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TRAINING MODULES
on
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY,
PLANT BREEDING AND PLANT PATHOLOGY
Maneet Rana, Neeraj Kumar, Nitish Rattan Bhardwaj, Rekha Balodi, Reetu,
SevaNayak D, Rahul Gajghate, Tejveer Singh, A. Radhakrishnan, KK Dwivedi,
Manoj Srivastava, Geetanjali Sahay, AK Singh and Shahid Ahmed
2018
CROP IMPROVEMENT DIVISION
ICAR- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute
Gwalior Road, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh
FOREWARD
"Tell me, and I will forget. Show me, and I may remember. Involve me, and I
will understand" (Confucius, 450 BC).
The radical transformation of agriculture was achieved by the fundamental role of technically
qualified human resource produced through the higher agricultural education system in India
which has resulted in what is fondly called Green Revolution. With time, the problems faced by
agriculture changed,but the quality of human resource produced by the system did not adjust to
the changed demand. This uneven focus and insensitivity to match the skill and knowledge
profile of students with the emerging realities have diminished the relevance and utility of
agricultural education for employability. Efforts are, therefore, necessary to attune agricultural
training curriculum and its delivery to overreach the present day needs and future demands of job
providers with good quality students. This development demands that students should have the
knowledge, skills and above all, they need to be professionals who possess confidence and
competence to analyse an agricultural problem and can suggest solutions to alleviate it. It, thus,
became necessary to develop a conceptual framework, instructions and guidelines for
establishing these ventures and details on practical training modules. It is in pursuit of these
goals that, a series of modules in subject areas of Plant Biotechnology, Plant Breeding, Plant
Pathology and Plant Biochemistry have been formulated by Scientists of Crop Improvement
Division of IGFRI, so that anyone interested in training could get an idea by going through these
modules and subsequently can choose his/her topic for research work. Various guidelines
presented in this module are aimed to enhance understanding of the training objectives and for
providing pragmatic material to the students to take necessary steps towards conceptualising,
planning and implementation of various ideas needed for successful research work. I
congratulate all the scientist involved in the preparation of this training module and wish that
module will help students in getting well-planned research output.
A.K. Mishra
Director
ICAR-IGFRI, Jhansi
PREFACE
Major developments in Science and Technology were witnessed in the 20th
century, which had
an impact on the social and economic scenario at the world level. These changes gradually
influenced the day to day life of people at the grassroots levels including those involved in
agriculture-related science and technology. Agricultural education and extension in India have
been geared to harness the modern science and technology for higher productivity and
production. This has substantially led to reduction of food scarcity in India, but, sustainability of
this achievement is still the primary pursuit. With changed global scenario, agricultural education
would have to be redefined which is a major concern for academics and policymakers and this,
in turn, warrants reforms in agricultural educational systems. One of the biggest challenges
facing the agricultural education in India is to identify its role in training the human resources for
enhanced agricultural productivity and sustainability. Agriculture professionals should
disseminate scientific knowledge, skills and should give training to the student community so
that they can use such skills for better output. As a backup for such a mission, well thought and
precisely drawn training modules needs to be developed, so that trainees are encouraged to adopt
the scientific knowledge to suit to the realities of agricultural research in the present context.
The present modules developed by scientists of Crop Improvement Division is an outcome of
such challenging issues and covers training in the field of Plant Biotechnology, Biochemistry,
Plant Breeding and Plant Pathology. Moreover, the module is nicely drawn so that students who
are coming for dissertation or thesis, will get exposure about the basics as well as advanced
techniques used in the relevant subject, which will lead to quality output from student’s research
work.
Further, authors express their profound gratitude towards Dr A.K. Mishra, Director and Dr R.V.
Kumar, Ex-Director, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi for their
suggestions and encouragement to formulate such a module. Our sincere thanks are due to Head,
Crop Improvement Division for providing necessary support in compiling the information in the
training module. We are also thankful to Incharge (HRD cell) and all others who have been
cooperative in the successful outcome of this module.
