Traditional World Religions and Cults (MS 6405)

12:30-1:20 FALL 2013 J. Mark Terry, Ph. D.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Mark Terry 1935 East Beaman Circle, #104 Cordova, TN 38016 (901) 751-3050 (Office) mterry@mabts.edu

COURSE DESCRIPTION: A general survey of the major world religions as well as American cults. The course examines basic beliefs of these religions and is designed to help students understand the basic concepts in order to contextualize the message of the Gospel in appropriate forms and lead followers of these religions to faith in Christ. COURSE OBJECTIVES:

1. acquainting students with the basic beliefs of the major American cults and world religions through a study of the religions

2. equipping students with the tools to evangelize practitioners of these religions by offering ways the gospel of Christ answers their heart needs

3. preparing students to teach this material to other Christians either at home or on the mission field by helping them develop a notebook for teaching or a paper involving extensive research of a specific religious group

4. developing and fueling a passion for missions by showing how adherents of these religions need the message of forgiveness through Christ.

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REQUIRED TEXTS: Winfried Corduan, Neighboring Faiths (InterVarsity Press, 2012) Walter Martin and Ravi Zacharias. Kingdom of the Cults. (Minneapolis: Bethany, 2003). Jeff Brawner. How to Share Christ with Your Friends of Another Faith. Garland, TX,

Hannibal Books, 2012. Note: The assignments below are based on the editions listed above. COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. Students will read each textbook and submit an interaction form on each book. The first textbook (Corduan) must be read by October 1, the second textbook (Martin) by November 1, and the third (Brawner) by the Tuesday on the last week of class. (10% of final grade).

2. Students will complete two exams (Mid-Term and Final). Seniors are exempt from the final. The Mid-Term exam will be given on October 8. The professor will provide study guides for the exams (40% of final grade).

3. Each student will prepare an 8-lesson notebook for teaching on cults and world religions. The notebook will list a class schedule, books, and materials to be used in the course, specific teaching materials including an original typed 3-page lesson plan for each of the 8 weeks, handouts for the participants, and the PowerPoint slides for each session. Suggested content includes general principles for dealing with cults and world religions, background information of specific world religions, some approaches to witnessing to the cults, and scriptural support for each lesson. This project will count 50 % of the final grade. Creativity, usability, and content will be required for ‘A’ grades. Ten points per day will be deducted from late notebooks. The project is due the last day of class. For Seniors, the project is due the Friday before graduation. (40% of final grade).

CLASS ATTENDANCE: Students have a maximum of nine absences during the semester. A student who misses ten or more classes will lose credit for the course. Three tardy marks are equal to one absence.

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LATE WORK: Work turned in late will incur a deduction of 5% for each day late. The student is responsible to get late papers to his or her instructor. No papers accepted after the last day of class. CLASS CONDUCT: 1. All talking should stop when the bell rings. Students should be attentive to the prayer requests of other class members.

2. No one is to leave the classroom until the class ends unless it is an emergency.

3. Computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices may only be used for taking notes or other class related activities. Surfing the internet, texting, tweeting, etc. are not permitted. Students who abuse this policy will not be allowed to bring such devices to class.

4. Class is not dismissed until the professor dismisses the class (even after the bell rings).

5. Students should exhibit a Christ-like attitude and demeanor at all times.

After a warning, points will be deducted from the student’s grade for violation of any of the above rules. MEETINGS WITH THE PROFESSOR: Usually the professor is available to meet with students immediately after class. For appointments at other times, please see the professor or Cathy Rech in the secretarial office.

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GRADING SCALE: Grade point averages are determined on a 12-point grading system. The grade point

value of each letter grade is:

A 97-100 4.0 quality points per semester hour A- 95-96 3.8 quality points per semester hour B+ 93-94 3.5 quality points per semester hour B 90-92 3.0 quality points per semester hour B- 87-89 2.7 quality points per semester hour C+ 84-86 2.3 quality points per semester hour C 81-83 2.0 quality points per semester hour C- 77-80 1.7 quality points per semester hour D+ 75-76 1.3 quality points per semester hour D 72-74 1.0 quality points per semester hour D- 70-71 0.7 quality points per semester hour F 69 and below 0.0 quality points per semester hour The 12-point grading scale allows a student to graduate possibly with a perfect 4.0

average. A grade point average of 2.0, however, will constitute the lowest passing

average to graduate. Anything below 2.0 will be the basis for probation/suspension

purposes.

