharge possible due to open surface
Surface harvestable … roof tops, paved surfaces & open surfaces
Cost … Lesser cost as compared to metros …more need but
less available funds
•Rural Areas…Large open areas
Site Specificity based on Site Location
Benefit more space available for recharge due to open surface
Surface harvestable … open surfaces
Cost … Lesser cost – per capita – but usually a community
based system is needed …
Hardly any funds available with the users … Need for proper
funding and community mobilization
• Sandy flat terrain
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Simple to recharge
extraction device - well/ Ring well
Techniques/ structures … Simple Recharge pits … Check dams work very well here
Cost … Least cost
• Muddy flat terrain
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Simple to recharge
extraction device - Well/ bore well …if near creek - salty ground water
Techniques/ structures … Simple Recharge pits/well-bore well recharge – Check dams work very well here
Cost … Higher than that in sandy
• Clayey flat terrain
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Difficult to recharge with shallow recharge structures
extraction device - Well/ bore well
Techniques/ structures … Deep Shaft Recharge well / bore well recharge Check dams work here
Cost … Higher than that in sandy / muddy areas
• grey/ brown/ red soil --- Gentle Slopes
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Easy to intercept flows Simple CCTs, gully plugs nala bunds etc work well here
extraction device - Well/ bore well
Techniques/ structures … Deep Shaft Recharge well / bore well recharge
Cost … Higher than that in sandy / muddy areas
• Black soil --- Gentle Slopes
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Easy to intercept flows … Usually no water scarcitySimple CCTs, gully plugs nala bunds etc work well here
extraction device - Well/ bore well
Techniques/ structures … ponds / Deep Shaft Recharge well / bore well recharge
Cost … Higher than that in sandy / muddy areas
• grey/ red /brown soil --- steep Slopes
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Difficult to intercept flows … Usually summer time water scarcity
Simple CCTs, gully plugs nala bunds etc DO NOT WORK HERE
extraction device - Well/ bore well
Techniques/ structures … Bunds/ ponds / Deep Shaft Recharge /well / bore well recharge
Cost … Higher than that in flat/ gentle slope areas
• grey/ red /brown soil --- steep rocky Slopes
Site Specificity based on Site Geo-morphology
Very Difficult to intercept flows … Invariably summer time water scarcity
Simple CCTs, gully plugs nala bunds etc DO NOT WORK HERE
extraction device – Wells …springs
Techniques/ structures … KT Bunds/ ponds / Deep Shaft Recharge /well / bore well recharge
Cost … Very High due to geology and slopes
• Heavy rain fall
Site Specificity based on Rain Fall
Difficult to retain maximum available water
Water availability is usually not a limiting factor …topography is …as most of such areas are sloping
Costly structures
• Low rain fall
Site Specificity based on Rain Fall
Easy to retain maximum available water
Water availability is usually a limiting factor …topography is usually conducive for recharge as these tend to be flatter or gentle slope areas
Simpler structures