Authors
Scientist profile and expertise
Sr. No. Name, Designation and Contact details Area of Specialization
1.
Dr Shahid Ahmed
Pr. Scientist (Plant Breeding)
9453338778
Plant Breeding, Forage
Crop Improvement
2.
Dr Geetanjali Sahay
Pr. Scientist (Cytogenetics)
9415945696
Plant Genetic
Resources,
Legume Breeding and
Cytology
3.
Dr Manoj Srivastava
Pr. Scientist (Plant Biochemistry)
9450067179
Enzymology and
Proteomics
4.
Dr AK Singh
Sr. Scientist (Plant Breeding)
9415134050
Classical Breeding for
morpho-physiological
traits and abiotic stress
5.
Dr KK Dwivedi
Sr. Scientist (Agricultural Biotechnology)
9793164770
Plant Molecular
Biology, Plant Tissue
Culture
6.
Dr Tejveer Singh
Scientist (Plant Breeding andGenetics)
9454546892
Genetics and Breeding
of Forage Crops
7.
MrRadhakrishnan
Scientist (Agricultural Biotechnology)
9198840626
Genomics, Plant
Biotechnology
8.
Dr Seva Nayak D,
Scientist (Plant Physiology and Plant
Biochemistry)
9454532027
Stress Physiology,
Molecular Physiology
9.
Dr Maneet Rana
Scientist (Agricultural Biotechnology)
9418832012
Molecular Breeding,
Plant Tissue Culture
10.
Mr Rahul Gajghate
Scientist (Genetics and Plant Breeding)
8317036658
Plant Breeding,
Cytogenetics,
Molecular Breeding
11.
Dr Nitish Rattan Bhardwaj
Scientist (Plant Pathology)
7525060745
Fungal Pathology,
Integrated Biological
Control
12.
Dr RekhaBalodi
Scientist (Plant Pathology)
9718889176
Molecular Plant
Pathology
13.
Mrs Reetu
Scientist (Plant Biochemistry)
9857644151
Plant Biochemistry,
Pesticide Residue
Chemistry
14.
Mr Neeraj Kumar
Scientist (Genetics and Plant Breeding)
7840050122
Molecular Breeding,
Breeding for Abiotic
Stress Tolerance
Facilities/Instrumentation available at Crop Improvement Division
Facilities: Well developed and fully functional labs
1. Biochemistry and Biotechnology laboratory
2. Molecular Breeding and Cytogenetics Laboratory
3. Central Instrumentation Laboratory
4. Tissue culture facility Grasses and Legumes
5. Plant Protection Laboratory
6. Media Preparation Room
7. Medium Term Cold Storage Unit for conserving forage biodiversity
8. DUS testing laboratory with nutritional quality testing instruments
9. Net Houses, Fly Proof-Net house and Glasshouses
10. Well developed farm area as experimental site
Instruments/ Equipment’s:
1. PCR and RT-PCR
2. Electrophoresis (Agarose as well as PAGE) Units
3. Gel documentation system
4. Flow cytometer
5. Spectro-photometer
6. Centrifuge
7. Autoclave
8. Water purification system
9. Stereozoom, Dissecting, Florescent and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopes
10. Deep freezers and Laminar flow
I. Training modules for Plant Biotechnology, Physiology & Biochemistry
Module A: For 15 days’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
3
2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important
equipment’s in the labs viz. Weighing balance, pH meter, Autoclaves,
LaminarAirflow systems, centrifuges, ultra-centrifuges, different types of
PCR machines, electrophoresis units, Gel documentation systems,
Fluorescent microscope, EC meter, Flame photometer,
Spectrophotometer etc.
4-5
3. Biochemical calculations 4-5
4. Report preparation 2
Module B: For one-month duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
2
2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important
equipment’s in the labs
2
3. Biochemical calculations 4
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
4. i. Lab techniques and equipment handling: Weighing balance, pH
meter, Autoclaves, LaminarAirflow systems, centrifuges, ultra-
centrifuges, different types of PCR machines, electrophoresis units,
Gel documentation systems, Fluorescent microscope, etc.