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COURSE SCHEDULE (Syllabus May Change at the Discretion of the Professor)

Week One: Introduction August 21 --Introductions & Syllabus Week Two: Why Study World Religions August 26 -- What is a Religion? August 27 -- Why Study World Religions August 28 -- Multiculturalism in the USA

Week Three Animism September 2 --Background September 3 --Beliefs and Practices September 4 --Evangelizing Animists Week Four: Hinduism September 9 --History September 10 --Beliefs September 11 --Witnessing to Hindus Week Five: Buddhism September 16 --History September 17 --Beliefs September 18 --Witnessing to Buddhists Week Six: Asian Religions September 23 --Taoism September 24 --Chinese Religion September 25 --Shinto

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Week Seven: Judaism September 30 --Judaism background October 1 --Judaism branches of October 2 --Witnessing to Jews Week Eight: Test Week October 7 --Review Day October 8 --Mid-term Test October 9 --Fall Break! (Off Thursday & Friday) Week Nine: Roman Catholicism October 14 --History October 15 --Beliefs October 16 --How to Witness to Roman Catholics Week Ten: Islam October 21 --History October 22 --Beliefs October 23 --Witnessing to Muslims Week Eleven: Mormonism October 28 --Introduction to Cults October 29 --Mormon Beliefs October 30 --Witnessing to Mormons Week Twelve: Jehovah’s Witnesses November 4 --Jehovah’s Witnesses November 5 --International Missions Day (no class) November 6 --Witnessing to Jehovah’s Witnesses Week Thirteen: Eastern Orthodox

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November 11 --History November 12 --Beliefs November 13 --Witnessing to the Orthodox Week Fourteen: Minor Cults November 18 --Satanism November 19 --New Age Movement November 20 --Bahai Thanksgiving Holidays (November 21-December 1, 2014) Week Fifteen: Ancient Religions Reborn December 2 --Druidism December 3 --Native American Religion December 4 --Voodoo Week Sixteen: Theology of Religions December 9 --Universalism December 10 --Inclusivism and Pluralism December 11 --Exclusivism Week Seventeen: Finals!!!!!!! December 16 or 17 --Final Exam (projects are due)

READING & ASSIGNMENT CHECKLIST:

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August 18-20 --Founders Days August 21 --Syllabus overview August 26 --Corduan Chp 1 August 27 --Corduan, Chp. 2 August 28 --Corduan, Chp. 3 September 2 --Corduan, Chp. 4 September 3 --Corduan, Chp. 5 September 4 --Corduan, Chp. 6 September 9 --Corduan, Chp. 7 September 10 --Corduan, Chp. 8 September 11 --Corduan, Chp. 9 September 16 --Corduan, Chp. 10 September 17 --Corduan, Chp. 11 September 18 --Corduan, (catch up day) September 23 --Corduan, (catch up day) September 24 --Corduan, (catch up day) September 25 September 30 --No reading October 1 --Brawner- Intro October 2 --Brawner- How to Witness October 7 --Brawner- Catholicism October 8 -- October 9 --Fall Break! October 14 --Brawner- Islam October 15 --Brawner- Hinduism October 16 --Brawner- Buddhism October 21 -- Brawner- Mormons October 22 -- Brawner- Atheists October 23 -- Brawner- closing October 28 --Brawner catch up day October 29 --Brawner catch up day October 30 -- November 4 --Martin Chapter 1