15-18
ii. Enzyme assays: Antioxidant enzyme/ carbohydrate metabolizing
enzyme
iii. Physiological screening techniques: Seedling vigour index,
chlorophyll content (SPAD reading), Relative water content,
Membrane stability index, root volume, shoot and root fresh weight,
root/shoot ratio
iv. Biomolecule analysis: Protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll
estimation
v. Tissue culture: Its importance; Preparing stock solutions and
glassware (washing, cleaning and autoclaving) for tissue culture
experiments; Media and explant preparation for different tissue
culture experiments like, micropropagation, callus culture, embryo
culture etc., Culturing of explant, Subculturing of cultures etc.
vi. DNA/RNA extraction, quantification and assessment of its
quality: Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solutions,
DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment, Gel
documentation
vii. PCR and its applications: DNA isolation, Quality and quantity
assessment, PCR using random/specific primers, Gel
electrophoresis, Gel documentation, Data analysis
viii. Genomic/Transcriptomic data analysis
ix. Introduction to cytogenetic techniques: Sample fixation, slide
preparation, microscope handling, data analysis
5. Report preparation 2
Module C: For 45 days’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
2
2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important 2
equipment’s in the labs
3. Biochemical calculations 4
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
4. i. Lab techniques, equipment handling and tissue culture:
Weighing balance, pH meter, Autoclaves, LaminarAirflow systems,
centrifuges, ultra-centrifuges, different types of PCR machines,
electrophoresis units, Gel documentation systems, Fluorescent
microscope, etc. Plant tissue culture and its importance; Preparing
stock solutions and glassware (washing, cleaning and autoclaving)
for tissue culture experiments; Media and explant preparation for
different tissue culture experiments like, micropropagation, callus
culture, embryo culture etc., Culturing of explant, Subculturing of
cultures etc.
25-30
ii. Enzyme assays and Biomolecule analysis: Antioxidant enzyme/
carbohydrate metabolizing enzyme, Protein, carbohydrate,
chlorophyll estimation
iii. Physiological tools/techniques and methodology for screening
abiotic stresses in plants: Minimum data set for abiotic stress
experiment (MIASE) theory, Artificial saline water and saline soil
preparation (Soil salinity and plant tolerance), Photosynthetic
pigments analysis in plants (Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid
content), Chlorophyll Stability Index (CSI), Relative Water Content
(RWC), Membrane Stability Index (MSI), Seedling stress
susceptible Index (SVI), Root Architecture: Root to shoot ratio and
root volume, Effect of salt and drought stress on germination (%),
Seedling vigour index, Stress assessment formulas and stress
tolerance terminology
iv. DNA/RNA extraction, quality and quantity assessment, PCR &
its applications: Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solution,
DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment, PCR using
random/specific primers, Gel electrophoresis, Gel documentation,
Data analysis
v. Genomic/Transcriptomic data analysis and familiarity with
different bioinformatic software’s and pipelines
5. Report preparation 2
Module D: For two months’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
2
2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important
equipment’s in the labs
2
3. Biochemical calculations 4
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
4. i. Plant tissue culture: Plant tissue culture and its importance;
Preparing stock solutions and glassware (washing, cleaning and
autoclaving) for tissue culture experiments; Media and explant
preparation for different tissue culture experiments like,
micropropagation, callus culture, embryo culture etc., Culturing of
explant, Subculturing of cultures, transferring callus on rooting and
shooting media, Hardening and transferring plantlets to soils
40-45
ii. Effect of Salt/ Heavy metals/ Biomolecules on germination and
growth of different crops
iii. Physiological tools/techniques and methodology for screening
abiotic stresses in plants: Minimum data set for abiotic stress
experiment (MIASE) theory, Artificial saline water and saline soil
preparation (Soil salinity and plant tolerance), Photosynthetic
pigments analysis in plants (Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid
content), Chlorophyll Stability Index (CSI), Relative Water Content
(RWC), Membrane Stability Index (MSI), Seedling stress
susceptible Index (SVI), Root Architecture: Root to shoot ratio, root
volume and root aerenchyma identification, Effect of salt and
drought stress on germination (%), Seedling vigour index, Stress
assessment formulas and stress tolerance terminology, Data analysis
iv. Partial purification and kinetic analysis of enzymes/ proteins
v. Molecular marker technology: Sample preparation, Preparation of
stock solutions, DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity
assessment, PCR and its applications in agriculture, PCR using
random/specific primers, Gel electrophoresis (Agarose, PAGE), Gel
documentation, Data analysis
vi. Insilico analysis of specific metabolic pathway genes/
transcription factors
5. Report preparation 2
II. Training modules for Plant breeding
Module A: For 15 days’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division.