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November 5 --Martin Chapter 3 November 6 --Martin Chapter 5 November 11 --Martin Chapter 7 November 12 --Martin Chapter 8 November 13 --Martin Chapter 10 November 18 --Martin Chapter 11 November 29 --Martin Chapter 12 November 20 --Martin Chapter 13 December 2 --Martin Chapter 17 December 3 --Martin Appendix A December 4 --Martin Appendix B December 9 --Study for exam December 10 --Complete assignments December 11 -- December 16 or 17 --Final Exam

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WORLD RELIGIONS AND CULTS

INTERACTION FORM Name____________________________ Date____________ Course Title_____________________________________________ Title of book_____________________________________________________________ Author__________________________________________________________________ Your Evaluation: (1 lowest—10 highest) ____________ Summary: What new insights have you gained from reading this book? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. How can these new insights be applied to your own life and ministry? 1. 2. 3.

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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

GENERAL INTRODUCTIONS

Anderson, Norman, ed. The World's Religions. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989. Ankerberg, John, and Dillon Burroughs. What’s the Big Deal about Other Religions?

Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers, 2008. Bickel, Bruce, and Stan Jantz. World Religions and Cults 101: A Guide to Spiritual

Beliefs. Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2005. Braswell, George W. Understanding World Religions. Nashville: Broadman & Holman,

1994. Brawner, Jeff. How to Share Christ With Your Friends of Another Faith. Garland, TX:

Hannibal Books, 2012. Burke, T. Patrick. The Major Religions. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell, 1996. Burnett, David. Clash of Worlds: A Christian's Handbook on Cultures, World Religions,

and Evangelism. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1992. Comfort, Ray. World Religions in a Nutshell: A Complete Guide to Reaching Those of

Other Faiths. Alachua, FL: Bridge-Logos, 2008. Cooper, Derek. Christianity and World Religions: An Introduction to the World’s Major

Faiths. Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R, 2013. Corduan, Winfried. Neighboring Faiths: A Christian Introduction to World Religions.

Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1998. Earhart, H. Byron, ed. Religious Traditions of the World: A Journey through Africa,

Mesoamerica, North America, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, China, and Japan. San Francisco: HarperCollins, 1993.

Eerdmans' Handbook to the World's Religions. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982. Hexham, Irving. Understanding World Religions: An Interdisciplinary Approach. Grand

Rapids: Zondervan, 2011. Hopfe, Lewis M. Religions of the World. Edited by Mark R. Woodward. 7th ed. Upper

Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1998.

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Lewis, James F., and William G. Travis. Religious Traditions of the World. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991.

Markham, Ian S. , gen. ed. A World Religions Reader. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell,

1996. Martin, Carlos G. Christianity among the Religions of the World. Lanham, MD:

University Press of America, 2007. McDermott, Gerald R. World Religions: An Indispensable Introduction. Nashville:

Thomas Nelson, 2011. McDowell, Josh and Don Stewart. Understanding Non-Christian Religions. San

Bernardino: Here's Life, 1982. Monk, Robert C., Walter C. Hofheinz, Kenneth T. Lawrence, Joseph D. Stamey, Bert

Affleck,and Tetsunao Yamamori. Exploring Religious Meaning. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1998.

Olasky, Marvin. The Religions Next Door: What We Need to Know about Judaism,

Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam--and What Reporters are Missing. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2004.

Pals, Daniel L. Seven Theories of Religion. New York: Oxford University Press 1996. Richardson, Don. Eternity in Their Hearts. Ventura, CA: Regal, 1981. Ridenour, Fritz. So What’s the Difference? A Look at 20 Worldviews, Faiths, and

Religions and How They Compare to Christianity. Updated ed. Ventura, CA: Regal Books, 2001.

Smart, Ninian, and Richard D. Hecht, eds. Sacred Texts of the World: A Universal

Anthology. New York: Crossroad, 1994.

AMERICAN RELIGIONS AND CULTS Abanes, Richard. Inside Today’s Mormonism: Understanding Latter-day Saints in Light

of Biblical Truth. Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2007. Bickel, Bruce & Jantz, Stan. Guide to Cults, Religions, Spiritual Beliefs. Eugene, OR:

Harvest House, 2002. Boa, Kenneth. Cults, World Religions and the Occult. Wheaton: Victor, 1990. Breese, Dave. Know the Marks of Cults. Wheaton, IL: Victor, 1986.