2
2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing techniques in
major forage crops.
3
3. Design of experiment, basic principles: CRD, RBD, Augmented and split
plot
3-5
4. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important forage crops.
Recording and collecting data on field trials.
2-3
5. Report preparation 2
Module B: For one-month duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1.
Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division.
2
2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing
techniques in major forage crops.
4
3. Design of experiment basic principles: CRD, RBD, Augmented and split
plot
3-4
4. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important forage
crops. Recording and collecting data on field trials.
2-3
5. Selection methods in segregating populations, Estimation of heritability,
selection differential and intensity and their relationship and effect on
2-3
genetic gain.
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
6. i. Techniques in plant tissue culture: Media components and
media preparation, standardization of aseptic conditions for
various explants inoculation, Inoculation of explants, observations
on contaminants occurring in media and Callus induction
10-12
ii. DNA extraction, quantification and assessment of its quality:
Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solutions, DNA
isolation, Quality and quantity assessment and Gel
documentation.
iii. Basic Cytogenetics: Preparation of important stains, Microscopy,
Preparation of slides, Fixing of the materials for mitotic and
meiotic analysis
7. Report preparation 2
Module C: For 45 days’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division.
2
2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing techniques
in the major field and forage crops.
4
3. Design of experiment basic principles: CRD, RBD, Augmented and split
plot
3-5
4. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important crops.
Recording and collecting data on field trials.
2-4
5. Selection methods in segregating populations, Estimation of heritability,
selection differential and intensity and their relationship and effect on
2-3
genetic gain.
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
6. i. Breeding techniques for biotic stress:
Phenotypic screening methods for diseases caused by fungi and
bacteria (Symptoms and data recording) in major forage crops,
Inoculation, isolation and establishment of race(s)/pathotypes
using differential in various forage crop.
20-25
ii. Breeding techniques for Abiotic stress:
Techniques for creation of various stress environments (drought,
Heat, alkalinity and salinity) and recording observations, analysis
of physiological parameters under stress. Screening methodologies
of major crops for abiotic stress: effects and breeding strategy.
iii. Techniques in cytogenetics:
Methods of staining and preparation of temporary and permanent
slides. Chemicals used for fixation, dehydration, staining, cleaning
etc. during cytology. Types of microscopes, preparing specimen
for observation. Studies on the course of mitosis and meiosis in
major forage crops and studying the pollen grain size in various
forage crops.
7. Report preparation 2
Module D: For two months’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division.
2
2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing techniques
in the major field and forage crops.
4
3. Basic statistical methods: measures of central tendency, P-value concept
and test of significance, Correlation, regression and path analysis.
4
4. Design of experiment basic principles: CRD, RBD, Augmented and split
plot
5
5. Selection methods in segregating populations, Estimation of heritability,
selection differential and intensity and their relationship and effect on
genetic gain.
3
6. Analysis in mating designs: North Carolina Designs, diallel, T.T. cross
and L x T
3
7. Genotype x Environment interaction: Analysis of variance over multiple
environments, Stability models and estimation of stability indices.