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Carson, Herbert. The Faith of the Vatican. Durham, England: Evangelical Press, 1996. Goldberg, Louis. Our Jewish Friends. Chicago: Moody, 1977. Gruss, Edmond C. Cults and the Occult. 4th ed. Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R, 2002. Hewitt, Joe B. Rescuing Slaves of the Watchtower: How to Lead Jehovah’s Witness

Prisoners into the Light of Christ. Garland, TX: Hannibal Books, 2011. Jackson, Andrew. Mormonism Explained: What Latter-day Saints Teach and Practice.

Wheaton: Crossway Books, 2008. Lingle, Wilbur. Approaching Jehovah’s Witnesses in Love: How to Witness Effectively

without Arguing. 2nd ed. Fort Washington, PA: CLC, 2004. Martin, Walter Ralston. The Kingdom of the Cults. 3d ed. Hank H. Hanegraaff, gen. ed.

Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1997. McDowell, Josh, and Don Stewart. Handbook of Today’s Religions. Nashville: Thomas

Nelson, 1983. McKeever, Bill, and Eric Johnson. Answering Mormons’ Questions: Ready Responses for

Inquiring Latter-day Saints. Updated ed. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2012. Mead, Frank S., Samuel S. Hill, and Craig D. Atwood. Handbook of Denominations in

the United States. 12th ed. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2005. Morley, Donna M. What Do I Say to Mormon Friends and Missionaries? Expanded ed.

Santa Clarita, CA: Faith & Reason Press, 2011. Rhodes, Ron. Reasoning from the Scriptures with the Jehovah’s Witnesses. Updated ed.

Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2009. Ridenhour, Fritz. So What’’s the Difference. Ventura, CA: Regal, 2001. Roberts, R. Philip, Tal Davis, and Sandra Tanner. Mormonism Unmasked: Confronting

the Contradictions between Mormon Beliefs and True Christianity. Nashville: B & H, 1998.

Rubin, Barry. You Bring the Bagels, I’’ll Bring the Gospel. Baltimore: Messianic Jewish

Publishers, 1989. Sire, James W. Scripture Twisting. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1980. Tucker, Ruth A. Another Gospel. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1989.

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ISLAM Akins, Wade. Sharing Your Faith with Muslims. Garland, TX: Hannibal Books, 2011. Anderson, Kerby. A Biblical Point of View on Islam. Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2008. Ankerberg, John, and John Weldon. Fast Facts on Islam: What You Need to Know Now.

Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2001. Braswell, George W. Jr. Islam: Its Prophet, Peoples, Politics, and Power. Nashville:

Broadman & Holman, 1996. ------. What You Need to Know about Islam & Muslims. Nashville: Broadman & Holman,

2000. Caner, Ergun & Emir Caner. Christian Jihad: Two Former Muslims Look at the

Crusades and Killing in the Name of Christ. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2004. ------. Unveiling Islam: An Insider’s Look at Muslim Life and Beliefs. 2nd ed. Grand

Rapids: Kregel, 2009. Cook, Michael. Muhammad. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. Dashti, 'Ali. Twenty Three Years: A Study of the Prophetic Career of Mohammad. Costa

Mesa, CA: Mazda Publishers, 1994. Elass, Mateen. Understanding the Koran: A Quick Christian Guide to the Muslim Holy

Book. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004. Esposito, John L. Islam: The Straight Path. 3d ed. New York: Oxford University Press,

1998. ------. The Oxford History of Islam. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press,

1999. Gauss, James F. Islam & Christianity: A Revealing Contrast. Alachua, FL: Bridge-Logos,

2009. Geisler, Norman L., and Abdul Saleeb. Answering Islam: The Crescent in the Light of the

Cross. 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002. George, Timothy. Is the Father of Jesus the God of Muhammad? Grand Rapids:

Zondervan, 2002. Ghattas, Rauof, and Carol B. Ghattas. A Christian Guide to the Qur’an: Building Bridges

in Muslim Evangelism. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2009.

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Goldmann, David. Islam and the Bible: Why Two Faiths Collide. Chicago: Moody, 2004. Greenway, Roger S., ed. Islam and the Cross: Selections from “The Apostle to Islam”

Samuel M. Zwemer. Phillipsburg, NJ: Presbyterian & Reformed, 2002. Hoskins, Edward J. A Muslim’s Heart: What Everyone Needs to Know to Share Christ

with Muslims. Colorado Springs, CO: Dawson Media, 2003. Lewis, Bernard. The Crisis of Islam: Holy War and Unholy Terror. New York: The

Modern Library, 2003. Livingstone, Greg. Planting Churches in Muslim Cities. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993. Madden, Thomas F. A Concise History of the Crusades. Lanham, MD: Rowman &

Littlefield, 1999. Moucarry, Chawkat. The Prophet & the Messiah: An Arab Christian's Perspective on

Islam & Christianity. Downers Grove: IVP, 2001. Muller, Roland. Honor and Shame: Unlocking the Door. N.p.: Xlibris, 2000. ------. Tools for Muslim Evangelism. Belleville, Ontario, Canada: Essence Publishing,

2000. Musk, Bill. Passionate Believing: The “Fundamentalist” Face of Islam. Printed for

MARC in Great Britain: Monarch Press, 1994. ------. The Unseen Face of Islam: Sharing the Gospel with Ordinary Muslims. Printed for

MARC in Great Britain: Monarch Press, 1989. Parshall, Phil. Bridges to Islam: A Christian Perspective on Folk Islam. Grand Rapids:

Baker, 1983. ------. The Cross and the Crescent: Understanding the Muslim Mind and Heart. Wheaton:

Tyndale, 1989. ------. Inside the Community: Understanding Muslims through Their Traditions. Grand

Rapids: Baker, 1994. ------. New Paths in Muslim Evangelism: Evangelical Approaches to Contextualization.

Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980. Payne, Robert. The History of Islam. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1995. Robinson, Francis, ed. The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Rhodes, Ron. The 10 Things You Need to Know about Islam. Eugene, OR: Harvest House, 2007.

Saal, William J. Reaching Muslims for Christ. Chicago: Moody Press, 1993. Schimmel, Annemarie. Islam: An Introduction. Albany: State University of New York

Press, 1992. Shorrosh, Anis A. Islam Revealed: A Christian Arab’s View of Islam. 2nd ed. Nashville:

Thomas Nelson, 2001. Sproul, R. C., and Abdul Saleeb. The Dark Side of Islam. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2003. Trifkovic, Serge. The Sword of the Prophet: Islam--History, Theology, Impact on the

World. Boston: Regina Orthodox Press, Inc., 2002. Vonder Werff, Lyle L. Christian Mission of Muslims: The Record. South Pasadena, CA:

William Carey Library, 1977. Wagner, William. How Islam Plans to Change the World. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2004. White, James R. What Every Christian Needs to Know about the Qur’an. Bloomington,

MN: Bethany House, 2013.

BUDDHISM Buddha: Life and Teachings. Mount Vernon, NY: Peter Pauper Press, n.d. Burnett, David. The Spirit of Buddhism: A Christian Perspective on Buddhist Thought.

Rev. ed. Oxford: Monarch Books, 2007. Cioccolanti, Steve. From Buddha to Jesus: An Insider’s View of Buddhism &

Christianity. Oxford: Monarch Books, 2010. Conze, Edward. Buddhism: Its Essence and Development. New York: Harper and Row,

1959. Coomaraswamy, Ananda K. Buddha and the Gospel of Buddhism. New York: Harper &

Row, 1964. Davis, John R. The Path to Enlightenment: Introducing Buddhism. Communities of Faith.

Series Editor Walter Riggans. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1997. Gard, Richard A., ed. Buddhism. New York: George Braziller. 1962.