3
8. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important crops.
Recording and collecting data on field trials.
4
9. Data analytics: use of the online tool and computer packages in plant
breeding (SAS, STAR, PB tools, QTL cartographer etc.)
5
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
10. i. Breeding techniques for biotic stress:
Phenotypic screening methods for diseases caused by fungi and
bacteria (Symptoms and data recording) in major forage crops,
Inoculation, isolation and establishment of race(s)/pathotypes
using differential in various crop plants.
20-25
ii. Breeding techniques for Abiotic stress:
Techniques for creation of various stress environments (drought,
Heat, alkalinity and salinity) and recording observations, analysis
of physiological parameters under stress. Screening methodologies
of major crops for abiotic stress: effects and breeding strategy
iii. Techniques in molecular breeding:
Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solutions, DNA/RNA
isolation, Quality and quantity assessment Types of molecular
markers, PCR and its applications in Plant breeding, primer
designing, PCR using random/specific primers, Gel
electrophoresis (Agarose, PAGE), Gel documentation.
iv. Techniques in cytogenetics:
Methods of staining and preparation of temporary and permanent
slides. Chemicals used for fixation, dehydration, staining, cleaning
etc. during cytology. Types of microscopes, preparing specimen
for observation. Studies on the course of mitosis and Studies on
the course of meiosis in major forage crops and studying the
pollen grain size in various forage crops.
11. Report preparation 2
III. Training modules for Plant Pathology
Module A: For 15 days’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division.
3
2. Familiarization with basic equipment’s used in plant pathology viz.
Autoclave, LaminarAirflow, BOD incubator, Refrigerator, microscope,
pH meter, Weighing balance, colony counter, haemocytometer,
centrifuge, ultra-centrifuge, different types of PCR machines,
electrophoresis units, Gel documentation systems etc.
1-2
3. Understanding plant diseases, common signs and symptoms of plant
diseases.
2-3
4. Preparation and sterilization of media, isolation of plant pathogens from
different plant parts (leaf, roots etc.), purification of plant pathogens
using different methods (single spore method, hyphal tip method, and
single cfu method) and basic microscopy to identify the pathogen
spore/mycelial characteristics.
4-5
5. Report preparation 2
Module B: For one-month duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
2
2. Familiarization with basic equipment’s/techniques in plant pathology 2
3. Understanding plant diseases, common signs and symptoms of plant 4
diseases
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
4. i. Familiarization with basic equipment’s and techniques in plant
pathology: Autoclave, LaminarAirflow, BOD incubator,
Refrigerator, Weighing balance, pH meter, centrifuge, colony
counter, haemocytometer, slide preparation (Temporary and
permanent mounts), microscopy, Preparation and sterilization of
media, isolation of plant pathogens form leaf, roots etc.,
purification of plant pathogens using different methods (single
spore method, hyphal tip method and single cfu method),
preservation and subculturing of pathogens.
15-18
ii. Basics of biological control of plant pathogens:Isolation of
potential antagonist from soil/rhizosphere using serial dilution
technique, morphological and cultural characterization of antagonist,
evaluation of antagonistic activity of biocontrol agent.
iii. DNA/RNA extraction from plant pathogens, quantification and
assessment of its quality: Preparation of stock solutions, Sample
preparation, DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment,
Gel documentation.
5. Report preparation 2
Module C: For 45 days’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
2
2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important
equipment’s in the labs
2
3. Understanding plant diseases, common signs and symptoms of plant 4
pathogens
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
4. i. Familiarization with basic equipment’s and techniques in plant
pathology: Autoclave, LaminarAirflow, BOD incubator,
Refrigerator, Weighing balance, pH meter, colony counter,
haemocytometer, microscopy, slide preparation (Temporary and
permanent mounts), Preparation and sterilization of media,
isolation of plant pathogens form leaf, roots etc., purification of
plant pathogens, preliminary identification of the pathogen with
the help of microscopy, morphological and cultural characteristics
and determination of Koch’s postulates.