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Hattaway, Paul. Peoples of the Buddhist World: A Christian Prayer Diary. Waynesboro, GA: Authentic Media, 2004. Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 2004. Co-Publishers.

Humphreys, Christmas. The Buddhist Way of Life: An Invitation for Western Readers.

New York: Schocken Books, 1969. Lim, David, Steve Spaulding, and Paul De Neui, eds. Sharing Jesus Effectively in the

Buddhist World. Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 2005. Netland, Harold, and Keith Yandell. Buddhism: A Christian Exploration and Appraisal.

Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2009. Saunders, E. Dale. Buddhism in Japan: With an Outline of Its Origins in India.

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1964. Thirumalai, Madasamy. Sharing Your Faith with a Buddhist. Bloomington, MN: Bethany

House, 2003. Trainor, Kevin, gen. ed. Buddhism: The Illustrated Guide. New York: Oxford University

Press, 2004. Tsering, M[arku]. Jesus in a New Age, Dalai Lama World: Defending and Sharing Christ

with Buddhists. Upper Darby, PA: Interserve, 2006. Varley, Helen, Peter Connolly, and Stefania Travagnin. The Complete Illustrated

Encyclopedia of Buddhism: A Comprehensive Guide to Buddhist History, Philosophy, and Practice, Magnificently Illustrated with More Than 500 Colour Photographs. Edited by Ian Harris. Leicester, UK: Hermes House, 2009.

HINDUISM Berry, Thomas. Religions of India: Hinduism, Yoga, Buddhism. New York: Columbia

University Press, 1996. Bharati, Dayanand. Living Water and Indian Bowl: An Analysis of Christian Failings in

Communicating Christ to Hindus, with Suggestions Toward Improvements. Rev. ed. Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 2004.

Burnett, David. The Spirit of Hinduism: A Christian Perspective on Hindu Life and

Thought. 2nd ed. Oxford: Monarch Books, 2006. Coomaraswamy, Ananda K. Hinduism and Buddhism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press,

1977.

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Cross, Stephen. The Elements of Hinduism. Elements of Series. Shaftesbury, Dorset, Rockport, MA, and Brisbane, Queenland: Element Books, 1994.

Daniel, Again. Hindu Polytheism. New York: Random House, 1964. Embree, Ainslie T., ed. The Hindu Tradition. New York, Random House, 1966. Renou, Louis, ed. Hinduism. New York: Braziller, 1961. Sen, K. M. Hinduism: The World’s Oldest Faith. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1961. The Upanishads: Breath of the Eternal, The Principal Texts Selected and Translated

from the Original Sanskrit. Translated by Swami Prabhavananda and Frederick Manchester. New York: Penguin, 1975.

Thirumalai, Madasamy. Sharing Your Faith with a Hindu. Minneapolis, MN: Bethany

House, 2002. Vemuri, Raj. From Hinduism to Christ: A Former Hindu Brahmin Looks at World

Religions and the Powerful Truths of the Christian Faith. Enumclaw, WA: Pleasant Word, 2010.

White, David. The Bhagavad Gita: A New Translation with Commentary. New York:

Peter Lang, 1988. Zaehner, R. C. Hindu and Muslim Mysticism. New York: Schocken Books, 1969. ------. Hinduism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966.

ASIA Bush, Richard C. Religion in China. Niles, IL: Argus Communications, 1977. Chang, Lit-Sen. Asia’s Religions: Christianity’s Momentous Encounter with Paganism.

Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R, 2000. Ching, Julia. Chinese Religions. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1993. Johnson, David L. A Reasoned Look at Asian Religions. Minneapolis: Bethany House,

1985. Overmyer, Daniel L. Religions of China :The World as a Living System. New York:

Harper & Row,1986.

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Ross, Nancy Wilson. Three Ways of Asian Wisdom. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1968.

CATHOLICISM AND ORTHODOX BODIES Carson, Herbert M. The Faith of the Vatican: A Fresh Look at Roman Catholicism.

Durham, England: Evangelical Press, 1996. Clendenin, Daniel B. Eastern Orthodox Christianity: A Western Perspective. 2nd ed.

Grand Rapids: Baker, 2003. Collins, Mary Ann. Is Catholicism Biblical? A Former Catholic Nun Looks at the

Evidence. N.p.: CreateSpace, 2010. Corner, Dan. Is This the Mary of the Bible? Is the Mary of Catholicism the Mary of the

Bible? Washington, PA: Evangelical Outreach, 2004. Johnson, Kevin Orlin. Why Do Catholics Do That? A Guide to the Teachings and

Practices of the Catholic Church. New York: Ballantine Books, 1995. McCarthy, James G. Talking with Catholic Friends and Family. Eugene, OR: Harvest

House, 2005. Nida, Eugene A. Understanding Latin Americans. Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library,

1974. Norman, Edward. Christianity in the Southern Hemisphere. Oxford, UK: Clarendon

Press, 1981. Pezzotta, Anthony, and Terry Dalrymple. Truth Encounter: A Bible Study for Catholics.

Makati City, Philippines: Church Strengthening Ministry, Foreign Mission Board, SBC, 1996.

Sproul, R. C. Are We Together? A Protestant Analyzes Roman Catholicism. Sanford, FL:

Reformation Trust Publishing, 2012. Stamoolis, James, ed. Three Views on Eastern Orthodoxy and Evangelicalism. Grand

Rapids: Zondervan, 2004. Yamaori, Tesunao, and Charles R. Taber, eds. Christopaganism or Indigenous

Christianity? Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 1975.

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INCLUSIVISM, EXCLUSIVISM, AND PLURALISM Arnold, Clinton E. Powers of Darkness: Principalities and Powers in Paul’s Letters.

Downers Grove: IVP, 1992. Baker, David W., gen. ed. Biblical Faith and Other Religions: An Evangelical

Assessment. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2004. Carson, D. A. The Gagging of God: Christianity Confronts Pluralism. Grand Rapids:

Zondervan, 1996. Clarke, Andrew D., and Bruce W. Winter. One God, One Lord: Christianity in a World

of Religious Pluralism. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992. Crockett, William V., and James G. Sigountos, eds. Through No Fault of Their Own: The

Fate of Those Who Have Never Heard. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1991. Dockery, David S., ed. The Challenge of Postmodernism: An Evangelical Engagement.

2nd ed. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2001. Fackre, Gabriel, Ronald H. Nash, and John Sanders. What About Those Who Have Never

Heard? Three Views on the Destiny of the Unevangelized. Downers Grove: IVP, 1995.

Groothuis, Douglas. Truth Decay: Defending Christianity Against the Challenges of

Postmodernism. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2000. Knitter, Paul F. No Other Name? A Critical Survey of Christian Attitudes Toward the

World Religions. Maryknoll: Orbis, 1986. Morgan, Christopher W., and Robert A. Peterson, eds. Faith Comes by Hearing: A

Response to Inclusivism. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2008. Nash, Ronald H. Is Jesus the Only Savior? Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1994. Netland, Harold A. Dissonant Voices: Religious Pluralism and the Question of Truth.

Leicester, England: Apollos, 1991. ------. Encountering Religious Pluralism: The Challenge to Christian Faith and Mission.

Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2001. Nicholls, Bruce J., ed. The Unique Christ in Our Pluralist World. Grand Rapids: Baker,

1994. Pinnock, Clark H. A Wideness in God’s Mercy: The Finality of Jesus Christ in a World of

Religions. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992.

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Plantinga, Richard. Christianity and Plurality: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1999.

Richard, Ramesh P. The Population of Heaven: A Biblical Response to the Inclusivist

Position on Who Will be Saved. Chicago: Moody, 1994. Sanders, John, ed. No Other Name: An Investigation into the Destiny of the

Unevangelized. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1992. Steinbronn, Anthony J. Worldviews: A Christian Response to Religious Pluralism. St.

Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2007.