25-30
ii. Understanding induced resistance in plants: Challenge
inoculation of plants with pathogen/biocontrol agent and
estimation of the level of antioxidant and defence enzymes.
iii. Molecular techniques in plant pathology: Preparation of mycelia
mats/broth culture of fungi/bacteria, Preparation of stock solutions,
DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment, Designing
of random/specific primers, PCR using random/specific primers,
Gel electrophoresis, Gel documentation and Data analysis.
5. Report preparation 2
Module D: For two months’ duration
S. No. Topic Duration
(Days)
1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with
different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division
2
2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important
equipment’s in the labs
2
3. Understanding plant diseases, common signs and symptoms of plant 4
pathogens
Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)
4. i. Isolation, purification and identification of plant pathogens:
Preparation and sterilization of media, isolation of plant
pathogens form leaf, roots etc., purification of plant pathogens
using different methods (single spore method, hyphal tip method
and single cfu method), preservation and subculturing of
pathogens, identification of the plant pathogen with the help of
microscopy, morphological, cultural, molecular techniques and
determination of Koch’s postulates.
35-40
ii. Basics of biological control of plant pathogens:Isolation of
potential antagonist from soil/rhizosphere using serial dilution
technique, morphological and cultural characterization of
antagonist, growth inhibition assays and determination of
enzymes, diffusible/non-diffusible metabolites from the
biocontrol agents.
iii. Molecular techniques in plant pathology: Preparation of
mycelia mats/broth culture of fungi/bacteria, Preparation of stock
solutions, DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment,
Designing of random/specific primers, PCR using
random/specific primers, Gel electrophoresis (Agarose, PAGE),
Gel documentation and Data analysis.
5. Report preparation 5
Guidelines for the students to conduct research as trainees at ICAR institutions
(Revised in ICAR 230th GB meeting held on 12.03.2014)
1. OBJECTIVE
Promotion of quality postgraduate research and training in cutting-edge areas by facilitating
students to seek specialized guidance and facilities of ICAR Research Institutes.
2. SCOPE
The guidelines shall be uniform across entire ICAR-AU System and applicable only to those
institutions where there exists a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between ICAR
Research Institutes and the University/Deemed-to-be-University (DU) seeking Collaboration.
The University/ DU may be within National Agriculture Research System (AUs/ICAR DUs) or
outside NARS (Central/ State Govt./ Public Sector funded institutions/ State Universities/ PSU/
Autonomous bodies/ Statutory Corporations/ Private Universities or Institutions). The ICAR
research Institute may ensure that the MOU promotes the major function of the institute
/laboratories.
3. TERMS AND CONDITIONS
3.1 GENERAL
1. A faculty member of any ICAR research institute could admit the student(s) directly for
research work with the prior approval of the Head of the Institution. The ICAR institute will
receive students in subjects in consonance with the mandate and approved disciplines.
2. The number of students allocated to the Major Advisor/Major Guide normally may not
exceed two at a given time, irrespective of the nature of degree programme (Master’s or
Doctoral). However, Director/VC of the University concerned may decide and take final
decision in this regard based on the requirement, available manpower and research
infrastructure.
3. RAs/SRFs, who have completed their coursework and are working under different research
projects in an Institute may be permitted to join a degree programme only with a University
recognized by UGC/ICAR-AU system with bilateral MOU on IPR issues. However, PI of the
project with the approval of Director may have to issue a certificate that the regular research
work of the project will not be hampered on account of joining of RA/SRF for the degree
programme. The RA/SRF will not avail leave for completing the research work for the
degree.
4. The partnering institute(s) would be expected to make reasonable contribution in the form of
intellectual input to the student’s research problem and may not merely serve as a source of
providing samples/facilities for the study.
5. The revenue generated from the fees will be treated as institute’s internal resource generation
for all purposes. Other mandatory requirements to be met in such cases shall be met out of
the budgetary provisions under Non-Plan: Other Contingencies.
3.2 SPECIFIC
Based upon student’s parent institution, the guidelines may be categorised into two heads as
under:
3.2.1. Within National Agricultural Research System (AU/DU to ICAR Institute)
A. Advisor/Guide
(i) The criterion for allocation of Major Guide/Advisor will primarily be governed by the
intellectual input and time duration devoted for carrying out the research work at a particular
institution. It may be decided by mutual consent, keeping in view the MOU signed between
partnering institutions. If the major guide is from ICAR Institute, the co-guide will be from
partnering university and vice-versa.
(ii) The ICAR scientists pursuing their PhD degrees after completing their PhD coursework at
ICAR-DUs may be allowed to do their research work at the institute where they are posted,
in view of shortage of scientists/faculty.
B. Fee Structure
If a student registered with AU/DU intends to carry out the research work at ICAR Institute,
latter may not charge any fee from the registering institution/student, except the hostel
accommodation charges, etc. However, if a student registers with AU/DU after qualifying
through competitive mode of ICAR’s All India Entrance Examination for Admission to
Master’s/PhD and is awarded fellowship for pursuing Master’s or Doctoral degree programme
by any sponsoring institution [e.g. ICAR-JRF(PGS)/ICAR-SRF(PGS)/CSIR-UGC-JRF/CSIR-
SRF], the contingency grant awarded to the student may be transferred to the institution where
major part of the research work would be carried out and regulated by the provisions contained
in the guidelines of sponsoring institution.
C. Publications
(i) The student would invariably be the senior author for the publications arising out of the
research work conducted at the AU/DU/Institutes, followed by Major Guide/Advisor and Co-
Major Advisor/Co-Guide in that order. The names of additional co-authors, depending upon
their contribution in the research work, may be decided by mutual consent between the
student and Major Guide/Advisor.
(ii) The partnering institutions may ensure that the institute should ensure that the student
submits atleast one paper from Master’s thesis and two papers from Ph.D. thesis before thesis
submission in order to prevent students leaving the institute(s) without any research
publication from the thesis.
D. Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)
A separate clause regarding management of IPR issues will be incorporated in the MOU signed
between partnering AU and ICAR Institute. The student will be expected to protect the
Intellectual Property Rights generated or likely to be generated during his/her research work. The
IPRs shall rest with the institution where the major part of the research work was carried out by
the student. In the event of equal amount of work being carried out at both the AU/DU and ICAR
Institute, patents/protections/knowledge generated will be shared in proportion as per the ‘ICAR
Guidelines for Intellectual Property Management and Technology Transfer/Commercialization’
as amended from time to time.
3.2.2 Outside National Agricultural Research System (Central/State Govt./ Public Sector
funded institutions/ State Universities/ PSU/ Autonomous bodies/ Statutory
Corporations/ Private Universities or institutions)
A. Advisor/Guide
(i) The requirements for Major Advisor/Guide shall be the same as per para 3.2.1
(i) above for students in National Agricultural Research System (AU/DU to ICAR Institute).
(ii) T
he objective(s) for research work for a student coming from such an institution should be
exclusively different as far as possible.
B. Fee
Structure
The students shall be uniformly charged a fee of Rs. 20,000/- for training/research/dissertation
up to duration of 3 months and @ Rs. 30,000/- per semester for the work exceeding three
months. The fee structure is to be reviewed periodically after two years by the AU/DU or the
ICAR Institute, as the case may be. However, the students may be charged a fee of Rs. 10,000/-
for training duration of three months not leading to a dissertation/degree.
C. Pub
lications
The requirements for Publications shall be the same as per para 3.2.1(C) above for students in
National Agricultural Research System (AU/DU to ICAR).
D. Inte
llectual Property Rights (IPRs)
A separate clause regarding management of IPR issues will be incorporated in the MOU signed
between partnering AU/ ICAR Institute, exclusively for the students coming from Central/State
Govt./Public Sector funded institutions/ PSU/Autonomous bodies/Statutory Corporations.